高考英语相近词汇辨析.docx
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高考英语相近词汇辨析
高考英语相近词汇辨析
4.family,house,home
home家,包括住处和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成员.Myfamilyisahappyone.
5.sound,voice,noise
sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.
6.photo,picture,drawing
photo用照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画的画Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.
11.course,subject
course课程(可包括多门科目),subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse
12.custom,habit
custom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接todo,habit生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接ofdoing.I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.
17.officer,official
officer部队的军官,official政府官员anarmyofficer
24.problem,question
problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask,answer连用
30.price,prize
price价格,prize奖,奖品,奖金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.
35.bybus,onthebus
bybus表手段,方式,不用冠词,onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.
36.foramoment,forthemoment
foramoment片刻,一会儿,forthemoment暂时,一时Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.
41.inaword,inwords
inaword总之,一句话,inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.
42.inplaceof,intheplaceof
inplaceof代替,intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.
47.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher
thedoctorandteacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师,thedoctorandtheteacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris
61.who,what
who指姓名或关系,what指职业或地位Whatisyourdad?
Heisateacher.
66.muchmore…than,manymore…than
muchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词,manymore…than后接可数名词manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful
67.no,not
no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater
73.fast,quickly
fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly
74.high,highly
high具体的高,highly抽象的高,高度的thinkhighlyof
79.just,very
just表强调时是副词,作状语,very表强调时是形容词,用作定语theveryman,justtheman
80.wide,broad
wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离,broad侧重于幅面的宽广broadshoulders
85.understanding,understandable
understanding明白事理的,能体谅的,understandable可理解的,能够懂的anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake
86.close,closely
close接近,靠近,closely紧紧地,紧密地closelyconnected,standclose
91.able,capable
able与不定式todo连用,capable与of连用Heiscapableofdoing…
92.almost,nearly
二者均为"几乎,差不多"和否定词连用用almostalmostnobody
93.late,lately
late迟,晚,lately最近,近来Ihaven'tseenhimlately.
98.worth,worthy
二者均为值得,worth后接doing,worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdone
Itisworthvisiting.=It'sworthytobevisited.=It'sworthyofbeingvisited.
103.instead,insteadof
instead是副词,放在句首或句末,insteadof是介词短语,放在句中Hedidn'tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.
104.toomuch,muchtoo
toomuch后接不可数名词,muchtoo后接形容词muchtooheavy
105.beaboutto,begoingto,betodo
beaboutto表最近的将来,后面不接时间状语,begoingto侧重打算,想法,betodo侧重意志,计划,安排I'mtomeethim.(含双方事先约好的意思)
110.learn,study
learn学习,侧重学习的结果,study学习,侧重学习的过程,研究
studytheproblem
111.want,hope,wish
want打算,想要,wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望(通常可以实现),hopetodo/hopethat…wish希望(通常不能实现)wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.
112.discover,invent,findout
discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西,invent发明本来不存在的物体,findout发现,查明Atlasthefoundoutthetruth.
113.answer,reply
answer及物动词,reply不及物动词,后接toreplytotheletter
114.leave,leavefor
leave离开,leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.
115.rob,steal
rob抢劫robsb.ofsth.,steal偷stealsth.fromsb.
116.shoot,shootat
shoot射死,shootat瞄准,但不一定射中Heshotthebirdanditdied.
123.meet,meetwith
meet遇到,meetwith体验到,遭遇到meetwithanaccident
127.catchacold,haveacold
catchacold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用,而haveacold可以
Shehashadacoldforaweek.
128.changefor,changeinto
changefor调换成,changeinto变成Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesintoice.
129.continue,last
二者均为持续,continue主动,被动均可,last只能用主动Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.
130.feed,raise
feed喂养,养活,饲养(togivefoodto),raise饲养,养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily
161.at,in(表地点)
at小地点,in大地点arriveatasmallvillage,arriveinShanghai
162.atwork,inwork
atwork在工作,在上班,inwork有职业,有工作Bothmyparentsareatwork.Theyarenotathome.
163.increaseto,increaseby
increaseto增长到…,increaseby增长了…Thenumberincreasedby2,000to5,000.
164.atease,withease
atease舒适地,安逸地;withease容易地,无困难地doitwithease
165.dayafterday,daybyday
dayafterday日复一日(无变化);daybyday一天天地(有变化)Treesgrowtallerdaybyday.
166.like,as
like相似关系,但并不等同,as同一关系,两者实为一体Don'ttreatmeasachild.(Infact,I'machild.)
167.after,in(表时间)
after接时间点,in接时间段after7:
00,infiveminutes
168.between,among
between两者之间,三者或三者以上两两之间,among三者或三者以上之间
SwitzerlandliesbetweenFrance,Germany,AustraliaandItaly.
169.after,behind(表位置)
after强调次序的先后,behind强调物体静态位置的前后Therearemanytreesbehindthehouse.