职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案051419.docx

职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案051419.docx

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职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案051419

职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案0514-19

1、Ifweleavenowweshouldmissthetraffic.【单选题】

A.direct

B.stop

C.mix

D.avoid

正确答案:

D

答案解析:

题干大意：

如果现在出发就能避免交通高峰。

miss意为“错过”，如：

I?

missed?

breakfast?

this?

morning.（今早我错过了吃早饭。

）direct意为“指挥”，如：

She?

directed?

the?

planning?

of?

the?

festival.（她统管节日安排。

）stop意为“停止”，如：

Stop?

talking.（别说话。

）mix意为“混合”，如：

Mix?

water?

and?

flour.（将水和面粉混合。

）avoid意为“避免”，最符合题意，如：

Avoid?

making?

any?

noise（避免制造任何噪音。

）

2、I?

enjoyed?

the?

play?

which?

had?

a?

clever?

plot?

and?

funny?

dialogues.【单选题】

A.long

B.boring

C.original

D.humorous

正确答案:

D

答案解析:

题干大意：

我喜欢这出有巧妙情节和风趣对话的戏。

funny意为“有趣的”，如：

a?

funny?

story（有趣的故事）。

long意为“长的”，如：

long?

hair（长发）。

boring意为“枯燥的”，如：

a?

boring?

person（无聊的人）。

original意为“最初的”，如：

Stick?

to?

the?

original?

plan.（坚持原计划。

）humorous意为“幽默的”，最符合题意，如：

The?

film?

is?

humorous?

and?

moving.（这部电影既风趣又动人。

）

3、Smallpoxvirus

It'snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980,whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewild,bydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanet,whatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves?

Inreality,ofcourse,itwasnaivetoimaginethateveryonewouldletgoofsuchapotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhaveafewvials.____thelast“official”stocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia,fornoobviousgain.

NowAmericanresearchershavefoundananimalmodelofthehumandisease,openingthewayfortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Sooneagainthere'sagoodreasontokeepthevirus—justincasethediseaseputsinareappearance.

HowdowedealwiththemistrustoftheUSandRussia?

Simple.Keepthevirusunderinternationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat'sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobject,ofcourse,justasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn'tmeantheideaiswrong.Ifthevirusisuseful,thenlet'smakeittheservantofallhumanity—notjustapartofit.

【单选题】

A.And

B.While

C.Whereas

D.Although

正确答案:

A

答案解析:

上一句句末的标点符号表明本句是一个独立的句子。

只有and可用于一个独立的句子，其他选项都不可以。

4、Themotorcar

Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandonedandallowedtorust.Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.Theyholdthatthecarwillremainaleadingmeansofurbantravelintheforeseeablefuture.

Themotorcarwillundoubtedly.changesignificantlyoverthenext30years.Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,andmoreeconomical,andshouldnotbepoweredbythegasolineengine.Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.

Regardlessofitspowersource,theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficcongestion.Oneproposedsolutiontothisproblemistheautomatedhighwaysystem.

Whentheautoentersthehighwaysystem,aretractable（可伸缩的）armwilldropfromtheautoandmakecontactwitharail,whichissimilartothosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically.Onceattachedtotherail,thecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystem,andcontrolofthevehiclewillpasstoacentralcomputer.Thecomputerwillthenmonitorallofthecar'smovements.

Thedriverwilluseatelephonetodialinstructionsabouthisdestinationintothesystem.Thecomputerwillcalculatethebestroute,andreservespaceforthecarallthewaytothecorrectexitfromthehighway.Thedriverwillthenbefreetorelaxandwaitforthebuzzer（蜂鸣器）thatwillwarnhimofhiscomingexit.Itisestimatedthatanautomatedhighwaywillbeabletohandle10,000vehiclesperhour,comparedwiththe1,500to2,000vehiclesthatcanbecarriedbyapresent-dayhighway.

Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthefutureofautos?

【单选题】

A.Enthusiastic

B.Pessimistic

C.Optimistic

D.Cautious

正确答案:

C

答案解析:

从作者对计算机监控系统的使用来看，作者对自行车的前景是持乐观态度的，所以答案为C。

5、TheIdealHusband

Sciencenowmightbeabletoexplainwomen'sfascinationwithBradPitt'sfaceandGeorgeClooney'seyes.Womenseemtojudgepotentialmatebyhowmasculinetheirfeaturesare,newresearchshows.Menwithsquarejawsandwell-definedbrowridgesareseenasgoodshort-termpartners,whilethosewithmorefemininetraitssuchasarounderfaceandfullerlipsareperceivedasbetterlong-termmates.

InthestudybyDanielKrugerattheUS'sUniversityofMichigan,854subjectsviewedaseriesof____headshotsthathadbeendigitallychangedtoexaggerateorminimizemasculinetraits.Theythen.answeredquestionsabouthowtheyexpectedthemeninthephotostobehave.

Mostparticipantssaidthatthosewithmoremasculinefeatureswerelikelytoberisky,competitive,andmoreapttofight,challengebosses,cheatonspousesandputlesseffortintoparenting.Thosewithmorefemininefaceswereseenasgoodparentsandhusbands,hardworkersandemotionallysupportivemates.

