履约 论文英文版高嵩.docx

履约 论文英文版高嵩.docx

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履约论文英文版高嵩

Innovationsearchandrescuetechnologytoimprovethepeople,property,environmentalassistanceintheefficiency

gaosong

DalianChangxingIslandMSA

ABSTRACT:

Inrecentyears,withtheestablishmentofmarketeconomyandthecontinuousdevelopmentofChina'srapiddevelopmentoftheshippingindustry,shippingcompanies,asignificantincreaseinthenumberofships,portnumberandscaleofexpansion.Whilethesedevelopmentsbringsomucheconomicbenefits,butalsobroughtmanyproblems.Forexample:

theemergenceofalargenumberofindividualships,resultinginChina'soveralltechnicalconditionoftheshipoperatinglandslides,thequalityofthecrew;Witheconomicdevelopment,varioustypesofmaritimeactivitiesintheincreasinglyfrequent,makingthetransportprocess,everyyearalargenumberofmaritimeaccidents.Chinaasa《1978InternationalConventiononMaritimeSearchandRescue》apartytodoagoodjobintheirareaofresponsibilityofthemaritimesearchandrescuesearchandrescueworkwithourinternationalobligations,istoensurethesafetyofourpeople'slivesandpropertyandpromotethedevelopmentofChina'sshippingindustryanimportantguarantee.Therefore,thedevelopmentandimprovementofChina'smaritimesearchandrescueworkurgently.Marinecruisewithdynamic,real-timecharacteristicsandthisisamaritimesearchandrescuetomeettheneedfortimelyandspeedyrequest,theestablishmentofacruiseonChina'smaritimesearchandrescueintegrationofthedevelopmentofafar-reachingsignificance.

Keyword:

Situationanalysisofsearchandrescue;Cruisesearchandrescueintegrationmodelestablished

Introduction

ThisarticleanalyzesandcomparesChina'ssandtheBritishsearchandrescuecurrentsituation,summarizethefollowingpointstheproblem

（1）Searchandrescuestrengthsystemisimperfect,cannotachievelaunchesanattackrapidly.

（2）Emergencyrescueoperationoftheorganizationofcoordinationarenotsmooth.（3）Emergencyrescuesecurity（searchandrescueequipment,communications,alackoffunds,resources）.（4）Societyofthesalvagepowerofthelackofmotivationmechanism.（5）THEpersonwhosesearchingandrescuingqualityhavetobeimproved.（6）Lackofprofessionalsalvagepower.（7）Lackofinternationalcooperationandexchanges.AccordingtothefaultsofChinesemaritimerescue,andthemainareaforsearchandrescueoftheimplementationofintegrated,sumupthesevenforwardsearchandrescueskills:

（1）Withallkindsofseacommunicationsequipment,communicationsnetworkofthewinding.

（2）Therelevantbodiesaswellasexchange,theestablishmentandimprovementofinformationsharedmechanism.（3）Changethestatusquoondutyanddynamiconstandbymode.（4）Improvethehardwareconstructionforsearchandrescueintegration.（5）Inthemaritimetraininginstitutessetupinstitutionsandtrainingofacruiseandtheknowledgeandskillsneededfortheteamofprofessionals.（6）Establishcruiseandsupervisionmechanism.（7）Strengtheninternationalexchangesandgainedvaluableexperiences.

Content

1ThesituationofChinesemaritimesearchandrescue

In1973,accordingtotheChinanationaleconomicdevelopmentandtheforeigntradeand,inaccordancewiththeneedofinternationalobligationsestablishednationalmaritimesafetycommand,toberesponsiblefortheshipandaircraftmaritimedistressofsearchandrescue.Thiscommandbynavy,airforce,transportation,telecommunications,anddepartmentofChinastateoceanicadministration,coastalprovinces,municipalityautonomousregionwasestablishedcorrespondingprovincialmaritimesecurityheadquarters.Specificfor:

China'smaritimesafetydivisionisChinesemaritimesearchandrescueandreliefagenciesofthecommandcenter,TheportstateadministrationofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaistheestablishmentoftheimplementationofsafetysupervision,shippingport,theadministrativeorgansresponsibleforreceivingChinacoastalandadjacentseaareasofMarinesalvagereportandtheactualdistresscommand,China'smaritimesalvagecompanyistheprofessionalassistanceopenseastatedepartment;salvageChina'scoastalportshavecoaststationsanduhfwirelessphone,accordingtotheinternationaltelecommunicationsregulationsandattendant.

Alongwiththereform,thenameandthedivisionoflaborhavechanged:

nationalmaritimesafetycommandwasrenamedthemaritimesearchandrescuecenterinChina,TheportstateadministrationwasrenamedthemaritimesafetyadministrationPRC,Thetwoagenciesinsearchoffunctionwithoutchange.ButChina'smaritimesalvagecompanyberestructured,salvage,salvagefromthemainduties,theinternalinstitutionsatthecentre"formal",etc.Theagencyestablishedrespectivelyforthenorth.,east,southChinaseathreerescuebureauandtransportationofYantai,Shanghai,Guangzhousalvagebureauunifiedverticalleadershipandmanagement.

