Where do we go from here原文+词汇翻译.docx

Where do we go from here原文+词汇翻译.docx

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Wheredowegofromhere原文+词汇翻译

yiMartinLutherKingSpeech-Wheredowegofromhere

SouthernChristianLeadershipConference

Atlanta,Georgia

16August1967

Now,inordertoanswerthequestion,"Wheredowegofromhere?

"whichisourtheme,wemustfirsthonestlyrecognizewherewearenow.WhentheConstitutionwaswritten,astrangeformulatodeterminetaxesandrepresentationdeclaredthattheNegrowas60percentofaperson.Todayanothercuriousformulaseemstodeclareheis50percentofaperson.Ofthegoodthingsinlife,theNegrohasapproximatelyonehalfthoseofwhites.Ofthebadthingsoflife,hehastwicethoseofwhites.ThushalfofallNegroesliveinsubstandardhousing.AndNegroeshavehalftheincomeofwhites.Whenweviewthenegativeexperiencesoflife,theNegrohasadoubleshare.Therearetwiceasmanyunemployed.TherateofinfantmortalityamongNegroesisdoublethatofwhitesandtherearetwiceasmanyNegroesdyinginVietnamaswhitesinproportiontotheirsizeinthepopulation.

Inotherspheres,thefiguresareequallyalarming.Inelementaryschools,Negroeslagonetothreeyearsbehindwhites,andtheirsegregatedschoolsreceivesubstantiallylessmoneyperstudentthanthewhiteschools.OnetwentiethasmanyNegroesaswhitesattendcollege.OfemployedNegroes,75percentholdmenial卑贱的jobs.

Thisiswhereweare.Wheredowegofromhere?

First,wemustmassivelyassertourdignityandworth.Wemuststandupamidst尽管存在…情况asystemthatstilloppressesusanddevelopanunassailable攻不破的andmajesticsenseofvalues.Wemustnolongerbeashamedofbeingblack.Thejobofarousingmanhoodwithinapeoplethathavebeentaughtforsomanycenturiesthattheyarenobodyisnoteasy.

Depiction描写叙述ofBlacknessandNegroContributions

Evensemanticshaveconspiredtomakethatwhichisblackseemuglyanddegrading.InRoget'sThesaurus同义词词典thereare120synonymsforblacknessandatleast60ofthemareoffensive,asforexample,blot污渍,soot煤烟,grim糟糕的,devil魔鬼andfoul.Andtherearesome134synonymsforwhitenessandallarefavorable,expressedinsuchwordsaspurity,cleanliness,chastity贞洁淳朴andinnocence.Awhitelieisbetterthanablacklie.Themostdegenerate堕落的memberofafamilyisa"blacksheep.害群之马"OssieDavishassuggestedthatmaybetheEnglishlanguageshouldbereconstructedsothatteacherswillnotbeforcedtoteachtheNegrochild60waystodespise鄙视himself,andtherebyperpetuate使永存hisfalsesenseofinferiority,andthewhitechild134waystoadorehimself,andtherebyperpetuatehisfalsesenseofsuperiority.

ThetendencytoignoretheNegro'scontributiontoAmericanlifeandtostriphimof剥夺hispersonhood人格,isasoldastheearliesthistoryhooksandascontemporaryasthemorning'snewspaper.Toupsetthisculturalhomicide杀人行为,theNegromustriseup起义withanaffirmation主张ofhisownOlympian庄严的manhood.AnymovementfortheNegro'sfreedomthatoverlooks忽视thisnecessityisonlywaitingtobeburied.Aslongasthemindisenslaved,thebodycanneverbefree.Psychologicalfreedom,afirmsenseofself-esteem,isthemostpowerfulweaponagainstthelongnightofphysicalslavery.NoLincolnian林肯作风的Emancipation解放Proclamation宣告orJohnsonianCivilRightsBillcantotallybringthiskindoffreedom.TheNegrowillonlybefreewhenhereachesdowntotheinnerdepthsofhisownbeing他自己的生存andsignswiththepenandinkofassertive坚定而自信的manhoodhisownEmancipationProclamation.And,withaspiritstraining变形towardtrueself-esteem,theNegromustboldlythrowoffthemanacles手铐ofself-abnegation自欺欺人andsaytohimselfandtotheworld,"Iamsomebody.Iamaperson.Iamamanwithdignityandhonor.Ihavearichandnoblehistory.Howpainfulandexploited剥削的thathistoryhasbeen.Yes,IwasaslavethroughmyforeparentsandIamnotashamedofthat.I'mashamedofthepeoplewhoweresosinfultomakemeaslave."Yes,wemuststandupandsay,"I'mblackandI'mbeautiful,"andthisself-affirmationistheblackman'sneed,madecompelling必须承认的bythewhiteman'scrimesagainsthim.

