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高一英语阅读理解试题科技类doc
高一英语阅读理解试题(科技类)
(1)
Thecomputerisausefulmachine.Itisthemostimportantinventioninmanyyears.Theoldestkindofcomputeristheabacus(算盘),usedinChinacenturiesago,butthefirstlarge,moderncomputerwasbuiltin1946.Acomputerthencoulddomathsproblemsquitefast.
Todaycomputersareusedinmanywaysandcandomanykindsofwork.Inafewyearsthecomputermaytouchthelifeofeveryone,evenpeopleinfarawayvillages.
Inthelastfewyears,therehavebeengreatchangesincomputers.Theyaregettingsmallerandsmaller,andcomputingfasterandfaster,Manyscientistsagreethatcomputerscannowdomanythings,buttheycannotdoeverything.Whoknowswhatthecomputersoftomorrowwillbelike?
Willcomputersbringgoodthingsorbadthingstopeople?
Thescientistsoftodaywillhavetodecidehowtousethecomputersoftomorrow.
1.Thecomputerisa_______machine.
A.helpfulB.strangeC.largeD.dangerous
2.Thefirstlarge,moderncomputerwasbuiltabout_______yearsago.
A.afewB.fortyC.sixtyD.eighty
3.Thecomputersoftodayare_______thanbefore.
A.biggerB.fewerC.smallerD.taller
4.Computerscando_______.
A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.lotsofthings
5.Thescientistsoftoday_______howtousethecomputersoftomorrow.
A.maydecideB.mustdecideC.canmakeD.needn’tmake
【答案与解析】本文讲计算机的发展历史。
1.A。
细节题。
根据据第1句话Thecomputerisausefulmachine可知答案为A。
2.C。
推断题。
第一台计算机是1946年生产的,距今大约60年,所以应选C。
3.C。
细节题。
根据第3段第2句Theyaregettingsmallerandsmaller可知答案为C。
4.D。
推断题。
根据第2段第1句Todaycomputersareusedinmanywaysandcandomanykindsofwork以及…buttheycannotdoeverything可知答案为D。
5.B。
细节题。
根据最后一句话Thescientistsoftodaywillhavetodecidehowtousethecomputersoftomorrow可知答案为B。
(2)
Warmwaterfreezesmorequicklythancoldwater.SirFrancisBaconsaidthatalmostfourhundredyearsago.Butfewpeoplebelievedhimuntil1970.InthatyearaCanadianscientistGeorgeKillprovedtheEnglishprofessorwasright.DrKillfilledanopenoilpail(桶)withcoldwater.Hefilledanotherwithwarmwater.Heputbothinthesamelowtemperature.Thewarmwaterfrozefirst.Thelackofcoversonthepailsisthesecret.Someofthewarmwaterchangedintovapor.Thismeantthatlessofthewarmwaterwaslefttobefrozen.Andsothewarmwaterfrozefasterthanthecoldwatereventhoughithadagreatertemperaturedroptomake.
1.Hundredsofyearsago,SirFrancisBaconfound_______.
A.thetemperatureofwarmwaterdropsfasterthanthatofcoldwater
B.warmwaterisheavierthancoldwater
C.warmwaterhasthesametemperatureascoldwater
D.warmwaterisnotasusefulascoldwater
2.WhatSirFrancisBaconsaidwasright,butpeopledidn'tbelievehimuntil_______.
A.lateinthe20thcenturyB.earlyinthe20thcentury
C.threeyearsagoD.lateinthe19thcentury
3.Leaveapailwithwarmwaterandanotherpailwithcoldwaterinthesamelowtemperature,you’llfindthat_______.
A.coldwaterfreezesfirst
B.warmwaterturnsintoicebeforecoldwater
C.warmwaterandcoldwaterfreezeatthesametime
D.muchofcoldwaterischangedintoair.
4.Whydoeswarmwaterfreezefirstinthesamefreezingweather?
