//standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sb-bylaws.pdf>,includingthestatement"IEEEstandardsmayincludetheknownuseofpatent（s）,includingpatentapplications,providedtheIEEEreceivesassurancefromthepatentholderorapplicantwithrespecttopatentsessentialforcompliancewithbothmandatoryandoptionalportionsofthestandard."EarlydisclosuretotheWorkingGroupofpatentinformationthatmightberelevanttothestandardisessentialtoreducethepossibilityfordelaysinthedevelopmentprocessandincreasethelikelihoodthatthedraftpublicationwillbeapprovedforpublication.PleasenotifytheChairApurvaN.Modyasearlyaspossible,inwrittenorelectronicform,ifpatentedtechnology（ortechnologyunderpatentapplication）mightbeincorporatedintoadraftstandardbeingdevelopedwithintheIEEE802.22WorkingGroup.Ifyouhavequestions,contacttheIEEEPatentCommitteeAdministratorat.
Abstract
ThefollowingdocumentproposesresolutionstocommentsrelatedtotheSection9.
9CognitiveRadioCapability
9.1General
Thisclausedescribesthecognitiveradiocapabilitiessupportedbythe802.22standard,whicharerequiredtomeetregulatoryrequirementsforprotectionofincumbentsaswellastoprovideforefficientoperationof802.22networks.Thecognitiveradiocapabilitiesinclude:
BSSpectrumManager（SM）,SpectrumSensingAutomatons（SSA）,AccesstotheIncumbentDatabaseServices,Policy（Table255andAnnexA）,CPERegistrationandTracking,SpectrumSensingServicesandGeolocationServices.
802.22devicesshallemploycognitiveradiocapability,whichshallenablethemtomakedecisionsabouttheirradiooperatingbehaviorbasedoninformationfromvarioussourcessuchassensing,geolocation,thedatabaseservice,policyetc.Theinformationshallbeobtainedthroughcommunicationwithexternalincumbentdatabases,orthroughdirectsensingforincumbentsonTVchannelsthatwouldbeimpactedbyoperationofthe802.22device,orboth.Theinformationshallalsobetheresultofrulesgoverningtheparticularregulatorydomainwherethedeviceintendstooperate（e.g.certainTVchannelsmaybe“offlimits”becausetheywereallocatedforsomeotherspecificuse）.Thisclausedefinesthe802.22functionalentities,informationelements,andproceduresrelatedtoobtainingandmanagingthisinformation.
The802.22deviceshallretrieveappropriatespectrumavailabilityinformationbasedonthegeographiccoordinatesofitsintendedoperatinglocationfromanexternaldatabaseservice,asdescribedbyproceduresdefinedinthisclause.
An802.22deviceshallalsosenseforthepresenceofincumbentsinareaswherethe802.22deviceintendstooperate,bothpriorto,andduringoperation.ThisincludessensingtheprospectiveTVchannelsofoperationaswellasanyotherTVchannelsthatmightbesubjectedtoharmfulinterferenceasaresultoftheoperationofthe802.22device.Signalsthatthe802.22deviceshallsenseforare:
·TelevisionBroadcasts
·WirelessMicrophonetransmissions
·Transmissionsfromprotectingdevices,suchasthe802.22.1WirelessBeacon
·Otherincumbentdevicessuchasmedicaltelemetrydeviceswhichmayneedtobeprotectedinthelocalregulatorydomain.（seefootnote20page8oftheFCCR&O08-260）
The802.22systemsshallselecttheiroperating,backup,candidatechannelsetsbasedontheproceduresthataredescribedinSection9.2.3.The802.22transmissionshallbecontrolledbyvariouspolicieswhicharedefinedin9.2.5relatedtotheSpectrumManagerPolicies.
TheSpectumManageroperationisdescribedindetailin9.2.
Notethat802.22devicesmustalsosenseforother802.22systemsthatmaybepresentandoperatingintheirarea.Ifsuchsystemsarediscovered,thedevicesshallfollowthecoexistenceproceduresdefinedinthe802.22MACsubclauseError!
Referencesourcenotfound..
Theorganizationofthisclauseisasfollows:
subclause9.2describestheSpectrumManagerOperation;subclause9.3describestheSpectrumSensingAutomaton;subclause9.4describestheSpectrumSensingFunction;subclause9.5describestheGeolocation;subclause9.6describestheDatabaseServiceandfinallysubclause9.7describesPrimitivesandMessagingassociatedwiththecognitivefunctions
9.2SpectrumManagerOperation
9.2.1General
TheSpectrumManager,asshowninthe802.22referencemodel（Error!
