重庆普通专升本英语阅读理解要点分析.docx
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重庆普通专升本英语阅读理解要点分析
2010年重庆普通专升本英语阅读理解要点分析
阅读理解的问题可分为：
主题思想判断
细节定位
逻辑推理
1.主题思想判断
常见的问题为：
Thebesttitleforthepassageis_______.
Thispassagetalksmainlyabout________.
Themainideaofthispassageis…
Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss？
2.细节定位
when，where，who，why，how.常见的问题有：
Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingistrue？
Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowinginNOTtrue？
Accordingtothepassage，allofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT…？
Thepassagesuggeststhat…
How/When/Wheredoessomethinghappen？
3.逻辑推理
常见的问题为：
Fromthepassage，itcanbeinferredthat…
Thispassagehasprobablybeentakenfrom…
这类问题一般有三个特点：
1.不违背推理原则；2.推断条件充分；3.理解题的答案不明显。
如果问题中有了imply，suggest，infer等表示暗示意义的词时，解题时切不可把原文中已明确陈述的事实作为答案。
另外要特别注意文中出现的修饰语。
有些阅读考查学生的推理能力。
这类的问题一般不能从文章中直接找出答案，应该找到相关信息在文章中的位置，联系上下文进行推理。
如一篇文章中有这样的一句话：
Ifyoumakeafive-daytripacrosstheAtlanticOcean，yourshipentersadifferenttimezoneeveryday.
3.逻辑推理
Ifyoumakeafive-daytripacrosstheAtlanticOcean，yourshipentersadifferenttimezoneeveryday.
后面有一个问题：
FromthispassageitseemstruethattheAtlanticOcean_________.
A.isinonetimezone
B.isdividedintotwenty-fourzones
C.isdividedintofivetimezones
D.cannotbecrossedinfivedays
在阅读考试中，考生的常识和知识面与阅读能力同样重要，考生平时应该进行广泛阅读。
如在一篇谈到地球上时区划分的文章中有这样的一个问题：
Theinternationaldatelineisthenamefor_________.
A.thebeginningofanynewtimezone
B.anypointwheretimechangesbyonehour
C.thepointwhereanewdaybegins
D.anytimezoneinthePacificOcean
阅读理解的方法：
先不读文章、先去看问题，看一个问题、找相关的文章在什么地方。
Passage1
Mountaineeringisasportandnotagame.Therearenoman-maderules，asthereareforsuchgamesasgolfandfootball.Thereare，however，rulesofadifferentkindwhichitwouldbedangeroustoignore，butitisthisfreedomfromman-maderulesthatmakesmountaineeringattractivetomanypeople.Thosewhoclimbmountainsarefreetousetheirownmethods.
Ifwecomparemountaineeringandothermorefamiliarsports，wemightthinkthatonebigdifferenceisthatmountaineeringisnota“teamgame”。
Wemaywellbemistakeninthis.Thereare，itistrue，no“matches”between“teams”ofclimbers，butwhenclimbersareonarockface，linkedbyaropeonwhichtheirlivesmaydepend，thereisobviouslyteamwork……
Themountainclimberknowsthathemayhavetofightforcesthatarestrongerandmorepowerfulthanman.Hehastofightthenature.Hissportrequireshighmentalandphysicalqualities.
ItisnotunusualformenoffiftyorsixtytoclimbthehighestmountainsintheAlps.Theymaytakemoretimethanyoungermen，buttheyprobablyclimbwithmoreskillandlesswasteofeffortandtheycertainlyexperienceequalenjoyment.
1.Whichofthefollowingisnota“teamgame”？
A.Football.B.Volleyball.
C.Tennis.D.Mountaineering.
Mountaineering爬山
2.Toignoretherulesofmountaineeringwould______.
A.bedangerous
B.notdoanyharm
C.helptheclimberstoclimbfaster
D.givetheclimbersmorefreedominthecourseofclimbing
ignore忽略，忽视
dangerous危险的
3.Accordingtotheauthor，manypeopleareattractedbymountain-eeringbecause______.
A.itisbothdangerousandexciting
B.thereisgoldonsomemountainpeaks
C.itisthebestformofsport
D.itisasportfreefromman-maderules
attracted有兴趣的
freedom自由
4.Only_______canclimbthehighestmountainsintheAlps.
A.experiencedoldmen
B.youngpeople
C.thosewhohavehighmentalandphysicalqualities
D.strongsportsmen
Alps阿尔卑斯山
mental脑力的
5.Comparedwithyoungmen，oldclimbersofsixtymayclimbamountainwith______.
A.moreskill
B.lesstime
C.lessenjoyment
D.muchmorewasteofeffort
第一步：
先看问题
第二步：
找关键词
第三步：
先读懂问题，再读懂关键词所在的句子
第四步：
选项中的词和文章中的词有相近的关系
whoclimbmountains（这是一个定语从句，在这里修饰those）
每一段的第一句话是这段的主题句（topicsentence）
linkedbyaropeonwhich（定语从句，介词放在前面）
teamwork团对合作
thatarestrongerandmorepowerfulthanman（定语从句，修饰forces）
topicsentence（ItisnotunusualformenoffiftyorsixtytoclimbthehighestmountainsintheAlps.）
Passage2
Cananimalsbemadetoworkforus？
Somescientiststhinkthatonedayanimalsmaybetrainedtodoanumberofsimplejobsthatarenowdonebyhumanbeings.
Theypointoutthatatacircus，forexample，wemayseeelephants，monkeys，dogsandotheranimalsdoingquiteskillfulthings.Perhapsyouhaveseenthemonthetelevisionorinafilm.Ifyouwatchclosely，youmaynoticethatthetraineralwaysgivestheanimalapieceofcandyorapieceoffruitasareward.Thescientistssaythatmanydifferentanimalsmaybetrainedtodoanumberofsimplejobsiftheyknowtheywillgetrewardfordoingthem.
