英语专业《综合教程》一二册笔记整理.docx

1、英语专业综合教程一二册笔记整理综合英语第一、二册词汇分类整理第一册：重点单词+一词多义1 Hand in hand:1. 手拉手 2. 紧密相连： Theory and practice must go hand in hand.2 Manner: （注意manner的作单复数时不同的意思） mannered 矫揉造作的；矫饰的；不自然的1singular: 方法；方式： in a/the manner 2. （言行的）方式： aggressive manner; 3. 种类：all manner of sth 各种各样的人（或物）；(as) to the manner born 自然而然地；

2、in the manner of= in the style of 以风格3. plural: 1.礼貌；规矩：good/bad manners; have no manners= behave badly 没有礼貌2(某个人群的)风俗；习惯；Middle-class manners 3Appreciation/appreciate1.感激；感谢U in appreciation of : The award is given in appreciation of her huge contribution to the film business. 2.理解；体会；明白 There is a

3、 growing appreciation of the need for environmental reform 3.欣赏；赏识 4. 涨价；增值4. Cherish 1.怀念: cherish the memory of those happy times; 2. 关爱；爱护 3. 珍爱；珍视： a cherished dream/hope/memory5. Infectious 1.传染性的 2. (心情、行动)有感染力的；有影响力的：His enthusiasm was infectious.6Jolt 1.震动；颠簸：The bus jolted to a stop. 2.使震惊；

4、使惊醒：The alarm jolted me out of a deep sleep.7. Bolt n 1.（门或窗的）金属插销 2.螺栓 a bolt from/out of the blue:大出意外的事；晴天霹雳 v（用螺栓）把钉在一起：bolt sth to sth8. Scramble：1. i +over/up/down/out of etc 爬；攀登 scramble to your feet 匆匆站起身2i 争抢；争夺 +for/ scramble to do sth 3.炒蛋：Scrambled eggs9. confidence/confident/confidenti

5、al1.confidence: 1.信心+in 2.信任；信赖+in 3.信心；把握 4.秘密：gain/get sbs confidence 赢得某人的信任； in confidence 秘密地；私下里2. confident in the knowledge that ：确保 You can go out, confident in the knowledge that your house is safe.10. skim :v1.撇去（液体面上的浮物）+off : Skim the fat off the soup. 2.(使) 在表面上方快速移动 In the distance, w

6、ater skiers skimmed across/over the bay；The children are skimming stone on the lake. 3.浏览；略读 +through11. steer :steer sth away from/towards/into/through etc sth 1. 掌舵；驾驶 2.引领；引导 3.影响；引导 He steered the country through a transitional period to elections；steer sb to victory=help someone win 帮助某人取得成功； s

7、teer a course:1.遵循：They tried to steer a middle course between overconfidence and undue pessimism. 2.朝着前进 steer a course for12Smash: 1.用力打破；打碎 2.粉碎，捣毁（组织等）；击败；击溃：The government would take whatever necessary action to smash the rebellion by separatist guerillas.13Bond 1.联系；关系+between: The trade agree

8、ment strengthened the bond between the two countries. 2.公债；债券 a government/Treasury bond; 3.契约；合同 4.（郑重的）许诺；保证：my word is my bond 我的话像契约一样可靠；我一定会履行诺言 5.bonds: 枷锁=shackle；束缚物：She longs to escape from the bonds of children and housework.14.affect 1.影响；身体上的伤害；感情上的打动 affecting；震动 2. 假装；佯装 She affected a

9、 look of disinterest as she glanced at his newspaper.15.plagueepidemic/pandemic/:1.瘟疫；传染病 2. singular普遍的祸害: the plague of violence in America today 3. (动物或昆虫)无限制的大量滋长；泛滥：A plague of journalists surrounded around the superstar. vt:给造成长期的灾祸；长期困扰：The children plagued him with questions.16.conformist 1.

