英文字母及组合发音规律.docx
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英文字母及组合发音规律
常见的字母与字母组合发音规则
(I)
元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则
元音字母的发音
(一)元音字母a
1.重读开音节[ei]paper;late;make;lake;face
2.重读闭音节[?
]bag;fat;cat;ladder;mass
(*例外:
any—些[e];many许多[e])
3.非重读音节[?
]或[i]
即:
[?
]
ago;_a0ng;among;above;aloud
[i]comrade;village;manager;palace;private;necklace
*连续相同的辅音(字母),一般只发一个音,而且归属后一个音节段。
如上的
ladder,village
4•在字母w或wh后面,发[?
]was;wash;what;want;
(*例外:
water水[?
:
])
5.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath组合里,重读时均发[a:
]
即:
dance:
France;chanceask:
mask:
task:
basket
class:
grass:
glass:
pass;(*例外:
mass[?
])
fast:
cast:
past;last:
master:
father:
path:
bath:
(*例外:
maths[?
])
(二)元音字母e
1.重读开音节[i:
]me_;he_;she.:
these.:
evening
2•重读闭音节[e]hen:
get:
set:
teJl:
echo
3.非重读音节[i]useless:
ticket:
basket:
pocket:
before:
below:
(三)元音字母i或y
1•重读开音节
2•重读闭音节
[ai]China;try;my_;hi_;timd;guide;
[i]sit;hit;ill;little;system;
(四)元音字母o
1.重读开音节[?
u]no;so;go;home;photo;
2•重读闭音节[?
]not;hot;box;fox;cock;cost;
3.非重读音节[?
]purpose;concern
4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前,均发[?
〕
son;month;come;ton;(*例外:
Tom[?
])
love;dove;glove;above;another
mother;brother;become;some
5.两个单词:
woman[‘w-m?
n]女人(单数);women[‘Wmin]女人(复数)
1•重读开音节[ju:
]pupil;student;use;cube
2•重读闭音节[?
]或[u]
即:
[?
]cut;luck;umbrella;us
[u]put;full;pull
4.非重读音节[?
]autumn;August;support
•元音字母组合的拼读规则
元音字母a的字母组合
1.ai或ay在重读音节中[ei]rain;train;brain;pain
day;may;play;stay;lay
*ay在非重读-音里[i]或[ei]Sunday;Monday;Tuesday;Thursday;Friday
2.al+绝大多数辅音字母[?
:
]small;wall;call;talk;walk;chalk
3.或[?
:
l]also;always
*al后面是k时,只发[?
:
]
al+f或m时,al发[a:
]haf;calm
-al在词尾非重读[(?
)l]medal;metal;(例外canal运河,重音在后[?
l])
3.-anee在重读时[a:
ns]chance;dance;France
在非重读时[?
ns]importance;performance;ambulance
4.-ant非重读[?
nt]assistant;important;peasant
5.-ange—般[eind?
]change;danger;strange;(*但orange[ind?
])
6.-age——般[id?
]village;carriage;marriage
7.-ask—般重读时[a:
sk]ask;mask;task;basket
8.-ass一般重读时[a:
s]class;glass;grass;pass;(但mass[?
])
9.-ast一般重读时[a:
st]last;past;fast;cast
-aste一般[eist]waste;paste;taste
10.-ath一般[a:
0athL;path;(*但maths[?
0])
或[a:
e]father;rather;(*但gather[?
e])
11.-au一般[?
:
]cause;autumn;August;(*但because]?
])
-augh(t)[?
:
(t)]caught;taught;daughter
(*例外:
laugh[lauf])
12.-aw[?
:
]draw;saw;law;awful
13.a在字母w或wh后面,a发[?
]
was;wash;want;what;(*但water[?
:
])
14.-ar重读音时[a:
]party;car;farm;army;yard;hard;staj
在字母w或音[w]后面时[?
:
]war;warm;warn;towards;*quarter
在非重读音时[-?
]beggar,;dollar;solar
15.-are一般[-汀hare;bare;dare;stare;rare;care;parent
16.-air一般[-&?
chair;fair;hair;pair;stair;repair
17.-able—般[eibl]able;cable;table;stable
(二)元音字母e的组合
1.-ea重读音节有四个音,分别是下列:
-ea[i:
]team;meat;lead;teach;read;mean;please;steal
-ea[e]threat;bread;meant;read(过去式和过去分词);peasant
-ea[i?
]real;really
-ea[ei]great;break
2.-ee[i:
]fed;week;keep;three;steeJ;street;sweep;see
*但是一个例外:
coffee[i]
3.-eer[i?
]deer;pioneer;engineer;volunteer
4.-er重读音节[?
:
]her;term;service;Germany
非重读[?
]worken;paperywestern;teachej
特殊读法[a:
]clerk
5.-ere[i?
]here;mere
-ere或者发[e]?
there,;where,
6.-ear有三种音,分别是:
-ear[i?
]ear;dear;near;clear;tear(n.);beard
-ear[?
:
]early;earth;learn;heard-ear[a:
]heart
*tear作为动词时,发[可?
7.-ei[ei]eight;weigh;weight
-ei[ai]height
-ei[i:
]receive
8.-ey重读[ei]they;hey;survey
-ey重读[i:
]key
-ey非重读[i]monkey;donkey;valley;volleyball
*-et非重读[it]pocketticket;rocket_
9.-ew一般[ju:
]new;few;knew
-ew或者发[u:
]grew;threw_
-ew还可以发[?
u]sew
10.-ege[id?
]college
11.-est[ist]biggest;modest;happiest;
12.词尾的-ed在浊音后[d]lived;studied
-ed在清音后[t]worked;finished_
-ed在字母t或d后[id]wanted;needed
(3)元音字母i或y的组合
1.-ie在重读音节中,或在辅音字母前,发[i:
]field;piece;achieve
-ie在词尾[ai]lie;die;tie
2.-igh(t)在重读音节[ai(t)]high;night;light;brighL
3.-ir在重读音节[?
:
]girl;firm;circle;first;third
4.-ire在重读音节[‘ai?
fire;tired;hidretired;wire_
5.-ild[aild]child;wild
7.-ing[i?
]king.;wing:
sing;doing;making
8.-(a)tion[(ei)?
i]nation:
pronunciation:
information;composition
-stion[t?
n]question
-sion[宙]或[?
n]mission使命:
precision精密
9.-ye在词尾[ai]good-bye:
bye-bye
10.-ist[ist]list;fist_:
(4)元音字母o的组合
1.-oa在重音时[?
u]boat:
coat:
road:
goat:
toad
-oar在重音时[?
:
]blackboard:
aboard
2.-oi,-oy在重音时[?
i]bojler:
point:
jojn:
ojj_
boy:
toy.:
joy:
loyal
3.-oo一般[u:
]soon:
too:
zoo:
room:
noon:
food:
mood:
boot:
moon
*单词room和其他名词构成合成词时,常发短音。
如classroom[u]••等等。
在字母k或有时在t,d之前时[u]cook:
look:
book:
took:
foot:
good;
4.-or在重音时[?
:
]for:
horse:
important:
morning:
born
-or在字母w后面[?
:
]