对抗室外申请立项环境下nlos误差的toa无线定位迭代算法无线定位优化.docx

对抗室外申请立项环境下nlos误差的toa无线定位迭代算法无线定位优化.docx

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对抗室外申请立项环境下nlos误差的toa无线定位迭代算法无线定位优化

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xxxx大学

毕业论文

题目：

对抗室外环境下NLOS误差的TOA无

线定位迭代算法

学院信息科学与工程学院

专业班级通信工程1班

届次

学生姓名

学号

指导教师

二O一四年六月十四日

装

订

线

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目录

1绪论1

1.1无线定位技术的简介1

1.1.1无线定位的概述2

1.1.2无线定位技术的发展过程2

2无线定位技术的原理及算法介绍4

2.1无线定位技术的工作原理4

2.2基于TOA测距算法介绍5

2.2.1最小均方（LS）算法【1】6

2.2.2近似最大似然估计（AML）算法【1】7

2.2.3残差加权（Rwgh）算法【1】8

2.2.4残差检测（RT）算法【1】9

3基于TOA的新算法的思路与设计11

3.1新算法的思路11

3.1.1牛顿迭代算法11

3.1.2高斯牛顿迭代法11

3.1.3最速下降法12

3.2TOA新算法设计与说明12

3.2.1TOA算法设计12

3.2.2TOA算法说明12

4算法仿真与结果分析14

4.1算法仿真过程14

4.2仿真结果分析16

5TOA算法展望【2】18

参考文献19

致谢20

附录21

Contents

1Foreword··················································································1

1.1TheintroductionofWirelesspositioningtechnology··············································2

1.1.1Overviewofwirelesspositioningtechnology···············································2

1.1.2Thehistoryofwirelesspositioningtechnology···············································2

2Theprincipleandalgorithmofwirelesspositioningtechnology···············5

2.1Thetechnologyindicatorsofdigitaloscilloscope···········································5

2.2BasedonTOArangingalgorithm·······················································6

2.2.1LSalgorithm·······················································6

2.2.2AMLalgorithm·······················································6

2.2.3RWGHalgorithm·······················································6

2.2.4RTalgorithm·······················································6

3ThinkinganddesignofnewalgorithmbasedonTOA·····················13

3.1Thenewmethodofthinking·······································································13

3.1.1Newton-Raphsonmethod········································································13

3.1.2Gauss-Newtonmethod···································································13

3.1.3Steepestdescentmethod········································································13

3.2Newalgorithmdesignanddescription·························································17

3.2.1Algorithmdesign·············································································13

3.2.2ThesimulationsoftwareofPROTEUS···················································17

3.2.2PROTEUSplatformusingsimulationsystem···········································18

4Algorithmsimulationandresultanalysis································20

4.1Algorithmsimulationprocess····································································20

4.2Simulationresultanalysis··········································································20

5TOAalgorithmprospect·······················································22

References·················································································24

Acknowledgments·······································································25

Appendix··················································································26

对抗室外环境下NLOS误差的TOA无线定位迭代算法

【摘要】通过测量基站3条以上路径移动站的信号的到达时间（TOA）,可以对移动站进行定位。

然而信道的时间和空间的变化所导致非视距（NLOS）传输导致无线定位技术面临的巨大困难,信号的非视距传输却极大地影响了TOA定位算法的定位精度，不同的定位算法在不同的环境条件下获得的定位精度也是不同的。

传统的TOA定位算法有包括最小均方算法

、最大似然估计算法

、残差加权

和残差检测算法

。

本文也提出一种在非视距环境下克服NLOS误差的新的算法思路。

以迭代法为主不断逼近准确值，达到减小误差的目的。

【关键词】非视距，TOA、迭代、凸松弛

NLOSErrorMitigationforTOA-BasedLocalizationviaIterative

【Abstract】ThelocationofMScanbegotaccordingtothreeormorearrivaltimeofsignalsfromMStoBS.But,theaccuracyofTOA（timeofarrival）isinfluencedbythenon-line-of-sight（NLOS）transmission.TheNLOStransmissionofthesignalaffectstheaccuracyoftheTOA,andthedifferentpositioningaccuracyofthepositioningalgorithmisalsodifferentindifferentenvironmentconditions.ThetraditionalTOAlocalizationalgorithmincludesLSalgorithm,theAMLalgorithm,theRWGHalgorithmandtheRTalgorithm.ThispaperalsoproposesanewalgorithmforovercomingtheNLOSerrorintheNLOSenvironment.SimulationresultsshowthattheproposedlocationalgorithmcanrestrainNLOSerroreffectively,andhasbetterlocationaccuracythanthetraditionallocationalgorithms.

【Keywords】NLOS,TimeofArrival，Iterative，ConvexRelaxation

1绪论

　对移动台的定位是无线通信业务提供商的一项基本业务，自从1996年美国FCC提出第一个紧急呼救检测的条款以来，对移动目标的定位已经引起了人们的极大关注。

如今，手机等移动终端大量普及，它们的各种应用都有定位的请求。

如地图，团购等客户端。

同时，无线定位技术在公共安全服务（如紧急医疗、紧急定位、紧急报警服务）、犯罪侦查、蜂窝系统设计、动态资源管理、基于位置的信息服务、车辆及船舶管理、导航和智能交通系统等方面的应用非常广泛【16】。

因而定位的准确度是决定此类软件服务好坏的重要条件。

因此，我们迫切的需要找到适合的方法来满足高度精确定位需求。

首先，提高定位的精确度，可以提高民众生活的便利性，可以精确的指导出行，减少了出行成本;其次，也为野外救援，抗震救灾打下了坚实的技术支持，为生命提供了生存的可能;最后，高精度的定位也为军事，矿产，农业等领域的提供了便利。

使打击目标更加精确；使井下人员活动情况得到了解；使农业病虫害更加精确防治。

当前，移动站的无线定位方法主要包括：

基于信号到达时间的（TOA）、基于信号到达时间差的（TDOA）、基于信号到达角度的（AOA）和基于到达信号强度的（RSSI）4种方法。

基于上述各参量的定位技术各