高考英语相近词汇辨析.docx

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高考英语相近词汇辨析.docx

高考英语相近词汇辨析

高考英语相近词汇辨析

4.family,house,home

 home家,包括住处和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成员.Myfamilyisahappyone.

5.sound,voice,noise

 sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.

6.photo,picture,drawing

 photo用照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画的画Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.

11.course,subject

 course课程(可包括多门科目),subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse

12.custom,habit

 custom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接todo,habit生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接ofdoing.I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.

17.officer,official

 officer部队的军官,official政府官员anarmyofficer

24.problem,question

 problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask,answer连用

30.price,prize

 price价格,prize奖,奖品,奖金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.

35.bybus,onthebus

 bybus表手段,方式,不用冠词,onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.

36.foramoment,forthemoment

 foramoment片刻,一会儿,forthemoment暂时,一时Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.

41.inaword,inwords

 inaword总之,一句话,inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.

42.inplaceof,intheplaceof

 inplaceof代替,intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.

47.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher

 thedoctorandteacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师,thedoctorandtheteacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris

61.who,what

 who指姓名或关系,what指职业或地位Whatisyourdad?

Heisateacher.

66.muchmore…than,manymore…than

 muchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词,manymore…than后接可数名词manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful

67.no,not

 no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater

73.fast,quickly

 fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly

74.high,highly

 high具体的高,highly抽象的高,高度的thinkhighlyof

79.just,very

 just表强调时是副词,作状语,very表强调时是形容词,用作定语theveryman,justtheman

80.wide,broad

 wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离,broad侧重于幅面的宽广broadshoulders

85.understanding,understandable

  understanding明白事理的,能体谅的,understandable可理解的,能够懂的anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake

86.close,closely

  close接近,靠近,closely紧紧地,紧密地closelyconnected,standclose

91.able,capable

  able与不定式todo连用,capable与of连用Heiscapableofdoing…

92.almost,nearly

  二者均为"几乎,差不多"和否定词连用用almostalmostnobody

93.late,lately

  late迟,晚,lately最近,近来Ihaven'tseenhimlately.

98.worth,worthy

  二者均为值得,worth后接doing,worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdone

  Itisworthvisiting.=It'sworthytobevisited.=It'sworthyofbeingvisited.

103.instead,insteadof

  instead是副词,放在句首或句末,insteadof是介词短语,放在句中Hedidn'tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.

104.toomuch,muchtoo

  toomuch后接不可数名词,muchtoo后接形容词muchtooheavy

105.beaboutto,begoingto,betodo

  beaboutto表最近的将来,后面不接时间状语,begoingto侧重打算,想法,betodo侧重意志,计划,安排I'mtomeethim.(含双方事先约好的意思)

110.learn,study

  learn学习,侧重学习的结果,study学习,侧重学习的过程,研究

  studytheproblem

111.want,hope,wish

  want打算,想要,wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望(通常可以实现),hopetodo/hopethat…wish希望(通常不能实现)wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.

112.discover,invent,findout

  discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西,invent发明本来不存在的物体,findout发现,查明Atlasthefoundoutthetruth.

113.answer,reply

  answer及物动词,reply不及物动词,后接toreplytotheletter

114.leave,leavefor

  leave离开,leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.

115.rob,steal

  rob抢劫robsb.ofsth.,steal偷stealsth.fromsb.

116.shoot,shootat

  shoot射死,shootat瞄准,但不一定射中Heshotthebirdanditdied.

123.meet,meetwith

  meet遇到,meetwith体验到,遭遇到meetwithanaccident

127.catchacold,haveacold

  catchacold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用,而haveacold可以

  Shehashadacoldforaweek.

128.changefor,changeinto

  changefor调换成,changeinto变成Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesintoice.

129.continue,last

  二者均为持续,continue主动,被动均可,last只能用主动Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.

130.feed,raise

  feed喂养,养活,饲养(togivefoodto),raise饲养,养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily

161.at,in(表地点)

  at小地点,in大地点arriveatasmallvillage,arriveinShanghai

162.atwork,inwork

  atwork在工作,在上班,inwork有职业,有工作Bothmyparentsareatwork.Theyarenotathome.

163.increaseto,increaseby

  increaseto增长到…,increaseby增长了…Thenumberincreasedby2,000to5,000.

164.atease,withease

  atease舒适地,安逸地;withease容易地,无困难地doitwithease

165.dayafterday,daybyday

  dayafterday日复一日(无变化);daybyday一天天地(有变化)Treesgrowtallerdaybyday.

166.like,as

  like相似关系,但并不等同,as同一关系,两者实为一体Don'ttreatmeasachild.(Infact,I'machild.)

167.after,in(表时间)

  after接时间点,in接时间段after7:

00,infiveminutes

168.between,among

  between两者之间,三者或三者以上两两之间,among三者或三者以上之间

  SwitzerlandliesbetweenFrance,Germany,AustraliaandItaly.

169.after,behind(表位置)

  after强调次序的先后,behind强调物体静态位置的前后Therearemanytreesbehindthehouse.

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