Ofcourse，asweknow，dogscanbeusedtoguardahouse，andsoldiersinbotholdandmoderntimeshaveusedgeesetogivewarningbymakingalotofnoisewhenastrangeroranenemycomesnear.Butitmaybepossibletotrainanimalstoworkinfactories，InRussia，forexample，pigeons，whicharebirdswithgoodeyesight，arebeingusedtowatchoutforfaultsinsmallsteelballsthatarebeingmadeinonefactory.Whenthepigeonseesaballwhichlooksdifferentfromothers，ittouchesasteelplatewithitsbeak（鸟嘴）。
Thisturnsonalighttowarnpeopleinthefactory.Atthesametimeafewseedsaregivenasareward.Ittakesthreetofiveweekstotrainapigeontodothisandonepigeoncaninspect3，000to4，000ballsanhour.
Apes（类人猿）havebeenusedinAmericaninhelpingtomakecars，andscientistsbelievethattheselargemonkeysmaybeonedaygathercropsandevendrivetrains.
1.Whatmadescientiststhinkanimalscanbemadetoworkforusoneday？
A.Animalsareveryskillfulatacircus.
B.Theyarebigandstrong.
C.Someanimalsareascleverashumanbeings.
D.Animalscanbetrainedbecausetheyliketogetsomethingasareward.
scientists科学家
Whatmadescientiststhink什么使得科学家认为什么anumberof+可数名词复数
reward报酬，奖励
2.Thetrainerusuallygivestheanimalapieceofcandyorfruit______.
A.whenitishungry
B.beforeitplaysatrick
C.whenitstartstoplayatrick
D.afterithasdonethetrick
skillfulthings在此相当于问题里面的trick（把戏，戏法）
3.The“reward”inthepassagemeans______.
A.anhonourgivenfordoingsomething
B.moneypaidfordoingsomething
C.attentionpaidtogoodconduct
D.somethinggiveninreturnforwork
honour荣誉
conductn行为，品行
v领导，指导
4.Manyanimalsmaybetrainedtodosimplejobsiftheyknow______.
A.whotheirtrainersare
B.theywillbepraisedbytheirtrainers
C.theywillgetareward
D.somethingdangerouswillhappentothem
dangerous危险的
5.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue？
A.Scientistsconsiderapesmaydrivetrainssomeday.
B.Apeshaveworkedinsomefactories.
C.Apesmayonedaybeusedtogathercrops.
D.Anapeisnotalargemonkey.
monkey猴子
geese鹅
makeanoise发出声音
watchout：
戒备、提防（可能发生的麻烦）
eg.Watchout！
There'sacarcoming.小心！
汽车来了。
Watchoutforsb./sth.：
警惕或注意某人（某事物）
eg.Thestaffwereaskedtowatchoutforforgedbanknotes.
已经要求职员留意伪钞。
whichlooksdifferentfromothers（定语从句，修饰前面的ball）
turnon开
Passage3
Wecannotfeelspeed.Butoursensesletusknowthatwearemoving.Weseethingsmovingpastusandfeelthatwearebeingshaken.Wecanfeelacceleration，anincreaseinspeed.Butwenoticeitforonlyashorttime.Forinstance，wefeelitduringthetakeoffrunofanairliner.
Wefeeltheplane'saccelerationbecauseourbodiesdonotgainspeedasfastastheseat.Actually，ourbodiesaretryingtostayinthesameplace，whiletheplaneiscarryingusforward.
Soontheplanereachesasteadyspeed.Then，becausethereisnolongeranychangeinspeed，thefeelingofforwardnotionstops.
1.Wecantellthatwearemovingby______.
A.watchingthingsmovepast
B.feelingthespeed
C.feelingourselvesbeingshaken
D.BothAandC
tell（在此处）分辨
2.Accelerationisthenamefor______.
A.anincreaseinspeed
B.asteadyspeed
C.anykindofmovement
D.themovementofaplane
acceleration加速度
increase增加
steady平稳的
3.Duringthetakeoffofaplane，wefeelthatwearebeing______.
A.thrownforwardB.pushedbackagainsttheseatC.liftedoutoftheseat
D.pusheddownintotheseat
forinstance举例，例如
airliner客机takeoff起飞liftout从……上面抬起来pushdown推下去，陷进去
4.Wefeeltheplane'saccelerationbecauseoutbodiesgainspeed______.
A.justasfastastheplaneB.fasterthantheplaneC.moreslowlythantheplane
D.beforetheplane
5.Thebesttitleforthisselectionis______.
A.TheTakeoffRunofanAirlinerB.OurFeelingofSpeed
C.TheAccelerationD.SpeedAcceleration
Passage4
Volcanoes（火山）havebeenerupting（爆发）ontheearthformillionsofyears.Morethanfivehundredstillerupttoday.Thesearecalledactivevolcanoes.Volcanoesarelocatedinbeltsorchains.Theyarefoundwheretheearth'scrust（外壳）isweak.Theweakspotsletthehotrockescapewhenthevolcanoerupts.
Manyvolcanobeltsaremountainrangesalongtheedgesofcontinents.OnebeltrunsalongthewesterncoastofSouthAmericaupthroughthewesternpartoftheUnitedStates.Othervolcanoesarefoundinoceanbasins.
Aboutthree-fifthsofallactivevolcanoesintheworldareinthePacificOcean.Manyofthesevolcanoeseruptunderthewater.TheHawaiianIslandswerebuiltbyvolcanoesthatbeganeruptingunderwaterandfinallyreachedthesurfaceoftheocean.
1.Theselectionsaysthataboutfivehundredvolcanoes______.
A.willeru
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