考研英语二真题及答案.docx

考研英语二真题及答案.docx

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考研英语二真题及答案

2015年考研英语二真题及答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.（JOpoints）

Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith■-orevenlookingat—astrangerisvirtuallyunbearable.Everyonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyfiddlewiththeirphones,evenwithouta]underground.

Il'sasadreality—ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings—becausetheres2tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldn'tknowit.3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalarmorsendsthe4:

Pleasedon'tapproachme.”

Whatisit（hatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5ourscreens?

Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWbrtmaniKexecutivementalcoach.Wefearrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6asMcreepy/'Wefearwe'llbe7・Wefearwe'llbedisniptive.Strangersareinherently8tous,

sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintances.Toavoidthisanxiety,we10toourphones."Phonesbecomeoursecurityblanket/Wortmannsays.nTheyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11

ButonceweripofftheBand-Aid,tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup,itdoesn't12sobad.Inone2011experiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:

Starta13TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14."WhenDr.Epley

andMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howthey

wouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16wouldbe

morepleasantiftheysatontheirown."theNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidntexpectapositiveexperience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,Mnotasinglepersonreportedhavingbeensnubbed.11

18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecompiiredwiththosesanscommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.Itsthat20:

Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeel

connected.

1.[A]ticket

[B]permit

|C]signal

|D]record

2.[A]nothing

（B]link

[C]another

|D]much

3.[A]beaten

|B]guided

|C]plugged

|D]brought

4.|A|message

|B]cede

|C]notice

|D|sign

5.[A]under

|B]beyond

|C]behind

|D]from

6.[A]misinterpret

[B]misapplied

[C]niisadjusted

|D]mismatched

7.[A]fired

[B]judged

[C]replaced

|D]delayed

8.[A]unreasonable

|B]ungrateful

|C]unconventional|D]unfamiliar

9.[A]comfortable

|B]anxious

\C]confident

[D]angry

10.[A]attend

|B]point

|C]take

|D|turn

11.[A|dangerous

[B]mysterious

[C]violent

|D]boring

12.[A]hurt

|B]resist

（C]bend

|D]decay

13.[A]lecture

|B]conversation[C]debate

|D]negotiation

14.[A|trainees

[B]employees

|C]researchers

|D]passengers

15.[A|reveal

[B]choose

|C]predict

JD]design

16.[A]voyage

|B]flight

|C]walk

ID]ride

17.[A]wentthrough|B]didaway

|C]caughtup

|D]putup

18.[A]Inturn

|B]Inparticular[C]Infact

|D]Inconsequence

19.[A]unless

|B]since

|C]if

|D]whereas

20.[A]funny

|B]simple

|C]logical

|D]rare

SectionII

ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys,peopleareactuallymorestiessedathomethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople'scortisol,whichisastressmarker,whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.

“Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,"writesoneoftheresearchers.SarahDamske.Infactwomenevensaytheyfeelbetteratwork,shenotes."Itismen,notwomen,whoreportbeinghappierathomethanatwork.^Anothersurpriseisthatfindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrenandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypeoplewhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.

Whatthestudydoesn'tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhenthey'reathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,（heyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,and（hefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceamakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,it'snotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.

Butit'snotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwliatthey'resupposedtobedoing:

working,markingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure:

Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.

Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor:

theyneedtobetalked

intoit,orifthey'reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,they'reyourfamily.Ybucannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohomefromhome.

Soit'snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate.

21.AccordingtoParagraph1,mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome

[A]offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace

[B]wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement

[C]generatedmorestressthantheworkplace

|D|wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxation

22.AccordingtoDainaske,whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?

[A]Childlesswives

[B]Workingmothers

[C]Childlesshusbands

[D]Workingfathers

23.Theblurringofworkingwomen'srolesreferstothefactthat

[A]itisdifficultforthemtoleavelheiroffice

|B]theirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingback

[C]thereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehind

|D|theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives

24.ThewordamoolaM（Line49Para4）mostprobablymeans

[A]skills

[B]energy

[C]earnings

|D|nutrition

25.ThehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceInthat

[A]divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut

[B]homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironment

[C]householdtasksaregenerallymoremotivating

|D|familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewarded

Text!

Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated"aparadox'、inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationlias'"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose1-abachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperfonheominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.

Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach（whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram）canclose63percentoftheachievementgap（measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades）betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

8/8

Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students（whocompletedtheproject）atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegree.Mostofthefirst-generationsludents（59.1percent）wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastmeonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.

Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

Manyfirst-generationstudents"struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learntliecrulesofthegame/andtakeadvantageofcollegeresotuces/'theywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdon'ttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents*educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestmggliiigaiiddonotunderstandhowstudents'likethemcanimprove.

26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas

|A|reducedlheirdropoutrates

|B|narrowedtheachievementgap

[C]misseditsoriginalpurpose

[D]depressedcollegestudents

27.Theauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause

|A|theproblemissolvable

|B]theirapproachiscostless

[C]therecruitingratehasincreased

[D]theirfindingappealtostudents

28.Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents

[A]studyatprivateuniversities

|B]arefromsingle-