剑桥商务英语高级学生用书词汇.docx

剑桥商务英语高级学生用书词汇.docx

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剑桥商务英语高级学生用书词汇

Unit1aWorkroles

assist:

v.1、tohelpsbtodosth；2、tohelpsthtohappenmoreeasily；

adopt:

v.1、totakesbelse’schildintoyourfamilyandbecomeitslegalparent（s）；2、tostarttouseaparticularmethodortoshowaparticularattitudetowardssb/sth:

toformallyacceptasuggestionorpolicybyvoting；

specify:

v.tostatesth,especiallybygivinganexactmeasurement,time,exactinstructions,etc.；

static:

adj.notmoving,changingordeveloping:

n.[U]noiseorothereffectsthatdisturbradioortelevisionsignalsandarecausedbyparticularconditionsintheatmosphere；

interpret:

1、toexplainthemeaningofsth；2、todecidethatsthhasaparticularmeaningandtounderstanditinthisway

approach:

v.1、tocomeneartosb/sthindistanceortime；2、tospeaktosbaboutsth,especiallytoaskthemforsthortooffertodosth:

n.awayofdealingwithsb/sth;awayofdoingorthinkingaboutsthsuchasaproblemoratask；

abreast:

adv.abreast（ofsb/sth）nexttosb/sthandfacingthesameway；

prescribe:

v.（usedaboutapersonoranorganizationwithauthority）tosaywhatshouldbedoneorhowsthshouldbedone；

component:

n.oneofseveralpartsofwhichsthismade:

adj.[onlybeforen.]:

tobreaksthdownintoitscomponentparts；

approve:

v.1、tothinkthatsb/sthisgood,acceptableorsuitable；2、toofficiallyagreetoaplan,request,etc.；2、[oftenpassive]tosaythatsthisgoodenoughtobeused,oriscorrect；

initiat:

v.1、tomakesthbegin；2、initiatesb（intosth）toexplainsthtosband/ormakethemexperienceitforthefirsttime；3、initiatesb（intosth）tomakesbamemberofaparticulargroup,especiallyaspartofasecretceremony；n.apersonwhohasbeenallowedtojoinaparticulargroup,organization,orreligionandislearningitsrulesandsecrets.

procedure:

n.1、[C, U]awayofdoingsth,especiallytheusualorcorrectway:

2、[U]theofficialorformalorderorwayofdoingsth,especiallyinbusiness,laworpolitics；

reaction:

n.1、whatyoudo,sayorthinkasaresultofsththathashappened；2、reaction（againststh）achangeinpeople’sattitudesorbehaviourcausedbydisapprovaloftheattitudes,etc.ofthepast；3、oppositiontosocialorpoliticalprogressorchange:

occupancy:

n.theactoflivinginorusingabuilding,room,pieceofland,etc.:

incidental:

adj.happeninginconnectionwithsthelse,butnotasimportantasit,ornotintended；n.somethingthathappensinconnectionwithsthelse,butislessimportant:

undertake:

v.1、tomakeyourselfresponsibleforsthandstartdoingit；2、toagreeorpromisethatyouwilldosth:

revise:

v.1、tochangeyouropinionsorplans,forexamplebecauseofsthyouhavelearned；2、tochangesth,suchasabookoranestimate,inordertocorrectorimproveit:

demand:

n.1、averyfirmrequestforsth;sththatsbneeds:

2、thingsthatsb/sthmakesyoudo,especiallythingsthataredifficult,makeyoutired,worried,etc.:

3、thedesireorneedofcustomersforgoodsorserviceswhichtheywanttobuyoruse:

presence:

n.1、（ofaperson）thefactofbeinginaparticularplace；2、（ofathingorasubstance）thefactofbeinginaparticularplaceorthing；3、thequalityofmakingastrongimpressiononotherpeoplebythewayyoutalkorbehave:

summarise:

v.togiveasummaryofsth（=astatementofthemainpoints）；

appropriate:

adj.appropriate（for / tosth）suitable,acceptableorcorrectfortheparticularcircumstances；v.1、totakesth,sb’sideas,etc.foryourownuse,especiallyillegallyorwithoutpermission:

2、totakeorgivesth,especiallymoneyforaparticularpurpose:

preception:

n.1、thewayyounoticethings,especiallywiththesenses；2、theabilitytounderstandthetruenatureofsth；

assign:

v.1、togivesbsththattheycanuse,orsomeworkorresponsibility；2、toprovideapersonforaparticulartaskorposition；3、tosendapersontoworkundertheauthorityofsborinaparticulargroup；4、tosaythatsthhasaparticularvalueorfunction,orhappensataparticulartimeorplace；5、tosaythatyourpropertyorrightsnowbelongtosbelse；

motivate:

v.1、[oftenpassive]tobethereasonwhysbdoessthorbehavesinaparticularway；2、tomakesbwanttodosth,especiallysththatinvolveshardworkandeffort；3、togivereasonsforsththatyouhavestated；

disparity:

n.adifference,especiallyoneconnectedwithunfairtreatment；

expectation:

n.abeliefthatsthwillhappenbecauseitislikely；

explicit:

adj.（ofastatementorpieceofwriting）clearandeasytounderstand:

illustrate:

v.1、[usuallypassive]illustratesth（withsth）tousepictures,photographs,diagrams,etc.inabook,etc.；2、tomakethemeaningofsthclearerbyusingexamples,pictures,etc.；3、toshowthatsthistrueorthatasituationexists；

compatible:

adj.1、（ofmachines,especiallycomputers）abletobeusedtogether；2、（ofideas,methodsorthings）abletoexistorbeusedtogetherwithoutcausingproblems；3、iftwopeoplearecompatible,theycanhaveagoodrelationshipbecausetheyhavesimilarideas,interests,etc；

