届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 2Cloning单元学案设计22页word版.docx

届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 2Cloning单元学案设计22页word版.docx

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届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2Cloning单元学案设计22页word版

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2Cloning单元学案设计

一单元词汇句式搜索

一、写其形

1.differvi.　不同；相异

2.exactadj.精确的；准确的

3.undertakevt.（undertook；undertaken）着手；从事；承担

4.breakthroughn.突破

5.proceduren.程序；步骤；手续

6.castvt.（cast，cast）扔；投；掷

7.altogetheradv.总共；完全地

8.correctionn.改正；纠正；修正

9.objectvi.反对；不赞成

10.objectionn.不赞成；反对；异议

11.obtainvt.获得；赢得

12.attainvt.获得；到达（水平、年龄、状况等）

13.moraladj.道德（上）的；伦理的

14.forbidvt.（forbade，forbad；forbidden）禁止；不准

15.accumulatevt.&vi.积累；聚积

pulsoryadj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；

强制的

17.loafn.一条（面包）

18.owevt.欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功于……

19.shortlyadv.立刻；不久

20.retirevi.退休；离开

21.bothervt.打扰

　　vi.操心

　　n.烦扰

22.assumptionn.假定；设想

23.regulationn.规则；规章；法规

24.popularityn.受人喜爱；流行

25.strikevt.&vi.（struck，struck）打；撞击；罢工

n.罢工

26.vainadj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的

27.resistvt.抵抗；对抗

28.drawbackn.缺点；不利条件

29.merelyadv.仅；只；不过

30.decorationn.装饰

31.unableadj.不能的；不会的

32.hatchvt.&vi.孵出；孵卵；孵化

33.reasonableadj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的

二、知其意

1.twinn.双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一

　adj.成对的；成双的

mercialadj.商业的；贸易的

3.straightforwardadj.简单的；直接的；坦率的

plicatedadj.复杂的；难懂的

5.carriern.携带者；搬运工；运输工具

6.arbitraryadj.任意的

7.faten.命运；天命

8.mediumn.（plmedia）媒介；手段；工具

9.conservativeadj.保守的；守旧的

10.constitutionn.宪法；章程

11.operan.歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院

12.chorusn.合唱；合唱队

13.flourn.面粉

14.initialadj.最初的；开始的

15.feathern.羽毛

16.fairlyadv.公平地；相当地

17.turkeyn.火鸡

18.dyevt.给……染色；染

n.染色剂

19.clawn.爪；脚爪

20.adorevt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱

1.cast__down使失望；使沮丧

2.the__media大众传播媒体（如电视、报纸等）

3.in__favour__of赞成；支持

4.side__road旁路；支线；岔道

5.（be）bound__to__（do）...一定或注定（做）……

6.strike...into__one’s__heart　使……刻骨铭心

7.from__time__to__time不时；偶尔

8.bring__back__to__life使复生；使复活

9.in__vain白费力气；枉费心机

10.in__good/poor__condition状况很好（坏）；情况很好（坏）

1.Cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhile__cloning__animals__is__very

complicated.

克隆植物简单，而克隆动物非常复杂。

2.Then__came__the__disturbing__news__thatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.

接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。

3.What__do__you__thinkisthewriter’spointofviewinthisreadingpassage?

你认为这篇文章中作者的观点是什么？

4.The__advantage__is__thatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie，butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.

其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。

5.Based__on__what__we__know__now，youcannotcloneanimalsthathavebeenextinctlongerthan10，000years.

就我们现在所知道的而言，克隆绝种超过一万年的动物是不可能的。

二单元知识综合运用

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

PatientsintheearlystagesofAlzheimer'sdiseaseoftenstruggletorememberrecentlylearnedinformation,meaningtheyforgetthingslikeimportantappointmentsorwheretheylefttheirkeys.Butitseemsthatthesememoriesarenotlost.Theyarestillfiledawayinthebrainsomewhere;theyjustcan'tbeeasilyaccessed.

