英语专业《综合教程》一二册笔记整理.docx

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英语专业《综合教程》一二册笔记整理.docx

英语专业《综合教程》一二册笔记整理

综合英语第一、二册词汇分类整理

第一册:

重点单词+一词多义

1.Handinhand:

1.手拉手2.紧密相连:

Theoryandpracticemustgohandinhand.

2.Manner:

(注意manner的作单复数时不同的意思)mannered矫揉造作的;矫饰的;不自然的

1.[singular]:

方法;方式:

ina/themanner2.(言行的)方式:

aggressivemanner;3.种类:

allmannerofsth各种各样的人(或物);(as)tothemannerborn自然而然地;inthemannerof=inthestyleof以…风格

3.[plural]:

1.礼貌;规矩:

good/badmanners;havenomanners=behavebadly没有礼貌

2.(某个人群的)风俗;习惯;Middle-classmanners

3.Appreciation/appreciate

1.感激;感谢[U]inappreciationof:

Theawardisgiveninappreciationofherhugecontributiontothefilmbusiness.2.理解;体会;明白Thereisagrowingappreciationoftheneedforenvironmentalreform3.欣赏;赏识4.涨价;增值

4.Cherish1.怀念:

cherishthememoryofthosehappytimes;2.关爱;爱护3.珍爱;珍视:

acherisheddream/hope/memory

5.Infectious1.传染性的2.(心情、行动)有感染力的;有影响力的:

Hisenthusiasmwasinfectious.

6.Jolt1.震动;颠簸:

Thebusjoltedtoastop.2.使震惊;使惊醒:

Thealarmjoltedmeoutofadeepsleep.

7. Bolt[n]1.(门或窗的)金属插销2.螺栓aboltfrom/outoftheblue:

大出意外的事;晴天霹雳[v](用螺栓)把…钉在一起:

boltsthtosth

8.Scramble:

1.[i]+over/up/down/outofetc爬;攀登scrambletoyourfeet匆匆站起身

2[i]争抢;争夺+for/scrambletodosth3.炒蛋:

Scrambledeggs

9.confidence/confident/confidential

1.confidence:

1.信心+in 2.信任;信赖+in 3.信心;把握4.秘密:

gain/getsb’sconfidence赢得某人的信任;inconfidence秘密地;私下里

2.confidentintheknowledgethat:

确保Youcangoout,confidentintheknowledgethatyourhouseissafe.

10.skim:

[v]1.撇去(液体面上的浮物)+off:

Skimthefatoffthesoup.2.(使)在表面上方快速移动Inthedistance,waterskiersskimmedacross/overthebay;Thechildrenareskimmingstoneonthelake.3.浏览;略读+through

11.steer:

steersthawayfrom/towards/into/throughetcsth1.掌舵;驾驶2.引领;引导3.影响;引导Hesteeredthecountrythroughatransitionalperiodtoelections;steersbtovictory=helpsomeonewin帮助某人取得成功;steeracourse:

1.遵循:

Theytriedtosteeramiddlecoursebetweenoverconfidenceandunduepessimism.2.朝着…前进steeracoursefor…

12.Smash:

1.用力打破;打碎2.粉碎,捣毁(组织等);击败;击溃:

Thegovernmentwouldtakewhatevernecessaryactiontosmashtherebellionbyseparatistguerillas.

13.Bond1.联系;关系+between:

Thetradeagreementstrengthenedthebondbetweenthetwocountries.2.公债;债券agovernment/Treasurybond;3.契约;合同4.(郑重的)许诺;保证:

mywordismybond我的话像契约一样可靠;我一定会履行诺言5.bonds:

枷锁=shackle;束缚物:

Shelongstoescapefromthebondsofchildrenandhousework.

14.affect1.影响;身体上的伤害;感情上的打动affecting;震动2.假装;佯装Sheaffectedalookofdisinterestassheglancedathisnewspaper.

15.plague~epidemic/pandemic/:

1.瘟疫;传染病2.[singular]普遍的祸害:

theplagueofviolenceinAmericatoday3.(动物或昆虫)无限制的大量滋长;泛滥:

Aplagueofjournalistssurroundedaroundthesuperstar.[vt]:

给…造成长期的灾祸;长期困扰:

Thechildrenplaguedhimwithquestions.

16.conformist1.[adj]墨守成规的;因循守旧的2.[n]墨守成规的人,因循守旧的人

17.distinction1.差别;不同make/drawadistinctionbetween…2.优秀;卓越;杰出:

of(great)distinction;Heisawriterofhighdistinction.3.声誉;特征;特点;Have/hold/gainthedistinctionof:

SheholdsthedistinctionofbeingthefirstwomaneditoroftheHarvardLawReview.

18.distinct1.不同的;单独的:

Theywereclassifiedintotwodistinctgroups;  asdistinctfrom:

TheCompany,asdistinctfromitsshareholders,shouldbeliableforanydebts.

2.清晰的;清楚的;明显的:

Asdawnbroke,theoutlineofabuildingbecamedistinctagainstthesky.  3.[usuallybeforenoun]确实的;显著的:

Ihadthedistinctimpressionthathedidnotlikeme.

