中考英语考纲重点词汇用法总结.docx
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中考英语考纲重点词汇用法总结
英语考纲重点词汇用法总结
n.名词pron.代词adj.形容词adv.副词v.动词vi.不vt.及物动词
prep.介词conj.连词interj.感叹词
A
1.ableunableabilityn.disablevt.使残废disabledadj.残废的
2.aboutbeabouttodosth.即将做......
3.above---belowover---under
4.accept~AasB把A当作B接受/接纳cf.receive
5.accidentaccidentaladj.偶然的;偶发的by~/chance偶然地
6.achen./vi.toothachebackacheheadache
7.across---throughacrosstheworld=allovertheworld
8.actv./n.actionn.activeadj.activelyadv.activityn.活动
actas...扮演;充当beactivein...=takeanactivepartin...积极参加act...out表演出
9.actualadj.actuallyadv.事实上
10.addv.additionn.additionaladj.附加的;额外的
addtosth.增强addAtoB把A加到B上去add...up把......加起来
adduptosth.合计为;意思是inaddition=what’smore=besides而且
11.admirevt.admirationn.admirern.~sb.forsth因......钦佩某人inadmiration钦佩地
12.admitvt.承认;录取admissionn.admittedadmitting
admitdoingsth.beadmittedintoacollege被......录取
13.advancev.advancedadj.先进的;高级的in~=aheadoftime提前
14.adviceu.n.advisevt.givesb.adviceonsth.advisesb.todosth./advisedoingsth.
cf.advise与persuade
15.affairn.事物family/foreign/love~s
16.affordvt.can~(todo)sth.
17.afraidadj.I’m~so/not.恐怕是这样/不是这样。
18.African.Africann./adj.Asia---AsianAmerica---AmericanEurope---European
Australia---AustralianAustria---Austrian奥地利人(的)Canada---Canadian
19.again~and~=overandover=timeandagain反复地once~=oncemore=~又一次
20.threeyearsago(一般过去时)threeyearsbefore(过去完成时)
21.agreevt.agreementn.协议agreeableadj.可爱的
~tosth.同意某事~onsth(经讨论)达成共识~withsb.同意某人
eto/arriveat/reachanagreement达成协议
22.agriculturen.agriculturaladj.industry---industrial
23.aimn./v.~at...瞄准;意思是
24.aliveadj.(表语形容词)eatsth~burysb.~catchsb.~
Cf.living活着的live现场直播的lively活泼的
25.airn.inthe~在空中onthe~在播出by~乘飞机
26.allowvt.allowancen.补助金;补贴
~sb.todosth.~doingsth.~for...考虑到;酌量Smokingisnot~edhere.
27.almostadv.几乎(可接否定词)nearlyadv.(不接否定词)Ihaveseenalmostnosuchbookbefore.
28.aloneadj./adv.独自的;单独的lonelyadj.寂寞的;孤独的
29.alongadv./prep.all~=allthetime一直
30.althoughconj.虽然;尽管thoughconj.虽然;尽管thoughadv.尽管如此(句末)
31.angern.angryadj.hungern.hungryadj.
32.announcevt.announcementn.makeanannouncement
33.anotherpron.oneafter~=onebyoneanotherthreechairs=threemore/otherchairs
34.alwaysadv.for~/good/ever永远Heis~talkinginclass.(反感)Heis~askingcleverquestions.(赞扬)
35.answern./v.the~tothequestionin~to响应;回答
~thedoor/phone/letter~for=beresponsiblefor为......负责
36.anxiousadj.急切的;焦虑的anxietyn.
be~todosth.迫切要去做......be~about..=worryabout/beworriedabout...担心
Heistoo~toleavethelonelyisland.(too...to与anxious连用不表示否定)
37.any常用在否定句、疑问句、条件句中etomeifyouhaveanyquestion.
no=notany全否Hehasnobrothers.=Hehasnotanybrothers.
38.apologize/apologisev.道歉apologyn.
~tosb.fordoingsth.=makeanapologytosb.fordoingsth.因某事向某人道歉
39.arguev.辩论;说服argumentn.~withsb.aboutsth.cf.debatequarrel
40.armn.armsn.武器;怀抱takesb.bythe~拉住某人的胳膊~in~
carrysthinone’s~s抱着......~ssale军火销售bearmedtotheteeth武装到牙齿
41.armyn.军队;群an~ofants一大群蚂蚁
42.arrivevi.到达arrivaln.~ataconclusion得出结论~atanagreement达成协议~at/insp.
cf.reachvt.evi.