distinguish:

v.distinguish（between）AandB|distinguishAfromBtorecognizethedifferencebetweentwopeopleorthings；

specification：

n.规定，说明infringement：

n.侵权peichart：

饼分图，圆形分析图worksetcolour：

定工色牌re-align：

v.重新调整peakoccupancy：

（酒店）入住高峰期hierarchy：

n.等级制的公司superior：

n.上级clockinandout：

记录上下班时间jet：

vi.乘喷气式飞机飞行ahugesay：

有很大发言权initiative：

n.主动权workshop：

研讨班、培训班perception：

n.认识，观念，看法attribut：

n.品质，特性screen：

n.筛选，审查

Unit1bCompanystructure

represent:

v.1、[oftenpassive]tobeamemberofagroupofpeopleandactorspeakontheirbehalfatanevent,ameeting,etc.；2、toactorspeakofficiallyforsbanddefendtheirinterests；3、[nopassive]tobeanexampleorexpressionofsth；

hierarchical:

adj.arrangedinahierarchy；

hierarchy：

n.asystem,especiallyinasocietyoranorganization,inwhichpeopleareorganizedintodifferentlevelsofimportancefromhighesttolowest:

entrepreneur：

n.personwhomakesmoneybystartingorrunningbusinesses,especiallywhenthisinvolvestakingfinancialrisks；

entrepreneurial:

entrepreneurialskills；

feasible:

adj.thatispossibleandlikelytobeachieved

nimble:

adj.abletomovequicklyandeasily

sizeable:

adj.fairlylarge；

responsive：

adj.[notusuallybeforenoun]reactingquicklyandinapositiveway:

responsiveness:

n.responsively：

adv.

inherent:

adj.thatisabasicorpermanentpartofsb/sthandthatcannotberemoved；

sequential:

adj.followinginorderoftimeorplace；

supervise：

v.tobeinchargeofsb/sthandmakesurethateverythingisdonecorrectly,safely,etc.；supervision:

n.

hampere:

v.todiscussaplan,anidea,etc.untileveryoneagreesoradecisionismad；

relatively:

adv.toafairlylargedegree,especiallyincomparisontosthelse；

stable:

adj.firmlyfixed;notlikelytomove,changeorfail；n.agroupofpeoplewhoworkortrainedinthesameplace;agroupofproductsmadebythesamecompany

complexity:

n.thestateofbeingformedofmanyparts;thestateofbeingdifficulttounderstand；

refine:

v.1、tomakeasubstancepurebytakingothersubstancesoutofit；2、toimprovesthbymakingsmallchangestoit

perspective:

n.1、aparticularattitudetowardssth;awayofthinkingaboutsth；2、theabilitytothinkaboutproblemsanddecisionsinareasonablewaywithoutexaggeratingtheirimportance；3、[U]theartofcreatinganeffectofdepthanddistanceinapicturebyrepresentingpeopleandthingsthatarefarawayasbeingsmallerthanthosethatarenearerthefront；4、[C]aview,especiallyoneinwhichyoucanseefarintothedistance。

agile：

adj.1、abletomovequicklyandeasily；2、abletothinkquicklyandinanintelligentway；agility:

n.

collaboration:

n.1、[U, C]collaboration（withsb）（onsth）|collaboration（betweenAandB）theactofworkingwithanotherpersonorgroupofpeopletocreateorproducesth；2、[C]apieceofworkproducedbytwoormorepeopleorgroupsofpeopleworkingtogether；3、[U]（disapproving）theactofhelpingtheenemyduringawarwhentheyhavetakencontrolofyourcountry；

detrimental：

adj.（tosb/sth）harmful；departmentaly:

adv.

tense:

adj.（ofasituation,anevent,aperiodoftime,etc.）inwhichpeoplehavestrongfeelingssuchasworry,anger,etc.thatoftencannotbeexpressedopenly；

flatmanagementstructure：

扁平化的管理机构competitiveadvantage：

竞争优势establishcompany：

知名企业，著名企业start-up：

新兴公司，新创办的公司responsiveness：

n.快速反应能力real-time：

adj.同时的，实时的departmentalize：

vt.按部门划分，部门化productlifecycle：

产品寿命周期teleworker：

n.采用电子化办公方式的员工，在家办公的员工

Self-study1a

initial:

adj.[onlybeforenoun]happeningatthebeginning;first；

ambiguity:

n.1、[U]thestateofhavingmorethanonepossiblemeaning；2、[C]awordorstatementthatcanbeunderstoodinmorethanoneway；3、[C, U]thestateofbeingdifficulttounderstandorexplainbecauseofinvolvingmanydifferentaspects；

clarify:

v.tomakesthcleareroreasiertounderstand；tomakesth,especiallybutter,purebyheatingit；

Self-study1b

standardise:

v.tomakeobjectsoractivitiesofthesametypehavethesamefeaturesorqualities;tomakesthstandard;

variety:

n.severaldifferentsortsofthesamething；varied:

adj.ofmanydifferenttypes;

Exampractice

conservative:

adj.1、opposedtogreatorsuddensocialchange;showingthatyouprefertraditionalstylesandvalues；2、（ofanestimate）lowerthanwhatisprobablytherealamountornumber；

dramatic:

adj.1、（ofachange,anevent,etc.）sudden,verygreatandoftensurprising；2、excitingandimpressive；

revival:

n.1、animprovementintheconditionorstrengthofsth；2、theprocessofsthbecomingorbeingmadepopularorfashionableagain；

embark:

v.togetontoaship;toputsthontoaship；

ambitious:

adj.1、determinedtobesuccessful,rich,