10、adj 墨守成规的；因循守旧的 2.n墨守成规的人，因循守旧的人17. distinction 1.差别；不同 make/draw a distinction between 2.优秀；卓越；杰出：of (great) distinction; He is a writer of high distinction. 3.声誉；特征；特点;Have/hold/gain the distinction of : She holds the distinction of being the first woman editor of the Harvard Law Review.18.distinc

11、t 1.不同的；单独的：They were classified into two distinct groups; as distinct from: The Company, as distinct from its shareholders, should be liable for any debts.2.清晰的；清楚的；明显的：As dawn broke, the outline of a building became distinct against the sky. 3.usually before noun确实的；显著的： I had the distinct impress

12、ion that he did not like me.19.stature 1.身高 He will be taller than his father when he reaches his full stature. 2. 名望；威望: Gain/grow/rise in stature20. fragment 1.n碎片:fragments of glass 2.v（使）破碎；（使）分裂 Fragmentation（含抽象意味）;n破碎；破裂；分裂 of the Soviet Union21Polar 1.极地的 2.截然不同的：The novel deals with the pol

13、ar opposites of the love and hate.22.integrate1.使融入；使打成一片：integrate sb into sth 2.使结合；使成为一体:integrate sth into/with sth 3.使取消种族隔离 Integrated:融合的；整体的；综合的；互相协调的team 2.无种族隔离的 Integration 1. 融合；融入：+into 2.种族融合：the of school 3.结合；融合；整合：+of/with/into Integrity 1.正直；诚实：maintain/preserve your integrity; que

14、stion/doubt sbs integrity; professional/artistic/political integrity 2.完整；完全：defend the new states territorial integrity23.spectrum 1.系列；范围；幅度 wide/broad spectrum=a large range: The course covers a wide spectrum of musical activity from opera to rock 2. 光谱 3. 频率24.capacity 1.能力;：capacity to do/for s

15、th；2.身份in a professional/personal/advisory etc capacity；in your capacity as :I attended in my capacity as chairman of the safety committee.3.容量；容积；容纳力1.The seating capacity of the theater is 5,000. 2.The hall was filled/full to capacity.25.discipline n1.纪律；惩罚：Impose discipline/maintain discipline 2.

16、自控能力；自制力：Their attention wandered and they lacked the discipline to learn. 3.训练方法：Studying a foreign language is a good discipline for mind. 4.（尤指大学的）学科；科目 v1.惩罚；处罚：The strikers were disciplined by management. 2.discipline yourself:约束自己26.conscious:1.意识到；注意到 of doing sth/that 2.神志清醒的；有知觉的 3.慎重的；有意的；

17、刻意的decision/effort 4.特别感兴趣的；关注的：Environmentally-conscious27.refine: 1. 精炼；提纯：refined sugar 2. 改善；改进；使精炼：refine ones manners28.reflection；1. 映像：He admired his reflection in the mirror. 2. （声、光、热等的）反射 3. 反映；显示；表达：The increase in crime is a sad reflection on（=shows sth bad about）our society. 4.沉思；深思；审慎

18、的思考：She decided on reflection to accept his offer after all.29. induce : 1. 劝说；诱使 induce sb to do sth 2.引起；导致=cause or produce, result in, bring about, entail : Drugs which induce sleep 30. Persist 1. 顽强地坚持；执着地做 in sth/in doing sth/with sth ; 2.维持；保持；持续；存在：If the pain persists, consult a doctor.31Vi

19、sion 1.视力；视野： good/perfect/poor/blurred/normal vision; 2.想象；幻想 3. 想象力；眼力；远见卓识=foresight: a leader of foresightVisionary 1.有眼力的；远见卓识的 2. 梦幻的；（尤指）宗教异象的；神示的32Vain futile1. 徒劳的；枉然的；in the vain hope/in a vain attempt to do/in vain; 2.自负的；自视过高的: She is too vain to wear glasses.33. Given : 1.adj已经安排好的；规定的：

20、They were to meet at a given time and place. Be given to sth/to doing sth: 经常做；习惯于；2.prep考虑到；鉴于 Given his age, he is remarkably active. Given that: It was surprising the government was re-elected, given that they had raised taxes so much.34. moral adj1. 道德的：a moral issue/dilemma/question 2.道义上的；道德上的

21、：moral responsibility/duty 3.品行端正的；有道德的 4.能辨别是非的：Children are not naturally moral beings. Take/claim/seize the moral high ground 声称自己的论点在道义上占优势n1.品行；道德 2. 寓言：The moral of the fable is that honesty is always the best policy.35. scarcely adv1.几乎不：I can believe whats happened. 2.才；仅仅:We had driven a mi

22、le when the car broke down. 3.决不；一定不:I can scarcely refuse to help after all hes done for me.36.conviction 1.定罪；判罪：previous conviction; 2.坚定的信仰；信念；3.深信；确信：lack conviction（缺乏信心）；not carry conviction（没有说服力）37. nest 1.鸟巢 2.+of 一套；一组: a nest of table38. off 1.离开；走开：be off/be off to; off/on course 偏离/在正确