A.Becausesomeofthewarmwaterturnstovapor,theamount(数量)becomeslessthanthatofcoldwater.
B.Becausewarmwaterislighterthancoldwater.
C.Becausethetemperatureofwarmwaterislowerthanthatofcoldwater.
D.Becausecoldwaterfreezeswithmoredifficultythanwarmwater.
【答案与解析】本文介绍热水比冷水结冰快的现象。
1.A。
细节题。
据第1句和第2句可知答案为A。
2.A。
细节题。
根据Butfewpeoplebelievehimuntil1970可知答案为A。
3.B。
细节题。
根据文章第1句可得得答案为B。
4.A。
推断题。
根据Someofthewarmwaterchangedintovapor.Thismeantthatlessofthewarmwaterwaslefttobefrozen可知答案为A。
(3)
Ifyoudonotuseyourarmoryourlegsforsometime,theybecomeweak;whenyoustartusingthemagain,theyslowlybecomestrongagain.Everybodyknowsthat.Yetmanypeopledonotseemtoknowthatmemoryworksinthesameway.Whensomeonesaysthathehasagoodmemory,hereallymeansthathekeepshismemoryinpracticebyusingit.Whensomeoneelsesaysthathismemoryispoor,hereallymeansthathedoesnotgiveitenoughchancetobecomestrong.Ifafriendsaysthathisarmsandlegsareweak,weknowthatitishisownfault(过错).Butifhetellsusthathehasapoormemory,manyofusthinkthathisparentsaretoblame(受责备),andfewofusknowthatitisjusthisownfault.Haveyoueverfoundthatsomepeoplecan’treadorwritebutusuallytheyhavebettermemories?
Thisisbecausetheycannotreadorwriteandtheyhavetorememberthings;theycannotwritedowninalittlenotebook.Theyhavetorememberdays,names,songsandstories;sotheirmemoryisthewholetimebeingexercised.Soifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory,learnfromthepeople:
Practiceremembering.
1.Themainreasonforoneispoormemoryisthat_______.
A.hisfatherormothermayhaveapoormemory
B.Hedoesnotusehisnameorlegsforsometime
C.hismemoryisnotoftenused
D.hecan’treadorwrite
2.Ifyoudonotuseyourarmsorlegsforsometime_______.
A.youcan’tusethemanymore
B.theywillbecomestronger
C.theybecomeweakandwon’tbecomestronguntilyouusethemagain.
D.theywillbecomeneitherstrongernorweaker
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Yourmemoryworksinthesamewayasyourarmsorlegs.
B.Yourmemory,likeyourarmsorlegs,becomesweakifyoudon’tgiveitenoughchanceforpractice.
C.Don’tlearnhowtoreadandwriteifyouwanttohaveabettermemory.
D.Agoodmemorycomesfrommorepractice.
4.Somepeoplecan’treadorwrite,buttheyusuallyhavebettermemories,because_______.
A.theyhavesavemuchtrouble
B.theyhavesavedmuchtimetorememberthings
C.theyhavetousetheirmemoriesallthetime
D.theycan’twriteeverythinginalittlenotebook
5.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.Don’tStopUsingYourArmsOrLegs
B.HowToHaveaGoodMemory
C.StrongArmsAndGoodMemories
D.LearnFromthePeople
【答案与解析】本文讲述有关记忆力的一些知识。
1.C。
推断题。
根据Whensomeonesaysthathehasagoodmemory,hereallymeansthathekeepshismemoryinpracticebyusingit可推出答案为C。
2.C。
根据Whenyoustartusingthemagaintheyslowlybecomestrongagain可知答案为C。
3.C。
根据文章内容,A、B、D项均正确,只有C项错误,所以选择C。
4.C。
根据Thisisbecausetheycannotreadorwriteandtheyhavetorememberthings和…sotheirmemoryisthewholetimebeingexercised可知答案为C。
5.B。
本文主要讲记忆力不是天生的,而是靠后天培养的,所以应该选择B。
(4)
WhenJohnsoncalledagain,themanagerreceivedhimverypolitely.“Thatisamostremarkableoilyoubroughtus,MrJohnson,”hesaid.Johnsonnoddedhissmooth,darkhead.Thatwassomethingheknewverywell.“I’veneverseenanythinglikeit,”themanageradmitted.Johnsonnoddedagain.“No?
