TED英语演讲稿.docx

TED英语演讲稿.docx

《TED英语演讲稿.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《TED英语演讲稿.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

TED英语演讲稿

01.Remembertosaythankyou

Hi.I'mheretotalktoyouabouttheimportanceofpraise,admirationandthankyou,andhavingitbespecificandgenuine.

AndthewayIgotinterestedinthiswas,Inoticedinmyself,whenIwasgrowingup,anduntilaboutafewyearsago,thatIwouldwanttosaythankyoutosomeone,Iwouldwanttopraisethem,IwouldwanttotakeintheirpraiseofmeandI'djuststopit.AndIaskedmyself,why?

Ifeltshy,Ifeltembarrassed.Andthenmyquestionbecame,amItheonlyonewhodoesthis?

So,Idecidedtoinvestigate.

I'mfortunateenoughtoworkintherehabfacility,soIgettoseepeoplewhoarefacinglifeanddeathwithaddiction.Andsometimesitcomesdowntosomethingassimpleas,theircorewoundistheirfatherdiedwithouteversayinghe'sproudofthem.Butthen,theyhearfromallthefamilyandfriendsthatthefathertoldeverybodyelsethathewasproudofhim,buthenevertoldtheson.It'sbecausehedidn'tknowthathissonneededtohearit.

Somyquestionis,whydon'tweaskforthethingsthatweneed?

Iknowagentleman,marriedfor25years,who'slongingtohearhiswifesay,"Thankyouforbeingthebreadwinner,soIcanstayhomewiththekids,"butwon'task.Iknowawomanwho'sgoodatthis.She,onceaweek,meetswithherhusbandandsays,"I'dreallylikeyoutothankmeforallthesethingsIdidinthehouseandwiththekids."Andhegoes,"Oh,thisisgreat,thisisgreat."Andpraisereallydoeshavetobegenuine,butshetakesresponsibilityforthat.Andafriendofmine,April,whoI'vehadsincekindergarten,shethanksherchildrenfordoingtheirchores.Andshesaid,"Whywouldn'tIthankit,eventhoughthey'resupposedtodoit?

"

So,thequestionis,whywasIblockingit?

Whywereotherpeopleblockingit?

WhycanIsay,"I'lltakemysteakmediumrare,Ineedsizesixshoes,"butIwon'tsay,"Wouldyoupraisemethisway?

"Andit'sbecauseI'mgivingyoucriticaldataaboutme.I'mtellingyouwhereI'minsecure.I'mtellingyouwhereIneedyourhelp.AndI'mtreatingyou,myinnercircle,likeyou'retheenemy.Becausewhatcanyoudowiththatdata?

Youcouldneglectme.Youcouldabuseit.Oryoucouldactuallymeetmyneed.

AndItookmybikeintothebikestore--Ilovethis--samebike,andthey'ddosomethingcalled"truing"thewheels.Theguysaid,"Youknow,whenyoutruethewheels,it'sgoingtomakethebikesomuchbetter."Igetthesamebikeback,andthey'vetakenallthelittlewarpsoutofthosesamewheelsI'vehadfortwoandahalfyears,andmybikeislikenew.So,I'mgoingtochallengeallofyou.Iwantyoutotrueyourwheels:

behonestaboutthepraisethatyouneedtohear.Whatdoyouneedtohear?

Gohometoyourwife--goaskher,whatdoessheneed?

Gohometoyourhusband--whatdoesheneed?

Gohomeandaskthosequestions,andthenhelpthepeoplearoundyou.

Andit'ssimple.Andwhyshouldwecareaboutthis?

Wetalkaboutworldpeace.Howcanwehaveworldpeacewithdifferentcultures,differentlanguages?

Ithinkitstartshouseholdbyhousehold,underthesameroof.So,let'smakeitrightinourownbackyard.AndIwanttothankallofyouintheaudienceforbeinggreathusbands,greatmothers,friends,daughters,sons.Andmaybesomebody'sneversaidthattoyou,butyou'vedoneareally,reallygoodjob.Andthankyouforbeinghere,justshowingupandchangingtheworldwithyourideas.

02.Thebenefitsofabilingualbrain

¿Hablasespañol?

Parlez-vousfrançais?

nihuishuozhongwenma?

Ifyouanswered“si”,”oui”or”hui”andyouarewatchingthisinEnglish,chancesareyoubelongtotheworldbilingualandmultilingualmajority.Andbesideshavinganeasiertimetraveling,orwatchingmovieswithoutsubtitles,knowingtwoormorelanguagesmeansthatyourbrainmayactuallylookandworkdifferentlythanthoseofyourmonolingualfriends.Sowhatdoesitreallymeantoknowalanguage?

Languageabilityistypicallymeasuredintwoactiveparts,speakingandwriting,andtwopassiveparts,listeningandreading.Whileabalancedbilingualhasnearequalabilitiesacrosstheboardintwolanguages,mostbilingualsaroundtheworldknowandusetheirlanguagesinvaryproportions.Anddependingontheirsituationandhowtheyacquiredeachlanguage,theycanbeclassifiedintothreegeneraltypes.

Forexample,let’stakeGabriella,whosefamilyimmigratestotheUSfromPeruwhenshewastwo-yearsold.Asacompoundbilingual,Gabrielladevelopstwolinguisticcodessimultaneously,withasinglesetofconcepts,learningbothEnglishandSpanishasshebeginstoprocesstheworldaroundher.Herteenagebrother,ontheotherhand,mightbeacoordinatebilingual,workingwithtwosetsofconcepts,learningEnglishinschool,whilecontinuingtospeakSpanishathomeandwithfriends.

