版高考英语人教版一轮复习课后达标检测选修7 1 Unit 1 Living well Word版含答案.docx
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版高考英语人教版一轮复习课后达标检测选修71Unit1LivingwellWord版含答案
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·南昌重点中学高三段考)
LauraSideswasapsychologymajorattheUniversityofNottinghamin2004.Shefirstnoticedsignsofherdad’sdevelopingdementia(痴呆)whenshemovedtoNottingham.Shesaid,“Dadwasadoctor,soheknewexactlywhatwashappeningtohim,butpeopletrytohideitwhentheyareill.Then,Icamehomeformy21stbirthdayandarrangedtomeethim,buthenevershowedupashe’dforgotten.That’swhenIknewsomethingseriouswashappening.”
So,aged21,shedecidedtoleaveuniversityandlookafterhimherself.Shelivedcloseby,poppingineverydaytomakesurehewaseating,andthatthehousewastidy,beforeheadingofftoherwork.
Besideschallengingmoments,thereweretimeswhenlookingafterherdadwasapurejoy.“We’dwakeup.I’daskhimwhathewantedtodothatday,andhoweverridiculoustheadventure,offwe’dgo.”
Sadly,in2009,5yearslater,Lauralostherfather.Beforehedied,Laurawenttoahospitalappointmentwithhim,wheredoctorsmentionedthathisformofAlzheimer’swasgenetic,meaningtherewasafiftyfiftychancethatshehadinheritedit.ForseveralyearsLauraagonisedoverwhethertobetested,finallyfindingoutinAugust2017thatshehastheAPPgene,meaningthat,likehim,shewilldeveloptheconditionwithinadecade.
Atfirst,shestruggled,feelingasifshelackedpurpose.Then,duringasleeplessnightinthesummerof2018,shedecidedataround2a.m.toenterthe2019LondonMarathonsponsoredbythecharitiesAlzheimer’sSocietyandAlzheimer’sResearchU.K.
ShehopedtostarttheconversationaroundearlyonsetAlzheimer’sandtoencouragepeopletotalkaboutitmoreopenly.“IrememberwhenDadwasill,peoplewouldn’tknowhowtoreactanditallfeltveryhiddenaway,butIwanttobehonestandopen.”Sheadded,“Themoreinformationwecanget,thelessofataboo(忌讳)thiswillfeel.Thatsaid,thesupportI’vereceivedsofaraftergoingpublichasbeenamazing—that’swhatiscarryingmethrough.”
【解题导语】 LauraSides在读大学期间,父亲患上了阿尔茨海默病,她休学悉心照料父亲直到他去世;后来她被医生告知自己在十年后也会患上同样的病。
短暂的痛苦之后,她便振作了起来,积极面对生活,参加马拉松比赛,并且进行阿尔茨海默病方面的公开演讲,鼓励人们公开谈论这种病,而不是回避它。
1.Lauranoticedherfather’sdementiawhen________.
A.herfathertoldherhisconditioninperson
B.peoplenearbyinformedherofherfather’scondition
C.herfatherforgothisownbirthdayparty
D.herfatherforgottoattendher21yearoldbirthdayparty
D 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段中的“Then,Icamehomeformy21stbirthday...That’swhenIknewsomethingseriouswashappening.”可知,Laura的父亲忘记参加女儿的21岁生日会,在那时Laura意识到父亲已患病,故选D。
2.Theunderlinedword“agonised”inparagraph4probablymeans“________”.
A.excited B.struggled
C.shockedD.delighted
B 解析:
词义猜测题。
根据上文中的“therewasafiftyfiftychancethatshehadinheritedit”可知,医生告知Laura,她有百分之五十的患病概率,并结合画线词所在句中的“whethertobetested”可知,此处表示Laura多年来苦苦思索是否去检查一下,与B项词义接近。
3.Laurastartedtheopentalkinthehopeof________.
A.gettingpeopletotalkaboutAlzheimer’sopenly
B.earningsomemoneytohelptreatherAlzheimer’s
C.makingherselfstrongertofightagainstAlzheimer’s
D.raisingfundsforcharitiesAlzheimer’sSocietyandAlzheimer’sResearchU.K.