Referencesourcenotfound.）,shallbepartofthecognitiveplaneandshallalwaysbepresentatthe802.22BS.TheSMisresponsibleforthemostimportanttasks,suchasmaintainingspectrumavailabilityinformation,channelselection,channelmanagement,schedulingspectrumsensingoperation,accesstothedatabase,enforcing802.22andregulatorydomainpolicies,andenablingself-coexistenceetc.ThedetailedoperationoftheSMisdescribedinSection9.2.Figure1showsthe802.22SpectrumManageralongwithitslogicalinterfacestovariousentities.
Figure1—IEEE802.22SpectrumManagerandLogicalInterfaces
Allthe802.22devices（BSandCPEs）shallalsohaveanentitycalledtheSpectrumSensingAutomaton（SSA）.TheSSAinterfacestotheSpectrumSensingFunction（SSF）andexecutesthecommandsfromtheSMtoenablespectrumsensing.ThedetailedoperationoftheSSAisdescribedinSection9.3.ThefollowingclausesdescribetheSMfunctionalities.
TheSMisacentralpartoftheWRANBS,whichshallberesponsibleforensuringprotectionofincumbentsandefficientspectrumutilizationwhilecomplyingwithregulatorypolicies.Forthat,theSMcentralizesallthedecisionswithintheWRANcellwithrespecttospectrumavailabilityandutilization.Insummary,thekeyfunctionsoftheSMarethefollowing:
∙MaintainspectrumavailabilityInformation;
∙Channelclassificationandselection;
∙Associationcontrol;
∙Channelstatemanagement;
∙Accessingthedatabaseservice;
∙Schedulingquietperiodsforspectrumsensing;
∙Enforcing802.22andregulatorydomainpolicies
∙MakingchannelmovedecisionsforoneormoreCPEsortheentirecell
∙Self-coexistencewithotherWRANs,etc.
Thesefunctionsaredescribedinthefollowingclauses.ItisimportanttonotethatthisstandarddoesnotspecifyanyparticularSMimplementation,butinstead,itdescribesthemandatorybehaviorforanySMimplementationinordertoprovideforproperprotectionofincumbents,compliancewithregulatorydomainpolicies,andinteroperabilityamongstdifferentWRANimplementations.
9.2.2MaintainSpectrumAvailabilityInformation
TheSMshallmaintainthestatusofthespectrum（i.e.TVchannels）availableforWRANoperationatitslocationwithinaregulatorydomainaccordingtothepoliciesandrulesestablishedforthatdomain（e.g.regulatoryrulesestablishedbytheFCCintheUSforuseofTVchannels）.TheSMshallobtaininformationonthechannelstatuswithrespecttothepresenceofincumbentsandotherWRANsinthearea,anditshallusethisinformationasinputforitsdecisionswithrespecttochannelselection,channelstatemanagementandself-coexistencemechanisms.
Tomaintainthestatusofthechannelsavailableforoperation,theSMshallbeabletoaggregateinformationfromatleastthefollowingsources:
1.Incumbentdatabase:
TheSMshallaccessincumbentdatabasesthroughthehigherlayers.Forthepurposesofthe802.22operation,adatabasecontaininglocationdependentavailablechannelsshallalwaysexist.TheSMshallberesponsibleforaccessinganofficialincumbentdatabaseintheregulatorydomainsthatmandatethepresenceofsuchadatabase.Intheregulatorydomainsthatdonotmandateanofficialdatabase,adatabaseofavailablechannelsshallbeprovidedbytheoperator.
2.Geolocation:
TheSMshallbeabletoaccessgeolocationinformationavailableattheBStoidentifyitsownlocation,anditshallalsobeabletoobtainlocationinformationfromallCPEsassociatedwiththeBSorthatarerequestingassociationwiththeBS.
3.Spectrumsensing:
TheSMshallinterfacewiththeSpectrumSensingAutomatonslocatedwithintheBSandtheCPEs.TheSMshallusetheMACandPHYlayerfunctionalitiesandmanagementframestocontrolandcoordinatespectrumsensingwithintheWRANcell.TheSMshalltriggertherequestsfortheSSAslocatedwithintheBSandtheCPEstoper
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