Fig1:

Searchandrescueoftheorganizationchart

2ComparedwiththesituationofthesearchandrescuebetweenChinaandBritain,tofindthefeasibilityforchange

WiththecomparisonofBritainmaritimesearchandrescuesystemforChina,themainadvantagefortherescueworkprocedure,searchandrescueworksocialization,specialization,organizationandcoordinationandstrength.Mainlyfor:

2.1Workingprocedure

Allthemaritimesearchandrescuecoordinationcentre（MRCC）areequippedwithsearchsoftwaresystem,thedecisiontoterminateMRCCfromvarioussourcesofrescueoperationscanbethisinformationsoftwaresupport,makesearchandrescueoperationsareorderly.InBritainthemaritimesearchandrescueexecutesflatmanagement,MRCCorbranchaccordingtoregion,andaccordingtothegeographicalpositionsetting,localgovernmentinterventiongenerallydon'twork.Sourcesfromthecommandtorescueresponse,terminationbyMRCCunifiedcoordination.MRCCdutypersonnelauthorizeddisposalcorrespondingsearchandrescueoperations.Therescueorganizations,volunteerscancooperateactively,searchandrescueoperations,accordingtotheprocedurestofinishthetask.Current,themaritimesearchandrescueby4dangerlevelofmanagementmode,andresponseforthenational,provincialandmunicipallevelinthreeaspects,butreactionprocedureofthereactionprocesslongitudinalandtransverseoverlapping,sometimestocoordinateconductor.

AlthoughChinesemaritimerescuebyvariouswaterrescuecenter,butintheorganizationresponsibleforrescueprocessbyvariousgovernmentintervention,oftenoccurwhenthegreatsealevee,especiallythegovernmentsatalllevels,chiefexecutivewillreplacetheemergencyresponseprocedures,rescuecenteraccordingtoprocedurestorescueorganizationsinacertainextent,increasestherescuecommandlevel,reducethesearchandrescueworkefficiency.

2.2Searchandrescueforces

Britainiscurrently90%ofthemaritimesearchandrescueworkcompletedbysocialforces,Marinelifesalvagerelymainlyonthesocialorganizationroyallifeboatassociation（RNLI）isresponsibleforimplementing,maritimeandcoastalprotectionagency（MCA）isresponsibleforthesearchandrescuecoordinationcommand.MCAleased4tugandfourplanesandmilitary8planesforabout10percentofthemaritimesearchandrescuemission.Britishsealeveemostlysmallboatsaccident（mainlyyacht）,thesea,theairforceforBritishdoublestandbyrescueworkprovidestheguarantee,andotherrescuecoordinationMRCCwithouttoomuchpower（suchaspassingships）forrescueoperations.Ourcurrentoffshorestandbypowerfarcannoteffectivelycoverandcoastalwaters.Searchandrescueworkmainlydependsonthesocialforcestoparticipateinsocialforces,butnocorrespondingpolicysupportandparticipationinsocialforces,theconsciousnessoflifeatsea,reliefisnotstrong,enthusiasmisnothigh,rescuecoordinationisdifficult.

2.3Professionally

AlthoughBritainMarinelifesalvagerelymainlyonthesocialforces,butrescueequipmentandpersonnelspecializedlevelishigher.BritishMCA18radarstation,coastalportsofAISgroundandcoverstheentireVTSBritishcoastalwaters.MCAspecialradioandchannelwithin150nmcoverstheBritishwaters,inaddition,MCAaretodevelopsatelliteinthemaritimesearchandrescueareasforfutureuse,introducingthehigh-endsearchtechnology.RNLIconfigurationoftheseahasmorethantenall-weatherlifeboats.12frameforarmyhelicopterrescueandMCAtypemainframes.Theroyalrescueassociation（RLSS）hasusedexclusivelyclifflife-savingriggingandprotectiveinstallationsandusedforthebeach,evenlife-savingkayakingsurfboard.RescueteamsinBritain,thoughonly400（MCA）inthemaritimesearchandrescueofgovernmentstaff,buthaveasufficientnumberofrescueteamofvolunteersandnon-governmentalorganizations.Themaritimesearchandrescuepersonnelspeciallytrainedandregulartraining,ensuretherescueskills,withateamofvolunteersareRLSS,etcRNLIorMCAfolkrescueorganizationsofspecializedtraining,thetrainingofqualifiedforitsregularstilltrainingandassessment,andtoensurethevolunteersinthemaritimesearchandrescuequalifiedcompetency.Ourcountry’scurrentlyengagedinaidreliefshiporwhethertheprofessionalpersonnelarenotequaltoBritain.Thetemporarysocialforcesthathavenorescueskill,takepartinthesearchandrescueoperationwillaffectthesearchandrescueresults.

2.4Training

InBritainthemaritimesearchandrescueorganizationsareveryseriously,forrescuetrainingparticipantsmakestrictservicestandards.AlthoughBritishsearchandrescuewidelyrelyonvolunteers,butwhethertherearestillRNLI（MCA）,perfectingt