Now,researchersatMIThavedevelopedameansofgettingbackme

moriesinmicesufferingfromAlzheimer's.Themethodreliesonatechniquethatuseslighttocontrolgeneticallymodifiedneurons（转基因神经元）.Currentlyitistooearlytobeusedinhumantrialsasitinvolvesinsertinglightemitting（发光）equipmentintothesubjects'brains,butthesameprinciplesstillapply,theresearcherssaid.

“Theimportantpointisthatthisisevidenceoftheconcept.Thatis,evenifamemoryseemstobegone,itisstillthere.It'samatterofhowtogeti

tback，”saidtheseniorresearcherSusumuTonegawa.

Theteamtooktwogroupsofmice,onegeneticallyengineeredtodevelopAlzheimer'sandonehealthy.Theythenplacedthemintoaroomandgavethemamildelectricshock.Allofthemiceshowedfearwhenputbackanhourlater.Whenplacedintheroomathirdtimeseveraldayslater,theAlzheimer'smiceactednormally.Theyhadforgottentheshock.

Theresearcherswerethenabletobringbackthememoryoftheshockbyactivating（激活）thecellsinwhichthememorieswerestored.Evenwhenthemicewereputintoanunfamiliarroo

m,theyshowedfearwhenthecellsassociatedwiththeshockwereactivated.

“Shorttermmemoriesseemtobenormalinorderofhours.Butforlongtermmemories,theseearlyAlzheimer'smiceseemtobedamaged，”saidtheleadresearcherDheerajRoy.“Directlyactivatingthecellsthatwebelieveareholdingthememoryhelpsthemgetitback.Thissuggeststhatitisindeedanaccessproblemtotheinformation,notthattheyareunabletolearnorstorethismemory.”

[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了利用光控制转基因神经元使早老性痴呆病患者恢复记忆的技术。

1．WhatcanwelearnabouttheresearchersatMIT?

A．Theyarethepioneersofbrainresearch.

B．Theyhaveusedthemethodinhumantrials.

C．TheycancureAlzheimer'susingthenewmethod.

D．TheycangetbackmemoriesinmicewithAlzheimer's.

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第二段的第一句“Now，researchersatMIThavedevelopedameansofgettingbackmemoriesinmicesufferingfromAlzheimer's.”可知，他们能够使患有早老性痴呆病的老鼠恢复记忆。

答案：

D

2．WhydidtheAlzheimer'smicebehavenormallythethirdtime?

A．Theyfailedtoremembertheelectricshock.

B．Theywereaccustomedtothesituation.

C．Theymanagedtoovercomethefear.

D．Theyactivatedtheassociationautomatically.

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第四段的“theAlzheimer'smiceactednormally.Theyhadforgottentheshock.”可知，这些老鼠忘记了受到的电击。

答案：

A

3．Forlongtermmemories,theearlyAlzheimer'smice.

A．cantransformtheirbraincells

B．can'tlearnnewtrickswell

C．caneasilygetbacktheirmemories

D．can'taccesstheinformationstored

解析：

推理判断题。

根据最后一段的“Butforlongtermmemories，theseearlyAlzheimer'smiceseemtobedamaged”和“Directlyactivating...thismemory”可知，对于长期记忆来说，这些处于早老性痴呆病早期的老鼠因为（脑细胞）已经被损害，不能获得这种已经储存的信息。

答案：

D

4．Themainpurposeofthetextisto.

A．introduceamethodofaresearch

B．reportthelatestdiscoveryaboutadisease

C．giveadviceonhowtoimprovememories

D．explainhowabrainstoresinformation

解析：

作者意图题。

通读全文可知，本文的主要目的是报道关于早老性痴呆病的最新发现。

答案：

B

B

Ifyoufollowedthe2016OlympicGames,youmayhavenoticedthatseveralathletes,includingUSswimmerMichaelPhelps,hadcircularbruisesontheirbodies.Thesebruisesweretheresultof“cupping（拔火罐）therapy”，atraditionalChinesemedicinalpracticethathasbeenaroundformorethan2,000years.

Manyathletessaythattheyhavebenefitedfromthetherapy.Phelpsusedthetherapyinthefallof2014andhasuseditabouttwiceaweeksince,reportedABCNews.AnotherUSswimmer,DanaVollmer,alsobelievesthat“itreallyhelpswithbloodflow”．

However,somehavesaidthatthesupposedhealtheffectsresultfrompeople'sfeelingthatthetreatmentworks,ratherthananyphysicaleffectofthetreatment.