”hesaidpolitely.Thenheadded,“ButIthinkyouwill,sir.Averygreatdealofit.”Heappearedtothinkforamoment.“Ithinkyouwillfinditwillbeonsaleseven,perhaps,eightyearsfromnow.”Hesmiled.
Themanagerthoughtthatwasuncertain.Hesaid,“Itisbetterthanourfishoils.Iadmitthat.”
“SoIamtold,sir,”agreedJohnson.
“Haveyouanyplanstoproduceityourself,MrJohnson?
”
“WouldIbeshowingittoyouifIhad?
”Johnsonsmiledagain.
“Wemightaddsomechemicalstooneofourownfishoils,”saidthemanager.“Itwouldbeexpensivetodothat,evenifyoucould,”Johnsonsaidgently.“Besides,”headded,“Iamtoldthatthisoilwillbemuchcheaperthanyourbestfishoils.Cheaperthananyvegetableoil,infact.”
“Perhaps,”saidthemanage.“Well,Isupposeyouwanttomakeanarrangement,MrJohnson.Shallwediscussit?
”
“Ofcourse,”saidJohnson.“Therearetwowaysofdealingwithasituationofthissort.Theusualoneistopreventitaltogetheroratleasttodelayitaslongaspossible.Thatis,ofcourse,thebestway.”Themanagernodded.Heknewplentyaboutallthat.
“ButIamsosorryforyou,because,yousee,thatisnotpossiblethistime.”Themanagerhadhisdoubts,butallhesaidwasaninquiring(asking),“Oh?
”
“Theotherway,”continuedJohnson,“istoproduceyourselfbeforethetroublestarts.”
1.Themanagerthoughtofaddingchemicalstothefishoiltomakeit_______.
A.cheaperthanthenewoilB.morequickly
C.moreexpensiveD.asgoodasthenewoil
2.Johnson’snewoilwouldbe_______.
A.moreexpensivethanfishoil,butbetter
B.lessexpensive,andbetter
C.lessexpensive,butnotgood
D.moreexpensive,andnotsogood
3.Johnsonexpressedhisregretthatthemanager_______.
A.couldnotstopthenewoilbeingmade
B.wouldneverknowhowtomakeit
C.hadspentalotofmoneyonit
D.didn’tknowenoughaboutit
4.Johnsonshowedhisnewoiltothemanagerbecausehewanted_______.
A.toproduceithimselfB.topreventitbeingproduced
C.tobepaidnottoproduceitD.themanagertoproduceit
【答案解析】本文讲述了科技产品开发者寻求生产商投资生产的问题。
1.D。
细节题。
根据第2段…Itisbetterthanourfishoils和第6段…Wemightaddsomechemicalstoourownfishoils可知它的目的是D。
2.B。
细节题。
根据第6段的…thisoilwillbemuchcheaperthanyourbestfishoils和第2段的…Itisbetterthanourfishoils可推知答案为B。
3.A。
细节题。
根据倒数第2段ButIamsosorryforyou,because,yousee,thatisnotpossiblethistime可知D为正确选项。
4.D。
推断题。
根据最后一段及全文的分析可知Johnson的目的是想要该经理生产…thenewoils,故选D。
(5)
Canyourememberthefirsttimeyoulearnedtorideabikeordriveacar?
Learningtheseskillschangedyourlifeforeverandopenedupnewhorizons.Learningaboutcomputerscanbelikelearninghowtorideabikeordriveacar.Onceyouhaveinvestedthetimetomastertheskills,youwillnevergobacktotheolddays.Thenewtechnologyissimplytooconvenientandtoopowe