曼昆《经济学原理》宏观第五版测试题库 25.docx
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曼昆《经济学原理》宏观第五版测试题库25
Chapter25
ProductionandGrowth
TRUE/FALSE
1.Ifpercapitarealincomegrowsby2percentperyear,thenitwilldoubleinapproximately20years.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-0
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Economicgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
2.Overtheperiod1870-2006,theUnitedStatesexperiencedanaverageannualgrowthrateofrealGDPperpersonofabout4percentperyear.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Economicgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
3.In2006,incomeperpersonintheUnitedStateswasabout12timesthatinIndia.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Economicgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
4.Overtheperiod1900-2006,Brazil’srateofeconomicgrowthexceededthatofChina.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Economicgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
5.Ifacountryhasahigherlevelofproductivitythananother,thenitalsohasahigherlevelofrealGDP.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Productivity
MSC:
Analytical
6.InternationaldataonrealGDPperpersongiveusasenseofhowstandardsoflivingvaryacrosscountries.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
RealGDP
MSC:
Definitional
7.RealGDPperpersoninrichcountries,suchasGermany,issometimesmorethan10timesthatofpoorcountrieslikePakistan.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Standardofliving
MSC:
Definitional
8.BoththestandardoflivingandthegrowthofrealGDPperpersonvarywidelyacrosscountries.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Productivityandgrowth
TOP:
Standardofliving|RealGDPMSC:
Definitional
9.Iftheycouldincreasetheirgrowthratesslightly,countrieswithlowincomewouldcatchupwithrichcountriesinabouttenyears.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Productivityandgrowth
TOP:
Economicgrowth|Catch-upeffectMSC:
Interpretive
10.IntheUnitedStatesrealGDPperpersonisabout$44,000,whileinsomepoorcountriesrealGDPperpersonislessthan$3,000.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Economicgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
11.Althoughgrowthratesacrosscountriesvarysome,rankingsofcountriesbyincomeremainprettymuchthesameovertime.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Economicgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
12.InternationaldataonthehistoryofrealGDPgrowthratesshowsthatoverthelast100yearsorso,richcountriesgotricherandpoorcountriesgotpoorer.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Economicgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
13.Productivitycanbecomputedasnumberofhoursworkeddividedbyoutput.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Productivity
MSC:
Definitional
14.Indonesians,forexample,havealowerstandardoflivingthanAmericansbecausetheyhavealowerlevelofproductivity.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Productivityandgrowth
TOP:
Productivity|StandardoflivingMSC:
Interpretive
15.IfCountryAproduces6,000unitsofgoodsandservicesusing600hoursoflabor,andifCountryBproduces5,000unitsofgoodsandservicesusing450unitsoflabor,thenproductivityishigherinCountryBthaninCountryA.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
25-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Productivity
MSC:
Applicative
16.Likephysicalcapital,humancapitalisaproducedfactorofproduction.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
25-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Productivityandgrowth
TOP:
Physicalcapital|HumancapitalMSC:
Interpretive
17.Humancapitalisthetermeconomistsusetorefertotheknowledgeandskillsthatworkersacquirethrougheducation,training,andexperience.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
25-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Humancapital
MSC:
Definitional
18.Aforestisanexampleofanonrenewableresource.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Naturalresources
MSC:
Definitional
19.Historicaltrendsinthepricesofmostnaturalresourcescomparedtopricesofothergoodsindicatethatnaturalresourceshavebecomescarcerovertime.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
25-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Naturalresources
MSC:
Interpretive
20.Itispossibleforacountrywithoutalotofdomesticnaturalresourcestohaveahighstandardofliving.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Productivityandgrowth
TOP:
Naturalresources|StandardoflivingMSC:
Interpretive
21.Constantreturnstoscaleisthepointonaproductionfunctionwhereincreasinginputswillnolongerincreaseoutput.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
25-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Constantreturnstoscale
MSC:
Interpretive
22.Ascapitalperworkerrises,outputperworkerrises.However,theincreaseinoutputperworkerfromanadditiontocapitalissmaller,thelargeristheexistingamountofcapitalperworker.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Productionfunction
MSC:
Analytical
23.AnincreaseinthesavingratedoesnotpermanentlyincreasethegrowthrateofrealGDPperperson.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Savingrate
MSC:
Definitional
24.Otherthingsthesame,anotherunitofcapitalwillincreaseoutputbymoreinapoorcountrythaninarichcountry.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Productivityandgrowth
TOP:
Productivity|DiminishingreturnsMSC:
Interpretive
25.Thecatch-upeffectreferstotheideathatpoorcountries,despitetheirbestefforts,arenotlikelyevertoexperiencetheeconomicgrowthratesofwealthiercountries.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Catch-upeffect
MSC:
Interpretive
26.TwocountrieswiththesamesavingratesmusthavethesamegrowthrateofrealGDPperperson.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Savingrate|Catch-upeffect
MSC:
Definitional
27.WhenAmericansinvestinRussia,theincomeofRussians（thatis,RussianGNP）risesbymorethandoesproductioninRussia（thatis,RussianGDP）.
