牛津上海版六年级下冠词及数词专项复习教案.docx
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牛津上海版六年级下冠词及数词专项复习教案
六年级下冠词及数词专项复习教案
专题知识梳理——冠词专题
【知识梳理1】冠词概述
1.冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。
2.冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种:
不定冠词用于单数可数名词之前,通常带有“一”、“某一”、“一种”的含义;定冠词则表示名词为特定者,表示“这”、“那”、“这些”、“那些”的意思,在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。
【知识梳理2】不定冠词用法
“a”用在以辅音音素开始的单词前,如:
abeautifulgirl,ausefulbook等;而“an”则用于以元音音素开始的单词前,如:
anhour,anumbrella
1.用来表示一类人或事物e.g.Sheisateacher.
2.指某一类人或事物中的一个e.g.Anelephantisbiggerthanahorse.
3.泛指某一人或事物e.g.Amaniswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.
4.相当于“one”的概念e.g.Ijustboughtanewdictionary.
5.固定词组
atadistance离开一定距离
haveawalk/arest/alook
inahurry匆匆忙忙
makeaface作鬼脸
dosomebodyafavour帮某人忙
anumberof=many
haveagoodtime(玩得好)
haveacold(感冒)
haveaheadache(头痛)
haveabreak=havearest
asarule(照例)
6.在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二,而其意在于再学一个,再来一个时,应用a
e.g.:
Iwanttolearnasecondlanguagethisterm.本句的意思应为:
这学期我要学一门第二外语。
7.a/an在一些习惯用语中
alotabitalittleafewaglassofapairofhavearesthaveabreakhaveagoodtimeinahurryinaminuteforawhilehavealookwithasmiletakeanactivepartintakeawalk
【例题精讲】
例1:
Suziewouldliketowrite______articleforherschoolnewspaper.
A.aB.anC.theD./
例2:
Kittyissuch______honeststudentthatsheisoftenpraisedbyherteachers.
A.aB.anC.theD./
Keys:
BB
【巩固练习】
Choosethebestanswer.
1.Aliceis____________honestgirl.Nowsheis____________universitystudent.Shewillbemademonitorofherclass.
A.a,an,theB.an,a,theC.an,a,/D./,a,/
2.Sheis___________Europeangirl,butshelivesinJapan.
A.aB.anC./D.the
3.—Isthat________uniformforthestudent?
—Yes,butit’s________unusualone.
A.a,anB.an,aC.a,aD.an,an
4.MumlookedsadlyatMcdullbecauseheachieved________“H”inspelling.
A.aB.theC.anD./
5.Mybrotheris_________universitystudentandhehas_________Europeangirlfriend.
A.a…anB.the…aC.an…aD.a…a
6.Thereis________“u”intheword“university”.
A.theB.anC.aD./
7.Learningfromsuccessfulpeopleis________goodwaytogainwealthandsuccess.
A)aB)anC)theD)/
8.Theyoungmanbesidetheteacheris________universitystudent.
A)theB)/C)anD)a
9.TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryis________usefultoolforustolearnEnglish.
A.aB.anC.theD./
10.Thisis________usefulbookandIwanttobuyitfromthebookshop.
A)aB)anC)/D)the
11.Terrylovesdrawingandexpectstobe________artistwhenhegrowsup.
A)theB)aC)anD)/
【Keys】1-5CAACD6-11CADAAC
【知识梳理3】定冠词的用法
1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物,这是定冠词的基本用法。
例如:
Theblueshirtismine.
2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。
例如:
Openthewindow,please.
3、指上文已经提到的人或事物。
例如:
Ihaveacar.Thecarisred.
4、指世界上独一无二的事物。
例如:
Whichisbigger,thesunortheearth?
5、用在序数词,形容词最高级前。
例如:
Thefirstlessonistheeasiestoneinthisbook.
6、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
例如:
theUnitedStates
7、用在某些形容词前,表示某一类人。
例如:
thepoor穷人,theblind盲人
8、用在姓氏复数形式前,表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。
例如:
theGreens格林一家或格林夫妻俩
9、用在方位词前。
例如:
ontheleft在左边,inthemiddleof在中间
10、用在乐器名称前。
例如:
Sheplaysthepianoeveryday.
