研究生考研英语二真题和答案解析.docx
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研究生考研英语二真题和答案解析
【关键字】研究生
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语
(二)
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Todayisnodifferent,withacademics,writers,andactivistsonceagain 1 thattechnologybereplacinghumanworkers.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby 2 .Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland.
Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive 3 holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort,one 4 bypurposelessness:
Withoutjobstogivetheirlives 5 ,peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed. 6,today’sunemployeddon’tseemtobehavingagreattime.OneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression,doubletheratefor 7 Americans.Also,someresearchsuggeststhatthe 8 forrisingratesofmortality,mental-healthproblems,andaddicting 9 poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs.Perhapsthisiswhymany 10 theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture.
Butitdoesn’t 11 followfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithunease.Suchvisionsarebasedonthe 12 ofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment.Inthe 13 ofwork,asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcould 14 strikinglydifferentcircumstancedforthefutureoflaborandleisure.Today,the 15 ofworkmaybeabitoverblown.“Manyjobsareboring,degrading,unhealthy,andawasteofhumanpotential,”saysJohnDanaher,alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandinGalway.
Thesedays,becauseleisuretimeisrelatively 16 formostworkers,peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional 17 oftheirjobs.“WhenIcomehomefromahardday’swork,Ioftenfeel 18 ,”Danahersays,adding,“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork,Imightfeelratherdifferent”—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself 19 ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor 20 matters.
1.[A]boasting [B]denying [C]warning [D]ensuring
【答案】[C]warning
2.[A]inequality [B]instability [C]unreliability [D]uncertainty
【答案】[A]inequality
3.[A]policy [B]guideline [C]resolution [D]prediction
【答案】[D]prediction
4.[A]characterized [B]divided [C]balanced [D]measured
【答案】[A]characterized
5.[A]wisdom [B]meaning [C]glory [D]freedom
【答案】[B]meaning
6.[A]Instead [B]Indeed [C]Thus [D]Nevertheless
【答案】[B]Indeed
7.[A]rich [B]urban [C]working [D]educated
【答案】[C]working
8.[A]explanation [B]requirement [C]compensation [D]substitute
【答案】[A]explanation
9.[A]under [B]beyond [C]alongside [D]among
【答案】[D]among
10.[A]leavebehind [B]makeup [C]worryabout [D]setaside
【答案】[C]worryabout
11.[A]statistically [B]occasionally [C]necessarily [D]economically
【答案】[C]necessarily
12.[A]chances [B]downsides [C]benefits [D]principles
【答案】[B]downsides
13.[A]absence [B]height [C]face [D]course
【答案】[A]absence
14.[A]disturb [B]restore [C]exclude [D]yield
【答案】[D]yield
15.[A]model [B]practice [C]virtue [D]hardship
【答案】[C]virtue
16.[A]tricky [B]lengthy [C]mysterious [D]scarce
【答案】[D]scarce
17.[A]demands [B]standards [C]qualities [D]threats
【答案】[A]demands
18.[A]ignored [B]tired [C]confused [D]starved
【答案】[B]tired
19.[A]off [B]against [C]behind [D]into
【答案】[D]into
20.[A]technological [B]professional [C]educational [D]interpersonal
【答案】[B]professional
SectionII ReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.
ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun—upto2012—butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto“inspireageneration.”ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.
Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:
Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:
Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.
Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally“grassroots”,conceptascommunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.
21.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas .
[A]gainedgreatpopularity
[B]createdmanyjobs
[C]strengthenedcommunityties
[D]becomeanofficialfestival
【答案】[A]gainedgreatpopularity
22.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto .
[A]boostpopulationgrowth
[B]promotesportparticipation
[C]improvethecity’simage
[D]increasesporthoursinschools
【答案】[B]promotesportparticipation
23.ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit .
[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents
[B]focusesonmasscompetition
[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism
[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers
【答案】[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism
24.Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould .
[A]organize“grassroots”sportsevents
[B]superviselocalsportsassociations
[C]increasefundsforsportsclubs
[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities
【答案】[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities
25.Theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavedoneforsportsis .
[A]tolerant
[B]critical
[C]uncertain
[D]sympathetic
【答案】[B]critical
Text2
Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”
Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.
Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention.“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.
Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids’useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting”witht