Tofigureoutcuppingtherapyhasanyphysicaleffect,lastyearresearchersfromGermanycarriedoutatestinwhichafalsetreatmentwasprovided.

Inthestudy,thesametypeofcupswasusedintherealtreatmentandthefalsetreatment.Butinthefalsetreatment，thecupshadaholeatthetopsothattheycouldn'tcreatethepropersuction（吸力）．

Thetestedpatients,whosufferedfromadisorderthatcausedalotofpain,weretoldthattheywouldreceiveeithertraditionalcuppingor“softcupping”.Buttheywerenotinformedthatthesocalled“softcupping”wasafalsetreatment.

Itturnedoutthatmostpatientscorrectlyguessedwhichkindofcuppingtheyhadreceived.Inbothgroups,patientsalsoexperiencedaboutthesamereductionsinpain.“Theresultssuggesttheeffectsofcuppingtherapymightcomefromfactorsthatarenotnecessarilypartofthetreatmentitself，”theresearcherstoldtheLiveSciencewebsite.

Thequestionofwhethercuppingtherapyworksstillneedstobeanswered.“Butbecausethetreatmentisrelativelysafeanditcouldbehelpfulforsomepeople,thetherapycanbeusedaspartofacomprehensivetreatmentprograminvolvingotherexercises,nutritionalchoicesandlifestylechanging，”DrBrentBauer,directoroftheUSComplementaryandIntegrativeMedicineProgramatMayoClinic,toldLiveScience.

[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了中国传统医疗方式拔火罐的实际疗效问题。

5．WhyisMichaelPhelpsmentionedinthepassage?

A．Togiveathletesanewwaytoswimfaster.

B．Toprovideathleteswithanewwayoftreatment.

C．Tointroducethetopiconcuppingtherapy.

D．Toshowswimmerssufferfromdisorders.

解析：

推理判断题。

根据文章前两段的整体内容可推知，提到运动员菲尔普斯是为了导入文章的话题，即拔火罐疗法是否有效，故选C。

答案：

C

6．ThepurposeofthetestbyresearchersfromGermanywasto.

A．promotethehealtheffectsofcuppingtherapy

B．seewhethercuppingtherapyhasaphysicaleffect

C．comparetraditionalcuppingwithsoftcupping

D．comparecuppingtherapy'seffectsondifferentgroupsofpeople

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第四段整体内容可知，实验的目的是验证拔火罐是否真的有效。

答案：

B

7．Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A．Differentpeopleneeddifferenttypesofcuppingtherapy.

B．Therealtreatmentandfalsetreatmentalmosthavethesameeffects.

C．Theresultsshowthatcuppingtherapyisnot

partofthetreatment.

D．Cuppingtherapyisonlyeffectivewhenusedwithlifestylechanging.

解析：

细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段的“Inbothgroups，patientsalsoexperiencedaboutthesamereductionsinpain.”可知，实验表明两种不同的拔火罐方法效果是一样的。

答案：

B

8．AccordingtoDrBrentBauer,cuppingtherapy.

A．isafastandeasytreatmentforpeopletocarryout

B．isanewlyinventedwaytocuresomediseases

C．needsalongperiodoftimetotakeeffect

D．canbeusedtogetherwithothertreatments

解析：

细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的“Butbecausethetreatmentisrelativelysafeanditcouldbehelpfulforsomepeople，thetherapycanbeusedaspartofacomprehensivetreatmentprograminvolvingotherexercises，nutritionalchoicesandlifestylechanging”可知，DrBrentBauer认为拔火罐可以和其他方法一起配合治疗。

答案：

D

C

DearAlcohol，

You'vebeenaroundforever.Icanrememberallthepainyou'vecausedme.

Doyourememberthenightwhenyoualmosttookmyfather'slife?

Ido.Helovesyou.SometimesIthinkhelovesyoumorethanhelovesme.He'saddictedtoyouandtothewayyoupromisetoridhimofhisproblemsonlytocausemoreofthem.You