11、用在表示海洋,河流,山脉,群岛及国家和党派等名词前。
例如:
theBlackSea黑海,theYangziRiver长江
12、用在某些固定词组中:
allthesame仍然;allthetime一直;atthemoment此刻;atthesametime同时;
bytheway顺便说;dotheshopping/washing买东西/洗衣服;
inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上;intheopenair在户外,在野外
【巩固练习】
1.Janeisgoingto___________movieswithhe
rparentsthisweekend.
A)aB)anC)theD)/
2.JustnowIsaw__________boyyouarelookingforplayingaloneinthisgarden.
A)/B)aC)anD)the
3.Itisdifficultfor________blindtocrossthestreet.Wemusthelpthem.
A)aB)theC)a,/D)an
4.BarakObama,firstAfrican-AmericanpresidentoftheUSA,wasalwayslaughedatbyotherswhenhewasakid.
A)aB)anC)theD)/
5.Paultoldmethathehadboughtanewflaton________phone.
A)aB)anC)theD)/
6.________onlykeytothesafeiskeptinMrs.White’sroom.Nobodyknowswhereitis.
A)AB)AnC)TheD)/
7.Medicalteamsaretravellingtothedisasterareatocarefor______wounded.
A)aB)anC)theD)/
8.Someofthestudentsinmyclassliketoplay______violinintheirfreetime.
A)aB)anC)theD)/
Keys:
1-5CDBCC6-8CCC
【知识梳理4】零冠词用法
1.在专有名词和不可数名词前。
例如:
Tian’anMenSquare天安门广场
2、可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my,your,his,her等)、指示代词(this/these,that/those)、不定代词(some,any等)及所有格限制时。
例如mybook(正);mythebook(误)
3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
例如:
a.Theyareteachers.
4、在星期,月份,季节,节日前:
例如:
onSunday在周日,inMarch在三月,inspring在春天,onWomen’sDay在妇女节
(特例:
如果月份,季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时,则要加定冠词:
HejoinedtheArmyinthespringof1982.他在1982年春季参军。
)
1、在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。
例如:
Tom汤姆,Mum妈妈
5、在学科名称,三餐饭和球类运动名称前。
例如:
Ihavelunchatschooleveryday.
6、在表特定的公园,街道,车站,桥,学校等之前。
例如:
No.25MiddleSchool
7、某些固定词组中不用冠词。
(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前:
bybus乘公共汽车;bycar乘汽车;bybike骑/坐自行车;bytrain乘火车;byair/plane乘飞机;bysea/ship乘船,但takeabus,inaboat,onthebike前需用冠词
(2)名词词组:
dayandnight日日夜夜;brotherandsister兄弟姐妹;hourafterhour时时刻刻;hereandthere到处
(3)介词词组:
athome在家;insurprise惊奇地;atnoon在中午;onfoot步行;atnight在晚上;onduty值日;atwork在工作;ontime准时;forexample例如;inclass在上课;onshow展览;inbed在床上
(4)go短语:
gohome回家;gotobed上床睡觉;gotoschool去上学;gotowork去上班;goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼
【巩固练习】
1.—MayIopenbag,sir?
—Ofcourse,butit'sfullof____dirtyclothes.
A.the,/B.the,theC./,/D.a,/
2._____familyofteneatsuppertogether.
A./,/B.The,theC.The,/D.A,a
3.miceareoftenfoundin______dirtyhouses.
A.The,theB.The,/C./,anyofD./,/
4.Myfatherneverletsusgoto________moviesourselves.
A./B.aC.theD.someof
5.—Haveyoueverbeento________Netherlands?
—No,butIhavebeentoFrance.
A.the,theB./,/C./,theD.the,/
6.Asthereisnobridgeovertheriver,peoplehavetocrossit_______.
A.inboatB.ontheboatC.byaboatD.byboat
7.girlat______checkoutwastoobusytoanswermyquestion.
A.The,theB.A,theC.The,aD.A,a
8.—Hello,isBettythere?
—I'msorry,you'vegot_____.wrongnumber.
A.aB.theC./D.some
9.Peteralwayscamehomefrom____schoolverylate,sohismotherwentto_____schooltofindout.