19.stature1.身高Hewillbetallerthanhisfatherwhenhereacheshisfullstature.2.名望;威望:

Gain/grow/riseinstature

20.fragment1.[n]碎片:

fragmentsofglass2.[v](使)破碎;(使)分裂

  Fragmentation(含抽象意味);[n]破碎;破裂;分裂~oftheSovietUnion

21.Polar1.极地的2.截然不同的:

Thenoveldealswiththepolaroppositesoftheloveandhate.

22.integrate1.使融入;使打成一片:

integratesbintosth2.使结合;使成为一体:

integratesthinto/withsth3.使取消种族隔离

 Integrated:

融合的;整体的;综合的;互相协调的~team2.无种族隔离的

 Integration1.融合;融入:

+into2.种族融合:

the~ofschool3.结合;融合;整合:

+of/with/into

 Integrity1.正直;诚实:

maintain/preserveyourintegrity;question/doubtsb’sintegrity;professional/artistic/politicalintegrity2.完整;完全:

defendthenewstate’sterritorialintegrity

23.spectrum1.系列;范围;幅度wide/broadspectrum=alargerange:

Thecoursecoversawidespectrumofmusicalactivityfromoperatorock 2.光谱3.频率

24.capacity1.能力;:

capacitytodo/forsth;2.身份inaprofessional/personal/advisoryetccapacity;inyourcapacityas:

Iattendedinmycapacityaschairmanofthesafetycommittee.

3.容量;容积;容纳力1.Theseatingcapacityofthetheateris5,000.2.Thehallwasfilled/fulltocapacity.

25.discipline[n]1.纪律;惩罚:

Imposediscipline/maintaindiscipline2.自控能力;自制力:

Theirattentionwanderedandtheylackedthedisciplinetolearn.3.训练方法:

Studyingaforeignlanguageisagooddisciplineformind.4.(尤指大学的)学科;科目[v]1.惩罚;处罚:

Thestrikersweredisciplinedbymanagement.2.disciplineyourself:

约束自己

26.conscious:

1.意识到;注意到~ofdoingsth/~that2.神志清醒的;有知觉的3.慎重的;有意的;刻意的~decision/effort4.特别感兴趣的;关注的:

Environmentally-conscious

27.refine:

1.精炼;提纯:

refinedsugar2.改善;改进;使精炼:

refineone’smanners

28.reflection;1.映像:

Headmiredhisreflectioninthemirror.2.(声、光、热等的)反射3.反映;显示;表达:

Theincreaseincrimeisasadreflectionon(=showssthbadabout)oursociety.4.沉思;深思;审慎的思考:

Shedecidedonreflectiontoaccepthisofferafterall.

29.induce:

1.劝说;诱使inducesbtodosth2.引起;导致=causeorproduce,resultin,bringabout,entail:

Drugswhichinducesleep 

30.Persist1.顽强地坚持;执着地做~insth/indoingsth/withsth;2.维持;保持;持续;存在:

Ifthepainpersists,consultadoctor.

31.Vision1.视力;视野:

good/perfect/poor/blurred/normalvision;2.想象;幻想3.想象力;眼力;远见卓识=foresight:

aleaderofforesight

Visionary1.有眼力的;远见卓识的2.梦幻的;(尤指)宗教异象的;神示的

32.Vain≈futile1.徒劳的;枉然的;inthevainhope/inavainattempttodo/invain;2.自负的;自视过高的:

Sheistoovaintowearglasses.

33.Given:

1.[adj]已经安排好的;规定的:

Theyweretomeetatagiventimeandplace.Begiventosth/todoingsth:

经常做;习惯于;2.[prep]考虑到;鉴于Givenhisage,heisremarkablyactive.Giventhat:

Itwassurprisingthegovernmentwasre-elected,giventhattheyhadraisedtaxessomuch.

34.moral[adj]1.道德的:

amoralissue/dilemma/question2.道义上的;道德上的:

moralresponsibility/duty3.品行端正的;有道德的4.能辨别是非的:

Childrenarenotnaturallymoralbeings. Take/claim/seizethemoralhighground声称自己的论点在道义上占优势

[n]1.品行;道德2.寓言:

Themoralofthefableisthathonestyisalwaysthebestpolicy.

35.scarcely[adv]1.几乎不:

Ican~believewhat’shappened.2.才;仅仅:

Wehad~drivenamilewhenthecarbrokedown.3.决不;一定不:

Icanscarcelyrefusetohelpafterallhe’sdoneforme.