BasicChallenges

Anotherbasicchallengeistodiscoverhowtoorganizeourstrengthintermsofeconomicandpoliticalpower.NoonecandenythattheNegroisindireneedof急需thiskindoflegitimatepower.Indeed,oneofthegreatproblemsthattheNegroconfrontsishislackofpower.Fromoldplantations种植园oftheSouthtonewerghettos贫民区oftheNorth,theNegrohasbeenconfinedtoalifeofvoicelessness沉默andpowerlessness.Strippedoftherighttomakedecisionsconcerninghislifeanddestiny命运hehasbeensubjecttotheauthoritarian专制独裁者andsometimeswhimsical异想天开的decisionsofthiswhitepowerstructure.Theplantationandghettowerecreatedbythosewhohadpower.bothtoconfinethosewhohadnopowerandtoperpetuatetheirpowerlessness.Theproblemoftransformingtheghetto,therefore,isaproblemofpower-confrontation对抗oftheforcesofpowerdemandingchangeandtheforcesofpowerdedicatedtothepreservingofthestatusquo.Nowpowerproperlyunderstoodisnothingbuttheabilitytoachievepurpose.Itisthestrengthrequiredtobringaboutsocial,politicalandeconomicchange.WalterReutherdefinedpoweroneday.Hesaid,"PoweristheabilityofalaborunionliketheU.A.W.tomakethemostpowerfulcorporationintheworld,GeneralMotors,say'Yes'whenitwantstosay'No.'That'spower."

Nowalotofusarepreachers说教者,andallofushaveourmoralconvictionsandconcerns,andsooftenhaveproblemswithpower.Thereisnothingwrongwithpowerifpowerisusedcorrectly.Yousee,whathappenedisthatsomeofourphilosophersgotoffbase.Andoneofthegreatproblemsofhistoryisthattheconceptsofloveandpowerhaveusuallybeencontrastedasopposites-polaroppositethatloveisidentifiedwitharesignation顺从ofpower,andpowerwithadenialoflove.

ItwasthismisinterpretationthatcausedNietzsche尼采,whowasaphilosopherofthewilltopower,torejecttheChristianconceptoflove.ItwasthissamemisinterpretationwhichinducedChristiantheologians神学家torejecttheNietzscheanphilosophyofthewilltopowerinthenameoftheChristianideaoflove.Now,we'vegottogetthisthingright.Whatisneededisarealizationthatpowerwithoutloveisreckless轻率鲁莽的andabusive攻击性的,andlovewithoutpowerissentimentalandanemic贫血的.Poweratitsbestisloveimplementingthedemandsofjustice,andjusticeatitsbestispowercorrectingeverythingthatstandsagainstlove.Andthisiswhatwemustseeaswemoveon.Whathashappenedisthatwehavehaditwrongandconfusedinourowncountry,andthishasledNegroAmericansinthepasttoseektheirgoalsthroughpowerdevoid缺乏ofloveandconscience.

ThisisleadingafewextremiststodaytoadvocateforNegroesthesamedestructiveandconsciencelesspowerthattheyhavejustlyabhorred厌恶inwhites.Itispreciselythiscollisionofimmoralpowerwithpowerlessmoralitywhichconstitutesthemajorcrisisofourtimes.

DevelopingaProgram?

Wemustdevelopaprogramthatwilldrivethenationtoaguaranteedannualincome.Now,earlyinthiscenturythisproposalwouldhavebeengreetedwithridiculeanddenunciation谴责,asdestructiveofinitiativeandresponsibility.Atthattimeeconomicstatuswasconsideredthemeasureoftheindividual'sabilityandtalents.And,inthethinkingofthatday,theabsenceofworldlygoodsindicatedawantofindustrious勤劳的habitsandmoralfiber.We'vecomealongwayinourunderstandingofhumanmotivationandoftheblindoperationofoureconomicsystem.Nowwerealizethatdislocations脱位混乱inthemarketoperationsofoureconomyandtheprevalenceofdiscriminationthrustpeopleinto投身于idleness闲散andbindtheminconstantorfrequentunemploymentagainsttheirwill.Todaythepoorarelessoftendismissed,Ihope,fromourconsciencesbybeingbrandedasinferiororincompetent.Wealsoknowthatnomatterhowdynamicallytheeconomydevelopsandexpands,itdoesnoteliminateallpoverty.

Theproblemindicatesthatouremphasismustbetwofold.Wemustcreatefullemploymentorwemustcreateincomes.Peoplemustbemadeconsumersbyonemethodortheother.Oncetheyareplacedinthispositionweneedtobeconcernedthatthepotentialoftheindividualisnotwasted.Newformsofworkthatenhancethesocialgoodwillhavetobedevisedforthoseforwhomtraditionaljobsarenotavailable.InI879HenryGeorgeanticipatedthisstateofaffairswhenhewroteinProgressandPoverty:

Thefactisthattheworkwhichimprovestheconditionofmankind,theworkwhichextendsknowledgeandincreasespowerandenrichesliteratureandelevatesthought,isnotdonetosecurealiving.Itisnottheworkofslavesdriventotheirtaskseitherbythetask,bythetaskmaster工头,orbyanirnal（sic）necessity.Itistheworkofmenwhosomehowfindaformofworkthatbringsasecurityforitsownsakeandastateofsocietywherewant缺乏isabolished.

Workofthissortcouldbeenormouslyincreased,andwearelikelytofindthattheproblemsofhousingandeducation,insteadofprecedingtheeliminationofpoverty,willthemselvesbeaffectedifpovertyisfirstabolished.Thepoortransformedintopurchaserswilldoagreatdealontheirown靠自己的力量toalterhousingdecay.Negroeswhohaveadoubledisabilitywillhaveagreatereffectondiscriminationwhentheyhavetheadditionalweaponofcashtouseintheirstruggle.

Beyondtheseadvantages,ahostof大量的positivepsychologicalchangesinevitablywillresultfromwidespreadeconomicsecurity.Thedignityoftheindividualwillflourishwhenthedecisionsconcerninghislifeareinhisownhands,whenhehasthemeanstoseekself-improvement自我修养.