43.artn.artistn.artisticadj.艺术的artificialadj.人工的;人造的fine~s美术
44.articlen.文章;件an~ofclothing/furniture
45.asprep.作为work~...serve~...act~...befamous~...useA~B
accept/regard/treat/consider/thinkof/lookat/takeA~B把A当作B
~itis事实上mistakeA~B误以为A是B
asconj.按照;像Dance~Ishowedyou.
asconj.随着;一边......一边Astimegoesby,hehasetoloveNingboashissecondhometown.
Heusuallydoeshishomework~helistenstomusic.
asconj.虽然;尽管(倒装语序)Clever~youare,youhavetoworkhardertofulfillyourdream.
Fast~yourun,youcan’tcatchmeup.=Run~youmay,youcan’tcatchmeup.
=Fastrunner~youare,youcan’tcatchmeup.
asconj.像一样Heis~busy~abee.Hedidthejob~well~Bobdid.
FanWeiis~funnyanactor~ZhaoBenshan.Peterisnot~/sotallasBill.
asconj.由于Asyougotothebookshop,pleasegetmeaHarryPorterVI.
aspron.(引导定语从句)Iwillbuysuchapen~youareusing.Istudyinthesameschool~Mary.
Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.cf.Hereissobigastonethatnoonecanliftit.
46.ashamedadj.羞愧的be~of...对感到羞愧
47.askv.~sb.forsth.向某人要......~AafterB向A问候B~fortrouble自寻烦恼
~sb.todosth.~todosth.~tobedone~about...询问;打听
48.asleepadj.fall~=gotosleep入睡(动作)be~=sleep睡着(状态)befast~睡得香甜
49.assistvt.帮助assistancen.assistantn.助手anassistantprofessor副教授
50.attackv./n.beunder~遭到攻击anair~空袭
51.attemptn./v.努力;尝试~todosth.=makean~todosth.inan~todosth.努力/尝试去做......
52.attendv.出席;照顾attendantn.服务员~tosb./sth.照料;从事;处理
53.attentionn.attentiveadj.注意力集中的pay~tosth.注意......drawsb’s~(tosth.)吸引某人的注意力(到......)
54.attractvt.吸引attractiveadj.有吸引力的;迷人的attractionn.吸引(人的人或物)
beattractivetosb.吸引某人beattractedtosth.被......吸引
55.averagen./adj.平均(的)on(the)~平均(来说)above/belowthe~在一般平均以上/下
56.awakeadj.醒着的v.醒来(awoke/awoke;awaked/awaked)
B
1.badadj.(worse/worst)from~toworse每况愈下go~变质Not~.还好
2.badlyadv.be~ill得了needsth.~急需be~off生活较差
3.baggageu.n.行李(=luggage)
4.balloonn.气球
5.bargainv.讨价还价n.讨价还价;便宜货areal~便宜货
6.basen.基地;基础vt.以......为基础~AonBA以B为基础/依据be~don以......为基础
7.bathn.洗浴bathev.bebathedinthesunshine沐浴在阳光之中
8.bearvt.忍受;承受(bore/born-borne)Hecan’t~beinglookeddownupon.
HewasborninShanghai.Theyhavebornethreechildren.
9.beatv.打;击败(beat/beaten)
10.beautyn.beautifuladj.beautifullyadv.beautifyvt.美化
11.bee/became/beelink.v.系动词
12.becauseof=onaccountof=owingtoprep.由于ShecriedbecauseofwhatIhadsaidaboutherwork.
13.bedn.goto~(college/church/court/hospital)(零冠词)强调动作
bein~(college/church/court/hospital)强调状态makethe~
14.begv.乞讨;哀求beggingbeggedbeggarn.乞丐~sb.forsth.go~ging去乞讨
15.begin/began/begunv.beginningbeginner初学者Wellbegun,halfdone.良好的开端成功的一半。
to~with首先=firstofallinthebeginningatthebeginningof
16.believevt.beliefn.信仰;信念
17.bend/bent/bentv.弄弯~oversth.伏在......上面bebentover......一心想/做
18.besidesprep./adv.除了(以外)B~English,westudyfiveothersubjects.
Idon’tlikefootball;~,theweatheristoohot.(=what’smore;inaddition)
19.bestdo/tryone’s~=dowhatonecan=doeverything(that)onecan=sparenoefforts=goallout尽力
allthebest(wishes)祝好
20.betterbe~off富裕beworseoff贫困had~=mightaswell最好
He’d~eearlier,hadn’the?
Betterlatethennever.