36.conviction1.定罪;判罪:

previousconviction;2.坚定的信仰;信念;3.深信;确信:

lackconviction(缺乏信心);notcarryconviction(没有说服力)

37.nest1.鸟巢2.+of一套;一组:

anestoftable

38.off1.离开;走开:

beoff/beoffto;off/oncourse偏离/在正确航线;航向2.从…(顶部或表面)离开:

keep/stayoffthegrass3.不上课;不工作;休息:

beoff4.offandon/onandoff有时;间或;断断续续

39.Distant1.在远处的:

inthenottoodistantfuture:

在不久的将来;Distantmemory遥远的记忆;thedimanddistantpast:

很久以前;遥远的过去;Keeparespectfuldistance敬而远之;2疏远的;不友好的;冷淡的;3.恍惚的;心不在焉的;4.远亲的;远房的adistantrelative

40.somehow:

1.以某种方法:

somehoworother:

不管怎么样;2.由于某种未知的原因

41.Lean1.清瘦而健康的;2.倚靠:

leanagainst/onsth3.有(选择或支持某事物的)倾向:

leaninthedirectionofsth;leanonsb依靠某人;leaningtowards对…的倾向;爱好;偏爱

42.Extend1.提供;给予;(向某人)表示(欢迎、感谢、同情)extendsthtosth2.涉及(范围;延伸(距离)延续(时间);Rainisexpectedtoextendtoallpartsofthecountry. Thedesertextendsformiles.

Extension/extent:

1.Thiskidnappingshowsan_extension_ofterroristactivitytoinnocentchildren.2.Thiskidnappingshowsthe_extent_ofterroristactivitywhichhasgotinnocentchildreninvolved.

43.Identify:

1.indentifysbassth:

1.辨认;确认;2.是…的标志;显示出;2.identifywithsb体会(某人)的思想感情;理解并同情(某人)的感受:

Hedidn’tseemtobeabletoidentifywithordinarypeopleandtheiraspirations.3.beidentifiedwithsb/sth把某人或某物联系在一起4.identifysthwithsth认为…和…一致;将…等同于

44.ground[v]1.使飞机停飞;船只搁浅;2.罚…呆在家里Hisparentsgroundedhimfortwoweeksforsmoking.3.使决定、想法建立在…之上,基于:

begroundedin/onsth[n]4.理由;原因:

onthegroundsof:

Sheissuingthecompanyonthegroundofunfairdismissal.

45.sway[v]1.摇动;摇摆2.影响某人;使改变看法:

Swaysbintodoingsth3.[n]holdsway:

1.(对人们的观点或行为)有巨大的影响力;2.控制某个区域undersb’ssway:

在某人的控制或统治下

46.Smear:

1.(胡乱地)涂,抹:

besmearedwithsth2.玷污;诽谤:

≈slur/smash/malign

47.Facility1.[通常用复数](房间、设备等)设施;2.(工具、制度等的)特点:

Havethefacilitytodosth:

Thesoftwarehasthefacilitytoproducehigh-qualitygraphicsdisplays.3.(用作某种用途的)区,大楼;4.[单数/U]天赋;技能;技巧:

Hehasafacilityforlanguages.[注]:

facility作单数时指场所;作复数时指设施。

48.hover1.(鸟、昆虫或飞机)翱翔;2.守候;犹豫:

Thewaiterwashoveringovertheirtable.3.(在…之间)摇摆不定;不确定+between:

Hisgirlfriendishoveringbetweenlifeanddeath.

4.(在…上下)徘徊:

+around/near:

hoveronthebrink/edge/vergeofsth接近于某事边缘,濒于某事边缘(尤指令人不快的事)

49.mock[adj]仅用于名词前1.假的;仿真的mockgunsandknives2.假装的;虚假的≈affected3.(考试、面试等)模拟的4.[v]讥笑;嘲笑

50.confer1.授予(权力、权利或荣誉):

confersthonsb;2.讨论;商谈;商议;协商:

Conferwith

51.Involved:

1.牵涉在内的;卷入…的+in;2.参与的;3.复杂难懂的

第二册

1.      resonate;1.(使)产生情感共鸣+with:

Herexperiencesresonatepowerfullywithme,asIdoliveinasmallfamily.2.回响;回荡:

Thebuildingresonateswithhistoricsignificance.

2.      due:

1.[adj]仅用于名词前,适当的;恰当的:

Hewasfoundtohavebeendrivingwithoutdue/necessarycareandattention./induecourse:

在适当的时候:

Wewillannouncetheresultsofourinvestigationinduecourse./withallduerespect:

恕我直言2.预定的;预期的;预计应出生的:

Whenisthenextbusdue?

/TheirbabyisdueinJune.3.[UN]应有的权利;应得到的东西:

Hefailedagain,buttogivehimhisdue,hedidtryhard.说句公道话;4.[n]dues复数:

应缴款;会费

3.      spell:

[n]1.一段时间;一会儿:

abriefspell;2.(特定天气情况的)持续时间:

ahot/cold/wet/dryspell;3.(疾病突然的)一次发作:

adizzy/faintingspell;4.魔咒;魅力:

castaspellonsb5.[v]意味着(通常是不好的事)spelladisaster/doomforsb;6.[vt]暂时代替某人

4.      lumber:

1.木材2.给某人增加麻烦;拖累:

Lumbersbwithdoingsth.3.缓慢吃力地移动;笨拙地行进:

Inthisdistance,wecouldseeaherdofelephantslumberingacrosstheplain.

5.      stifle[v]1.压制;

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