ANS:
FDIF:
3REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Foreigninvestment
MSC:
Applicative
28.Ifyourcompanyopensandoperatesabranchinaforeigncountry,youwillbeengaginginforeigndirectinvestment.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
InternationaltradeandfinanceTOP:
Foreigninvestment
MSC:
Definitional
29.Investmentinhumancapitalhasopportunitycosts,butinvestmentinphysicalcapitaldoesnot.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Productivityandgrowth
TOP:
Opportunitycosts|Humancapital|PhysicalcapitalMSC:
Interpretive
30.Incentivesforparentstosendtheirchildrentoschool,suchassmallmonthlypaymentstoparentsiftheirchildrenhaveregularattendance,appeartoincreaseschoolattendance.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Economicgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
31.Acountrythatmadeitscourtslesscorruptanditsgovernmentmorestablewouldlikelyseeitsstandardoflivingrise.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Propertyrights
MSC:
Definitional
32.Ifacountrymadeiteasierforpeopletoestablishandprovetheownershipoftheirproperty,realGDPperpersonwouldlikelyrise.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Propertyrights
MSC:
Interpretive
33.Economistsgenerallybelievethatinward-orientedpoliciesaremorelikelytofostergrowththanoutwardorientedpolicies.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Tradepolicy
MSC:
Definitional
34.Ifarichcountryreducedsubsidiestodomesticproducerswhoproducegoodsforwhichpoorcountrieshaveacomparativeadvantage,thestandardoflivinginthesepoorcountrieswouldlikelyrise.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Tradepolicy
MSC:
Definitional
35.Onereasonthatgovernmentsmayfinditusefultosponsoruniversitiesandbasicresearchisthattoalargeextentknowledgeisgenerallyaprivategood.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Publicgoods
MSC:
Interpretive
36.Thepopulationgrowthratetendstobehigherindevelopedcountriesthanindevelopingcountries.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Populationgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
37.Incountrieswherewomenarediscriminatedagainst,policiesthatincreasethelikelihoodofcareersuccessandeducationalopportunitiesforwomenarelikelytodecreasethebirthrate.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Populationgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
38.Countrieswithhighpopulationgrowthratestendtohavelowerlevelsofeducationalattainment.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Populationgrowth
MSC:
Definitional
39.StudiesconfirmthatcontrollingforothervariablessuchasthepercentageofGDPdevotedtoinvestment,poorcountriestendtogrowatafasterratethanrichcountries.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Catch-upeffect
MSC:
Definitional
40.Anincreaseincapitalincreasesproductivityonlyifitispurchasedandoperatedbydomesticresidents.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
25-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
ProductivityandgrowthTOP:
Foreigninvestment
MSC:
Definitional
41.Otherthingsthesame,aneconomy’sfactorsofproductionarelikelytobeusedmoreeffectivelyifthereisaneconomywider
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