A 解析:
细节理解题。
根据题干中的关键词opentalk定位到文章的最后一段。
根据该段首句“ShehopedtostarttheconversationaroundearlyonsetAlzheimer’sandtoencouragepeopletotalkaboutitmoreopenly.”可知,作者公开谈论阿尔茨海默病是为了鼓励人们公开谈论此病,故选A。
4.WhichwordscanbestdescribeLaura?
A.Caringandpositive.B.Carefulandhonest.
C.Patientandcautious.D.Devotedandmodest.
A 解析:
推理判断题。
通读全文内容可知,Laura在得知父亲患阿尔茨海默病后休学来悉心照料他直至他去世,后来得知自己也会得阿尔茨海默病后,挣扎后便振作起来,先是决定参加马拉松比赛,接着针对这种病进行公开演讲,鼓励人们更加公开地谈论它,而不是回避它。
由此可知,作者是一个关心他人且积极向上的人,故选A。
【难句分析】 Beforehedied,Laurawenttoahospitalappointmentwithhim,wheredoctorsmentionedthathisformofAlzheimer’swasgenetic,meaningtherewasafiftyfiftychancethatshehadinheritedit.
分析:
本句是一个主从复合句。
Before引导了一个时间状语从句;关系副词where引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词ahospitalappointment;该定语从句中,that引导宾语从句,作mentioned的宾语;meaning...shehadinheritedit是现在分词短语作伴随状语,其中therewasa...it是省略了连词that的宾语从句,且thatshehadinheritedit作chance的同位语。
译文:
在他去世前,劳拉陪他去医院,医生提到他的阿尔茨海默病是基因型的,这就意味着劳拉有百分之五十的概率遗传这个病。
B
(2020·郑州高三质检)Foraslongaswe’veknownaboutit,humanshavesearchedforacureforcancer.Acrosstheworld,countlessamountsoftimeandmoneyhavebeenspentonresearchingawaytostopthisterribledisease.Butnow,itseemsliketheanswercouldhavebeeninsideourownbodiesthewholetime.
Recently,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)intheU.S.,agovernmentagencythat’sresponsibleforhealthcare,approvedanewformofgenetherapythatcouldmeantheendofacertaintypeofcancer.
Thetherapyallowsscientiststo“train”theimmune(有免疫力的)cellsofsickpatientstofightleukemia—aformofbloodcancerthatmostlyaffectsyoungpeople.
Theexcitingnewtreatmentworksbyremovinghealthyimmunecellsfromthepatient,knownasTcells,whicharethenchangedtobeableto“huntdown”cancercells.
Thecellsarethenputbackintothepatientbeforetheybegintogetridofthepatient’sleukemiaovertime,similartohowthebodyfightsoffotherillnesses.
“Thisistrulyanexcitingnewdayforcancerpatients,”LouisJ.DeGennaro,presidentofTheLeukemia&LymphomaSociety,saidinanewsrelease.
Upuntilnow,alongandpainfulmarrowtransplant(骨髓移植)wastheonlyoptionformanyleukemiapatients.
Inthisprocedure,healthybloodcellsaretakenfromadonorandplacedintothesickpatient,whoalsohastogothroughchemotherapy(化疗)toallowtheirbodytoadjusttothenewcells.
Butwitharecoveryrateofaround83%—accordingtoanewsreleasepublishedbytheFDA—it’shopedthatthedaysofpainfultripstothehospital,orevendeath,areoverforleukemiasufferers.
“We’reenteringanewfrontierinmedicalinnovationwiththeabilitytoreprogramapatient’sowncellstoattackadeadlycancer,”FDArepresentativeScottGottliebsaidintherelease.“Newtechnologiessuchasgeneandcelltherapiesholdthepotentialtotransformmedicineandourabilitytotreatandevencuremanyincurableillnesses.”
【解题导语】 治愈癌症是医学界的难题,大量的时间和金钱投入到研究一种阻止这种可怕疾病的方法上。
现在一种新的基因疗法给人们带来了治愈白血病的希望。
该疗法通过培养病人体内的有免疫力的细胞来对抗白血病。
5.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?
A.Tocomparedifferentwaysofcuringleukemia.