23、航线；航向2.从（顶部或表面）离开：keep/stay off the grass 3.不上课；不工作；休息：be off 4.off and on/on and off 有时；间或；断断续续39Distant 1. 在远处的：in the not too distant future:在不久的将来；Distant memory 遥远的记忆；the dim and distant past:很久以前；遥远的过去；Keep a respectful distance 敬而远之；2疏远的；不友好的；冷淡的； 3. 恍惚的；心不在焉的；4.远亲的；远房的 a distant relative40.s

24、omehow:1.以某种方法：somehow or other:不管怎么样；2.由于某种未知的原因41Lean 1.清瘦而健康的；2.倚靠：lean against/on sth 3.有（选择或支持某事物的）倾向:lean in the direction of sth; lean on sb 依靠某人；leaning towards 对的倾向；爱好；偏爱42Extend 1.提供；给予；（向某人）表示（欢迎、感谢、同情）extend sth to sth 2.涉及（范围；延伸（距离）延续（时间）；Rain is expected to extend to all parts of the c

25、ountry. The desert extends for miles.Extension/extent: 1.This kidnapping shows an _extension_ of terrorist activity to innocent children. 2. This kidnapping shows the _extent_ of terrorist activity which has got innocent children involved.43. Identify: 1.indentify sb as sth:1.辨认；确认;2.是的标志；显示出； 2.ide

26、ntify with sb 体会（某人）的思想感情；理解并同情（某人）的感受：He didnt seem to be able to identify with ordinary people and their aspirations. 3.be identified with sb/sth 把某人或某物联系在一起 4.identify sth with sth 认为和一致；将等同于44.ground v1.使飞机停飞；船只搁浅；2. 罚呆在家里His parents grounded him for two weeks for smoking.3.使决定、想法建立在之上，基于：be gro

27、unded in/on sth n4.理由；原因：on the grounds of: She is suing the company on the ground of unfair dismissal. 45.sway v1.摇动；摇摆 2.影响某人；使改变看法：Sway sb into doing sth 3.nhold sway :1.（对人们的观点或行为）有巨大的影响力；2.控制某个区域 under sbs sway:在某人的控制或统治下46Smear：1.（胡乱地）涂，抹：be smeared with sth 2.玷污；诽谤：slur/smash/malign47Facility

28、 1.通常用复数（房间、设备等）设施；2.（工具、制度等的）特点：Have the facility to do sth : The software has the facility to produce high-quality graphics displays. 3.（用作某种用途的）区，大楼；4.单数/U天赋;技能；技巧：He has a facility for languages.注：facility作单数时指场所；作复数时指设施。48.hover 1.（鸟、昆虫或飞机）翱翔；2.守候；犹豫：The waiter was hovering over their table. 3.

29、（在之间）摇摆不定；不确定+between：His girlfriend is hovering between life and death.4.（在上下）徘徊：+around/near: hover on the brink/edge/verge of sth 接近于某事边缘，濒于某事边缘（尤指令人不快的事）49.mock adj仅用于名词前1.假的；仿真的mock guns and knives 2.假装的；虚假的affected 3.（考试、面试等）模拟的4.v讥笑；嘲笑50.confer 1.授予（权力、权利或荣誉）:confer sth on sb; 2.讨论；商谈；商议；协商：C

30、onfer with 51Involved :1.牵涉在内的；卷入的+in;2.参与的；3.复杂难懂的第二册1. resonate；1.（使）产生情感共鸣+with: Her experiences resonate powerfully with me, as I do live in a small family. 2.回响；回荡：The building resonates with historic significance.2. due:1.adj仅用于名词前，适当的；恰当的：He was found to have been driving without due/necessar

31、y care and attention. / in due course:在适当的时候：We will announce the results of our investigation in due course./with all due respect:恕我直言 2.预定的；预期的；预计应出生的：When is the next bus due?/Their baby is due in June. 3.UN应有的权利；应得到的东西：He failed again, but to give him his due, he did try hard. 说句公道话；4.ndues复数：应缴

32、款；会费3. spell:n1.一段时间；一会儿：a brief spell;2.（特定天气情况的)持续时间：a hot/cold/wet/dry spell；3.（疾病突然的）一次发作：a dizzy/fainting spell;4.魔咒；魅力： cast a spell on sb 5.v意味着（通常是不好的事）spell a disaster/doom for sb；6.vt暂时代替某人4. lumber :1.木材2.给某人增加麻烦；拖累:Lumber sb with doing sth. 3.缓慢吃力地移动；笨拙地行进：In this distance, we could see a herd of elephants lumbering across the plain. 5. stifle v1.压制；