But,despiteallthenegativecharacteristics,whenaskedwhotheywouldchooseforashort-termrelationship,womenselectedthemoremasculinelookingmen.BradandGeorge,bothchiseledjawsandwell-definedbrows,thenwouldbegoodforabriefromance,notforsomethinglonger.

ThestudywaspublishedintheDecemberissueoftheUSjournalPersonalRelationships.

Krugersaidthatfromanevolutionaryperspective,thismakessense.Thekeyistestosterone,thehormoneresponsibleforthedevelopmentofmasculinefacialfeaturesandothersexualcharacteristics.Ithasbeenfoundtoaffectthebody'sabilitytofightdisease:

menwithhighlevelsofthehormonearetypicallystrongandhealthy-traitswomenwanttopassontotheirchildren.

However,increasedtestosteronehasalsobeenlinkedtocheatingandviolenceinrelationships.So,thesemenmightproducehighqualityoffspring,buttheydon'talwaysmakegreatparentsorfaithfulmates,Krugersays.

Thescientificcommunityhaveshownskepticismtowardphysiognomy,whichlinksfacialcharacteristicstocertainbehavioraltraits.ButKrugerarguesthattheresearchisavaluabletoolforunderstandingmatingstrategies.And,ofcourse,forexplainingwhyTonyLeungandTakeshiKanesshirohavemillionsoffemalefans.Itmighthavetodowiththeirgenes.Orsomethingtodowithours.

【单选题】

A.female

B.beautiful

C.attractive

D.male

正确答案:

D

答案解析:

female:

女性的；beautiful:

漂亮的；attractive:

吸引人的；male:

男性的。

该题问的是：

854个调查对象看了一系列什么样的头部镜头？

在第一题的题解中我们说到，本文的主题是讲女人找伴侣，同时也说到女人是根据男性的特征来选择配偶的。

因此在这四个选项中选male是对的。

6、GunRightsintheUS

ImmediatelyaftertheshootingatVirginiaTechUniversity,Americansgatheredtomournthedead.Thepresidentandthestategovernorbothhurriedtheretosharethegrief.ButthemajorityofAmericansstillclingtotheirrighttoownweapons.

Strictlyspeaking,theUSisnottheonlycountrywheregunviolencehasdestroyedlives,familiesandcommunitiesineverydaycircumstance.ButtheUSisoneofthefewcountriesthatseemsunwillingandpoliticallyincapableofdoinganythingserioustostopit.

IncountrieslikeBritainandCanada.Thegovernmentadoptedstricterguncontrolsoonafterseriousgunviolenceincidents.USleaders,however,areheldhostagebythegunlobbyandtheelectoralsystem.

ThepowerfulNationalRifleAssociation,themajorsupporterofgunrightsintheUS,istoostrongforanypartytotakeon.MostRepublicansopposeguncontrolsanyway.Overtheyears,theDemocratshavefoundthattheycaneithercampaignforguncontrolorwinpower,notboth;theypreferpower.

AccordingtotheUSBureauofJusticeStatistics,firearmincidentsaccountedforninepercentofthe4.7millionviolentcrimesin2005.So,althoughopinionpollsshowmostAmericanswantstrictergunlaws,manydon'twanttogiveuptheirarmsthey____toprotectthemselves.

DaveHancock,aVirginiagunlover,isoneexample.Inaninterviewhesaid."IfoneprofessorinVirginiaincidenthadbeencarryingalegalweapontheymighthavebeenabletostopallthis."Inhisopinion,themassacreisanargumentformorepeopletocarry,weapons,notfewer.

ButattherootofAmericans'clingingtotherighttobeararmsisnotjustafearofcrime,butamistrustofgovernment,commentedUK'sGuardiannewspaper.

OneVirginiaresident,whohadapermittocarry;aconcealedfirearm,toldtheGuardianthinitwaseveryAmerican'sresponsibilitytohaveagun.

"Eachperson,"hesaid,"shouldnotrelysolelyonthegovernmentforprotection."

【单选题】

A.hide

B.buy

C.sell

D.keep

正确答案:

D

答案解析:

所给的四个动词中，只有keep是状态动词，本句应选择填状态动词。

7、BreastCancerDeathsRecordLow

Thenumberofwomendyingfrombreastcancerhasfallentoarecordlowbydroppingunder12,000ayearforthefirsttimesincerecordsbegan.

TheCancer'ResearchUKdatashowedthat11.990womendiedintheUKin2007.

Thepreviouslowestfigurehadbeenrecordedin1971-theyearrecordsbegan-afterwhichitrosesteadilyyearbyyearuntilthelate1980s.

ProfessorPeterJohnson,CancerResearchUK'schiefclinician.said:

"It'sincrediblyencouragingtoseefewerwomendyingfrombreastcancernowthanatanytimeinthelast40years,despitebreastcancerbeingdiagnosedmoreoften."

"Researchhasplayedacrucialroleinthisprogressleadingtoimprovedtreatmentsandbettermanagementforwomenwiththedisease."

"TheintroductionoftheNHS（国民保健制度）breastscreening3programhasalsocontributedaswomenaremorelikelytosurvivetheearliercancerisdiagnosed."

BreastcancerisnowthemostcommoncancerintheUKwith45,500womeneveryyeardiagnosedwiththedisease-a50%risein25years.

Thenumberofdeathspeakedin1989,when15,625womendied.Itthenfellbybetween200and400deathseachyearuntil2004.

Therewasasli