B.Toreportonabreakthroughincancertreatment.
C.Toexplorethepotentialofgeneandcelltherapies.
D.Toshowscientists’effortsinsearchofacureforcancer.
B 解析:
写作意图题。
根据第二段“Recently,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)intheU.S.,agovernmentagencythat’sresponsibleforhealthcare,approvedanewformofgenetherapythatcouldmeantheendofacertaintypeofcancer.”并结合全文其他内容可知,本文主要介绍了治疗癌症的一项突破——一种新的基因疗法,故B项正确。
6.Howdoesthenewtreatmentforleukemiawork?
A.ByusingchangedTcellstodestroycancercells.
B.Byreplacingsickbloodcellswithhealthyones.
C.Byremovingsickbloodcellsduringamarrowtransplant.
D.Byusingchemotherapytoimprovethepatient’simmunesystem.
A 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第四段的内容可知,该疗法通过改变后的T细胞来对抗身体内的癌细胞,从而达到治疗目的。
7.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewtherapyforleukemiasufferers?
A.Itcansavethemmanymoretripstothehospital.
B.Itcanimprovetheirabilitytofightoffallkindsofcancer.
C.Itcangivethemabetterchanceofsurvivalandrecovery.
D.Itcanreducetheirpainintheprocessofthemarrowtransplant.
C 解析:
推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段“Butwitharecoveryrateofaround83%—accordingtoanewsreleasepublishedbytheFDA—it’shopedthatthedaysofpainfultripstothehospital,orevendeath,areoverforleukemiasufferers.”可知,根据美国食品和药物管理局发布的新闻,利用这一方法的白血病患者的治愈率约为83%,由此可知,这一方法有望给白血病患者带来更好的存活和康复机会,故C项正确。
8.WhatisScottGottlieb’sattitudetowardsgeneandcelltherapies?
A.Doubtful.B.Optimistic.
C.Worried.D.Casual.
B 解析:
观点态度题。
根据最后一段中ScottGottlieb所说的话“Newtechnologiessuchasgeneandcelltherapiesholdthepotentialtotransformmedicineandourabilitytotreatandevencuremanyincurableillnesses.”可知,ScottGottlieb认为,像基因和细胞疗法这样的新技术有可能改变医学,改变我们治疗甚至治愈许多无法治愈的疾病的能力。
由此可知,ScottGottlieb对基因和细胞疗法的态度是乐观的,故B项正确。
【难句分析】 Recently,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)intheU.S.,agovernmentagencythat’sresponsibleforhealthcare,approvedanewformofgenetherapythatcouldmeantheendofacertaintypeofcancer.
分析:
本句是一个主从复合句。
句中that’sresponsibleforhealthcare为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词agovernmentagency;thatcouldmeantheendofacertaintypeofcancer为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词anewformofgenetherapy,that在从句中作主语。
译文:
最近,美国食品和药物管理局,一个负责医疗的政府机构,批准了一项新的基因疗法,该疗法可能意味着某种类型的癌症的终结。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·新疆维吾尔自治区适应性测试)WhatIhavelearnedwithmythreeteensisthis:
whentheyaretestingmeandpushingthelimitsinawaythatfeelsmoreaggressivethannormalteenagebehavior,thisiswhentheyneedsomeextraloveand__1__.
Whenourkidsareyoungandaren’tableto__2__howtheyarefeeling,theytypicallybehaveinawaythatmakesitobviousthattheyaresad,__3__,ornotfeelinglikethemselves.Weparentstry__4__tohelpthemfeelbetter,whateverit__5__.Wewon’t__6__eventhoughwecan’tquiteunderstand.
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Notbecausetheydon’talwayswantto,__10__teenagersseemtothinktheycan__11__itontheirown;theythinktheir__12__won’tunderstand,ortheyaretooembarrassedtocometouswiththeir__13__ortalkaboutcertainsituations.ButI’vealsohadtorealizewhenmyteensaredisrespectful,theymightnotknowhowto__14__themselves.Evenasa43yearoldwomanIstill__15__withfindingthewordsorputtinganametomyfeelings.Imeanmyteensneedmeto__16__themtote