Finally,Gabriella’sparentsarelikelytobesubordinatebilingualswholearnedasecondarylanguagebyfilteringitthroughtheirprimarylanguage.

Becausealltypesofbilingualpeoplecanbecomefullyproficientinalanguageregardlessofaccentandpronunciation,thedifferencemaynotbeapparenttobeacasualobserver.Butrecentadvancesinimagingtechnologyhavegivenneurolinguistsaglimpseintohowspecificaspectsoflanguagelearningaffectthebilingualbrain.

It’swellknownthatthebrain’slefthemisphereismoredominantandanalyticalinlogicalprocesses,whiletherighthemisphereismoreactiveinemotionalandsocialones,thoughthisisamatterofdegree,notanabsolutesplit.

Thefactthatlanguageinvolvesbothtypesoffunctionswhilelateralizationdevelopsgraduallywithage,hasleadtothecriticalperiodhypothesis.Accordingtothistheory,childrenlearnlanguagesmoreeasilybecausetheplasticityoftheirdevelopingbrainsletthemusebothhemispheresinlanguageacquisition,whileinmostadults,languageislateralizedtoonehemisphere,usuallytheleft.

Ifthisistrue,learningalanguageinchildhoodmaygiveyouamoreholisticgraspofitssocialandemotionalcontexts.Conversely,recentresearchshowedthatpeoplewholearnedasecondlanguageinadulthoodexhibitlessemotionalbiasandamorerationalapproachwhenconfrontingproblemsinthesecondlanguagethantheirnativeone.

Butregardlessofwhenyouacquireadditionallanguages,beingmultilingualgivesyourbrainsomeremarkableadvantages.Someoftheseareevenvisible,suchhigherdensityofthegraymatterthatcontainsmostofyourbrain’sneuronsandsynapses,andmoreactivityincertainregionswhenengagingasecondlanguage.Theheightenedworkoutabilingualbrainreceivesthroughoutitslifecanalsohelpdelaytheonsetofdiseases,likeAlzheimersandDementiabyasmuchas5years.

Theideaofmajorcognitivebenefitstobilingualismmayseemintuitivenow,butitwouldhavesurprisedearlierexperts.Beforethe1960s,bilingualismwasconsideredahandicapthatslowedthechild’sdevelopmentbyforcingthemtospendthemtoomuchenergydistinguishingbetweenlanguages,aviewbasedlargelyonflawedstudies.

Andwhileamorerecentstudydidshowthatreactiontimesanderrorsincreaseforsomebilingualstudentsincross-languagetests,italsoshowedthattheeffortandattentionneededtoswitchbetweenlanguagestriggeredmoreactivityin,andpotentiallystrengthened,thedorsolateralprefrontalcortex.Thisisthepartofbrainthatplaysalargeroleinexecutivefunction,problemsolving,switchingbetweentasks,andfocusingwhilefilteringoutirrelevantinformation.

So,whilebilingualmaynotnecessarilymakeyousmarter,itdoesmakeyourbrainmorehealthy,complexandactivelyengaged,andevenifyoudidn’thavethegoodfortuneoflearningasecondlanguagelikeachild,it’snevertoolatetodoyourselfafavorandmakethelinguisticleapfrom,”Hello,”to“Hola”,”Bonjour”or“ninhao’s”becausewhenitcomestoourbrainsalittleexercisecangoalongway.

03.Featsofmemoryanyonecando

I'dliketoinviteyoutocloseyoureyes.

Imagineyourselfstandingoutsidethefrontdoorofyourhome.I'dlikeyoutonoticethecolorofthedoor,thematerialthatit'smadeoutof.Nowvisualizeapackofoverweightnudistsonbicycles.

Theyarecompetinginanakedbicyclerace,andtheyareheadedstraightforyourfrontdoor.Ineedyoutoactuallyseethis.Theyarepedalingreallyhard,they'resweaty,they'rebouncingaroundalot.Andtheycrashstraightintothefrontdoorofyourhome.Bicyclesflyeverywhere,wheelsrollpastyou,spokesendupinawkwardplaces.Stepoverthethresholdofyourdoorintoyourfoyer,yourhallway,whatever'sontheotherside,andappreciatethequalityofthelight.ThelightisshiningdownonCookieMonster.CookieMonsteriswavingatyoufromhisperchontopofatanhorse.It'satalkinghorse.Youcanpracticallyfeelhisbluefurticklingyournose.Youcansmelltheoatmealraisincookiethathe'sabouttoshovelintohismouth.Walkpasthim.Walkpasthimintoyourlivingroom.Inyourlivingroom,infullimaginativebroadband,pictureBritneySpears.Sheisscantilyclad,she'sdancingonyourcoffeetable,andshe'ssinging"HitMeBabyOneMoreTime."Andthen,followmeintoyourkitchen.Inyourkitchen,thefloorhasbeenpavedoverwithayellowbrickroad,andoutofyourovenarecomingtowardsyouDorothy,theTinMan,theScarecrowandtheLionfrom"TheWizardofOz,"hand-in-hand,skippingstraighttowardsyou.

Okay.Openyoureyes.

IwanttotellyouaboutaverybizarrecontestthatisheldeveryspringinNewYorkCity.It'scalledtheUnitedStatesMemoryChampionship.AndIhadgonetocoverthiscontestafewyearsbackasasciencejournalist,expecting,Iguess,thatthiswasgoingtobeliketheSuperbowlofsavants.Thisw