21.beyondprep.在......以外ThebeautyoftheWestLakeis~description.Sorry.Thisis~mypower.
22.billn.帐单footthe~埋单
23.biologyn.生物学biologicaladj.生物学的biologistn.生物学家
24.birthn.birthdaybirthplaceatbirth天生give~to生育
25.bite/bit/bit:
bittenv.咬Neverbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew.要量力而行。
26.blamevt.责备beto~(fordoingsth.)因......而应受责备~sb.fordoingsth.因......而责备
Don’t~thechildforthebrokenglass.Itwasmyfault.
Iwonderwhoisto~forthebrokenglass.=Iwonderwhoto~forthebrokenglass.
27.bloodn.血bloodyadj.血腥的bleedv.流血ableedingnoseabloodywar
28.blow/blew/blownv.吹~up爆炸~sth.up把......炸毁~...away把吹走
29.boilv.boilingwater在沸腾的水boiledwater沸水boilinghot超热
30.bonen.bonyadj.瘦骨嶙峋的=skinny
31.brainn.大脑brains智力IfonlyIhadyour~s!
32.bottomn.底部fromthe~ofone’sheart发自内心;衷心地fromtopto~从顶到底B~up!
干杯!
33.braveadj.bravelyadv.braveryn.
34.break/broke/brokenv.~down出故障;破除~up破坏;解散;开垦~intosp.闯入;侵占
~thelaw/rule违反~one’spromise食言~away(of)脱离
~forth/out爆发~off折断;突然中断~open撬开~with与......断交
c.n.休息take/havea~
35.breathn.breathev.bath---bathebreathlessadj.上气不接下气的
holdone’s~屏住呼吸loseone’s~上气不接下气(动作)beoutof~上气不接下气(状态)
catcha~喘口气breatheone’slast死
36.bring/brought/broughtvt.~sb.up抚养~sth.up呕吐;提出bringsth.forward提出
37.Britainn.Britishadj.theGreatBritain大不列颠
38.broadadj.宽阔的abroadadv.在国外aboardadv.在船(飞机、火车等)上broadenvt.拓宽
39.broadcast/broadcast/broadcastvt.广播~sth.live现场直播Cf.cast/cast/castforecast/forecast/forecast
40.build/built/builtvt.建造;建设buildingn.~...up建造~AintoB把A建成B
41.burn/burnt/burntv.~sth.up烧光~sth.totheground=~sthdown夷为平地It’s~inghot.
42.burstvt.爆发;爆炸~sth.up=blowsth.up炸掉~intotears/laughter/cheers
~outcrying/laughing/cheering~into...闯入~forth=~out=breakforth=breakout爆发
43.buryvt.埋葬burialn.葬礼~sb.alive活埋
44.busyadj.businessn.Businessisbusiness.公事公办Businessbeforepleasure.先干正事后娱乐
be~(in)doingsth.=bebusywithsth.gotosp.onbusiness到......出差get(down)tobusiness开始干正事
45.butconj.Butmeno~s.不要辩解。
butfor要不是因为thelastlinebuttwo倒数第二行
46.butchern.屠夫gotothe~’s去肉店
47.buttern.黄油Breadand~isalwaysmybreakfast.
48.buy/bought/boughtvt.Iwon’t~yourstory.我才不信呢。
49.byprep.乘坐~bus/train/plane/ship/air/sea/water/landon/inatraininaplane
C
1.callv./n.~for请求;要求;需要;呼吁~atsp.参观~onsb.访问~...off取消
~out大声叫喊~forth...唤起;鼓起(勇气等)call(on)sb.todosth.号召
2.campv.宿营n.帐篷gocamping去宿营
3.capitaln.资本;首都capitalismn.资本主义capitalistn.资本主义者adj.资本主义的
4.carev.~for...喜爱;关心;照管~about...关心;顾虑
caren.take~of...照料;照看take~当心;保重underthe~of在......的照料下
with~=carefully小心地;慎重地
5.carpetn.地毯
6.carrotn.胡萝卜
7.caryyvt.~sth.inone’sarms抱着~sth.onone’sback背着
~sth.inone’shands捧着~sth.inone’shand拿着
~sth.out实施;执行~...away带走;冲昏...的头脑
~sth.on继续下去~through坚持到底
8.cartn.马车Neverputthecartbeforethehorse.不要本末倒置
9.casen.情况;案例;病历;箱子in~万一(可单独使用也可接句子)in~of万一(接名词、代词、动名词等)
Takeanumbrellain~.Takeanumbrellain~ofrain.Takeanumbrellain~itrain/in~it