A./,/B.the,theC.the,/D./,the
10.Samsold._______.pictureseveryday,andall_______.picturesinhisshopwerecheap.
A./,theB./,/C.the,/D.the.the
11._____enjoywatching_________MickeyMouseonTV.
A.Mostchildren,/B.Themostchildren,the
C.Mostchildren,theD.Mostofchildren,/
12.Manyriversinourcountryranfrom_______westto..............east.
A.the,theB./,/C.the,/D./,the
13.—What's_____postagefor_______parcel,sir?
—I'llweighitfirst.
A.a,theB.a,aC.the,theD.the,a
14.______dictionaryis_______usefulbook.
A.A,aB.The,anC.The,theD.A,the
15.HecollectsChinesepaintingsfor______hobbies,butnotfor_____money.
A./,/B.the,theC.the,/D./,the
KEYS:
1-5ACDCD6-10DABDA11-15ABCAA
课堂练习
I.Choosethebestanswer.
1. Therewillbe_____interviewbetweenthemanagerandhisassistantsthisafternoon..
A.anB.aC.theD./
2. LittleTonyis__________honestboy.Henevertellslies.
A.aB.anC./D.the
3. Pleasestayfordinner.Itwillbereadyinhalf______hour.
A.aB.anC.theD./
4. Canyousee_____one-eyedcowin_____field?
A..an,theB..a,theC../,theD..a,a
5. A:
Whichgirlisyourdaughter,Mr.White?
B:
Oh,look,thatlittleoneinred.
A.aB.anC./ D.the
6. Hisfatheris________engineer.Healwayswears_______uniformatwork.
A.a...aB.a...anC.an...aD.an...an
7. ______youngmanbesidemeis_______universitystudent.
A.An…aB.An…/C.The…anD.The…a
8. ______girlwithatoyinherhandismylittlesister.
A.AB.AnC.TheD./
9. Myfriend,Harry,hisfavoritesportisplaying______golf.
A.aB.anC.theD./
10. Lastweek,Iwrote______articleonourSchoolFoodFestivaltoShanghaiStudents’Post.
A.theB.anC.aD./
11.It’s______pleasureformetobeinvitedtoplay_____pianoattheconcert.
A.the,aB.a,theC.a,aD.a,/
12. Iliketoread______book.It’sbetterthanreadingontheInternet.
A./B.aC.anD.the
13. Heorderedabooksometimeagoandnow______bookhasarrived.
A.aB.theC.anD./
14. Heorderedawashingmachinebyphonetwodaysago,andmachinehasarrived.
A.aB.anC.theD./
15. __________teachersaidthatJackwas__________newstudentandhewas________honest.
A.The,a,\B.A,the,aC.A,a,anD.The,a,an
16. Tomlikesplaying______football,whileLilylikesplayingviolin.
A.the…/B./…theC.the…theD./…/
17. Pleasegeteverythingready.Ourmeetingwillbegininhalf______hour.
A.aB.anC.theD./
18. It’sabouthalf________hour’swalkfromhereto_________nearestundergroundstation.
A.a…theB.an…theC./…theD.the…a
19.Morecollegegraduateswouldliketoworkin______westpartofourcountry____nextyear.
A.the,theB./,/C./,theD.the,/
20.Mygrandpausedtohave______walkinthegardenafter____supper.
A.a,aB./,aC.a,/D./,/
答案:
ABBBCCDCDBBBBCABBBDC
专题知识梳理——数词专题
考点归纳
1.基数词变序数词的方法
基变序,有规律;词尾要加th;一二三,特殊记;词尾分别tdd;八去t,九去e;ve则以f替;ty则变作ti;后面还有一个e;要是遇到几十几;只将个位变成序。
如,one—firsttwo—secondthree—thirdeight—eighthnine—ninth
twelve—twelfthtwenty—twentiethtwenty-one—twenty-first
2.分数的表达
分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子超过1,分母加s.分子和分母中间通常用“-”连接。
如,1/3和2/5分别为one-third,two-fifths。
注意:
1/2,1/4,3/4的特殊表达方式分别为ahalf,aquarter,threequarters。
含分数的短语作主语时,谓语由分数后的词决定。
3.hundred,thousand和million的用法
数词hundred,thousand和million的用法是在单