职称英语考试理工类A级卷.docx
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职称英语考试理工类A级卷
2003年职称英语等级考试试题及答案
理工类A级
第一部分：
词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1. Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.
A explained B invented
C considered D accepted
2. Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.
A heavy B strong
C kind D wild
3. Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.
A making B taking
C discussing D expecting
4. Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.
A waste B buy
C use D sell
5. Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.
A function B ability
C power D volume
6. Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.
A tensely B nearly
C carefully D closely
7. Herfaithupheldherintimesofsadness.
A supported B excited
C inspired D directed
8. Thebookprovidesaconciseanalysisofthecountry’shistory.
A clean B perfect
C real D brief
9. Itislaiddownintheregulationsthatallmembersmustcarrytheirmembershipcardsatalltimes.
A suggested B warned
C stated D confirmed
10. Thecouncilmeetingterminatedat2o’clock.
A began B continued
C ended D resumed
11. Redflagwasplacedthereasatokenofdanger.
A sign B substitute
C proof D target
12. Howeverbadthesituationis,themajorityisunwillingtoriskchange.
A reluctant B eager
C pleased D angry
13. IthasbeensaidthattheActsprovidedanewcourseofactionanddidnotmerelyregulateorenlargeanoldone.
A limit B control
C replace D offset
14. Thesecretaryisexpectedtoexploreideasforpost-warreconstructionofthearea.
A deny B investigate
C stress D create
15. Thesteadilyrisingcostoflaboronthewaterfronthasgreatlyincreasedthecostofshippingcargobywater.
A gradually B suddenly
C excessively D exceptionally
第2部分：
阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
ADolphinandanAstronomer
Onedayin1963,adolphinnamedElvarandafamousastronomer,CarlSagan,wereplayingalittlegame.Theastronomerwasvisitinganinstitutewhichwaslookingintothewaydolphinscommunicatewitheachother.Saganwasstandingontheedgeofoneofthetankswhereseveralofthesefriendly,highlyintelligentcreatureswerekept.Elvarhadjustswumupalongsidehimandhadturnedonhisback.
ThedolphinwantedSagantoscratchhisstomachagain,astheastronomerhaddonetwicebefore.ElvarlookedupatSagan,waiting.Then,afteraminuteorso,thedolphinleaptupthroughthewaterandmadeasoundjustliketheword“more”.Theastonishedastronomerwenttothedirectoroftheinstituteandtoldhimabouttheincident.‘Oh,yes.That’soneofthewordsheknows,’thedirectorsaid,showingnosurpriseatall.
Dolphinshavebiggerbraininproportiontotheirbodysizethanhumanshave,andithasbeenknownforalongtimethattheycanmakeanumberofsounds.Whatismore,thesesoundsseemtohavedifferentfunctions,suchaswarningeachotherofdanger.Soundtravelsmuchfasterandmuchfurtherinwaterthanitdoesinair.Thatiswhythepartsofthebrainthatdealwithsoundaremuchbetterdevelopedindolphinthaninhumans.Butcanitbesaidthatdolphinshavea‘language’,intherealsenseoftheword?
Scientistsdon’tagreeonthis.
Alanguageisnotjustacollectionofsounds,orevenwords.Alanguagehasastructureandwhatwecallagrammar.Thestructureandgrammarofalanguagehelptogiveitmeaning.Forexample,thetwoquestions“WholovesMary?
”and“WhodoesMarylove?
”meanverydifferentthings.Ifyoustoptothinkaboutit,youwillseethatthisdifferencedoesn’tcomefromthewordsinthequestionbutfromthedifferenceinstructure.Thatiswhythequestion“Candolphinsspeak?
”can’tbeanswereduntilwefindoutifdolphinsnotonlymakesoundsbutalsoarrangetheminagrammaticalorderwhichaffectstheirmeaning.
16 Theastronomerwasnotinterestedinthewaydolphinscommunicatewitheachother.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
17 ThedolphinleaptupintotheairbecauseSaganwastoonearthewater.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
18 Partsofthedolphin’sbrainareparticularlywelldevelopedtohandledifferentkindsofsound.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
19 Dolphinsarethemostusefulanimalstohumans.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
20 Dolphinstravelfasterinwaterthananyotheranimals.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
21 Somescientistsbelievethatdolphinshavealanguageoftheirown.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
22 Soundscanbecalledalanguageonlywhentheyhaveastructureandagrammar.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
第3部分：
概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：
（1）第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2、3、5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；
（2）第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
TheWeightExperiment
NicolaWaltershasbeentakingpartinexperimentsinScotlandtodiscoverwhyhumansgainandlostweight.Beinglockedinasmallroomcalleda‘calorimeter’（热量测量室）isonewaytofindout.
1.Thesighsabovethetworoomsreadsimply“ChamberOne”and“ChamberTwo”.Thesearethecalorimeters:
4mby2mwhite-walledroomswherehumanvolunteersarelockedupinthenameofscience.Outsidetheseroomsanothersignreads“Pleasedonotenter-workinprogress”andinfrontoftheroomsadvancedmachineryregisterseverymovethevolunteersmake.Eachday,mealsmeasuredtothelastgramarepassedthroughaholeinthewallofthecalorimetertotheresidentvolunteer.
2.NicolaWaltersisoneoftwentyvolunteerswho,overthepasteightmonths,havespentvaryingperiodsinsidethecalorimeter.Tallandslim,Nicoladoesnothaveaweightproblem,butthoughtthestrictdietmighthelpwithhertrainingandfitnessprogramme.Aself-employedcommunitydanceworker,shewasabletofittheexperimentinaroundherwork.Shesawanadvertforvolunteersatherlocalgymandassheisinterestedinthewholeareaofdietandexercise,shethoughtshewouldhelpout.
3.TheexperimentonNicolainvolvedherspendingonedayonafixeddietathomeandthenextintheroom.Thissequencewasrepeatedfourtimesoversixweeks.Shearrivedatthecalorimeterat8:
30amoneachofthefourmorningsandfromthenoneverythingsheateordrankwascarefullymeasured.Hereverymovewasnotedtoo,herdailyexerciseroutinetimedtothelastsecond.Atregularintervals,aftereating,shefilledinformsabouthowhungryshefeltandsamplesweretakenforanalysis.
4.Thescientistshelpvolunteersimposeakindoforderonthelongdaystheyfaceintheroom.“Thefirsttime,Ionlytookonevideoandabook,butitwasOKbecauseIwatchedTVtherestofthetime,”saysNicola.Andtwiceadaysheusedtheexercisebike.Shepedaled（）forhalfanhour,watchedbyresearcherstomakesureshedidn’tgotoofast.
5.Itseemsthatsomefoodsencourageyoutoeatmore,whileotherssatisfyyouquickly.Volunteersarealreadyshowingthathigh-fatdietsarelesslikelytomakeyoufeelfull.Believingthattheymaynowknowwhatencouragespeopletoovereat,theresearchersareabouttostarttestingahigh-proteinweight-lossdiet.VolunteersarerequiredandNicolahassignedupforfurthersessions.
23Paragraph1____________
24Paragraph1____________
25Paragraph1____________
26Paragraph1____________
A、Whatdoesthecalorimeterlooklikeinside?
B、Whatprogramwasdesignedfortheexperiment?
C、Whatisacalorimeter?
D、Whatisthefirstimpression?
E、Howdothevolunteerskillthetime?
F、WhydidNicolajoinintheexperiments?
27.Themachineryoutsidethecalorimetersrecordseverything___________.
28.NicolaWaltershadtimefortheexperiments________________.
29.Volunteershavetogetpreparedforthetimeinthecalorimeter____________.
30.Theexperimentsshowthathigh-fatdiets_____________.
A thevolunteersdo
B becauseshedoesnothaveaweightproblem
C becausethelifetherecanbeveryboring
D makepeopleovereat
E becauseshewasherownboss
F afterpassingahigh-proteintest
第4部分：
阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。
请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇“Salty”RicePlantBoostsHarvests
Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwillbeabletogrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandonedfarmstobecomeproductiveoncemore.
TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity’sSchoolofBiologicalSciences,havespentseveralyearsresearchinghowcrops,suchasrice,couldbemadetogrowinwaterthathasbecomesalty.
Thepairhaverecentlybegunathree-yearprogramme,fundedbytheBiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,toestablishwhichgenesenablesomeplantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreedthiscapabilityintocrops,startingwithrice.
Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan100hectares（公顷）ofagriculturallandarelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts（妨碍生长）plants.Theproblemiscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropics,mangroves（红树林）thatcreateswamps（沼泽）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawaterhavebeencutdown.IntheMediterranean,aseriesofdroughtshavecausedthewatertabletodrop,allowingseawatertoseep（渗透）in.inLatinAmerica,irrigationoftencausesproblemswhenwaterisevaporated（蒸发）bytheheat,leavingsaltdepositsbehind.
Excesssaltthenenterstheplan
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