英语6级17篇阅读.docx

英语6级17篇阅读.docx

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英语6级17篇阅读

　1Scatteredthroughtheseasoftheworldarebillionsoftonsofsmallplantsandanimalscalledplankton.Mostoftheseplantsandanimalsaretoosmallforthehumaneyetosee.Theydriftaboutlazilywiththecurrents,providingabasicfoodformanylargeranimals.Planktonhasbeendescribedastheequivalentofthegrassesthatgrowonthedrylandcontinents,andthecomparisonisanappropriateone.Inpotentialfoodvaluehowever,planktonfaroutweighsthatofthelandgrasses.Onescientisthasestimatedthatwhilegrassesoftheworldproduceabout49billiontonsofvaluablecarbohydrateseachyear.Thesea’splanktongeneratesmorethantwiceasmuch.

　　Despiteitsenormousfoodpotential,littleeffortwasmadeuntilrecentlytofarmplanktonaswefarmgrassesonland.Nowmarinescientistshaveatlastbeguntostudythispossibility,especiallyasthesea’sresourcesloomevenmoreimportantasameansoffeedinganexpandingworldpopulation.

　　Nooneyethasseriouslysuggestedthat“planktonburgers”maysoonbecomepopulararoundtheworld.Asapossiblefarmedsupplementaryfoodsource,however,planktonisgainingconsiderableinterestamongmarinescientists.

　　Onetypeofplanktonthatseemstohavegreatharvestpossibilitiesisatinyshrimplikecreaturecalledkrill.Growingtotwoorthreeincheslong,krillprovidethemajorfoodforthegiantbluewhale,thelargestanimalevertoinhabittheEarth.Realizingthatthiswhalemaygrow100feetandweigh150tonsatmaturity,itisnotsurprisingthateachonedevoursmorethanonetonofkrilldaily.

　　Krillswimaboutjustbelowthesurfaceinhugeschoolssometimesmileswide,mainlyinthecoldAntarctic.Becauseoftheirpinkcolor,theyoftenappearasasolidreddishmasswhenviewedfromashiporfromtheair.Krillareveryhighinfoodvalue.Apoundofthesecrustaceanscontainsabout460calories—aboutthesameasshrimporlobster,towhichtheyarerelated.

　　Ifthekrillcanfeedsuchhugecreaturesaswhales,manyscientistsreason,theymustcertainlybecontendersasnewfoodsourceforhumans.

　　1.Whichofthefollowingbestportraystheorganizationofthepassage?

　　A.Theauthorpresentstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofplanktonasafoodsource.

　　B.Theauthorquotespublicopiniontosupporttheargumentforfarmingplankton.

　　C.Theauthorclassifiesthedifferentfoodsourcesaccordingtoamountofcarbohydrate.

　　D.Theauthormakesageneralstatementaboutplanktonasafoodsourceandthenmovestoaspecificexample.

　　2.Accordingtothepassage,whyisplanktonregardedtobemorevaluablethanlandgrasses?

　　A.Itiseasiertocultivate.

　　B.Itproducesmorecarbohydrates.

　　C.Itdoesnotrequiresoil.

　　D.Itismorepalatable.

　　3.Whydoestheauthormention“planktonburgers”?

　　A.Todescribetheappearanceofonetypeofplankton.

　　B.Toillustratehowmuchplanktonawhaleconsumes.

　　C.Tosuggestplanktonasapossiblefoodsources.

　　D.Tocomparethefoodvaluesofbeefandplankton.

　　4.Whatismentionedasoneconspicuousfeatureofkrill?

　　A.Theyarethesmallestmarineanimals.

　　B.Theyarepinkincolor.

　　C.Theyaresimilarinsizetolobsters.

　　D.Theyhavegrasslikebodies.

　　5.Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingasreasonswhyplanktoncouldbeconsideredahumanfoodsourceexceptthatitis___.

　　A.highinfoodvalue.

　　B.inabundantsupplyintheoceans.

　　C.anappropriatefoodforotheranimals.

　　D.freeofchemicalsandpollutants.

　　答案：

DBCBD

2Inthelast12yearstotalemploymentintheUnitedStatesgrewfasterthanatanytimeinthepeacetimehistoryofanycountry–from82to110millionbetween1973and1985–thatis,byafullonethird.Theentiregrowth,however,wasinmanufacturing,andespeciallyinno–blue-collarjobs…

　　Thistrendisthesameinalldevelopedcountries,andis,indeed,evenmorepronouncedinJapan.Itisthereforehighlyprobablethatin25yearsdevelopedcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesandJapanwillemploynolargeraproportionofthelaborforceInmanufacturingthandevelopedcountriesnowemployinfarming–atmost,10percent.TodaytheUnitedStatesemploysaround18millionpeopleinblue-collarjobsinmanufacturingindustries.By2010,thenumberislikelytobenomorethan12million.Insomemajorindustriesthedropwillbeevensharper.Itisquiteunrealistic,forinstance,toexpectthattheAmericanautomobileindustrywillemploymorethanone–thirdofitspresentblue-collarforce25yearshence,eventhoughproductionmightbe50percenthigher.

　　Ifacompany,anindustryoracountrydoesnotinthenextquartercenturysharplyincreasemanufacturingproductionandatthesametimesharplyreducetheblue-collarworkforce,itcannothopetoremaincompetitive–oreventoremain“developed.”Theattempttopreservesuchblue–collarjobsisactuallyaprescriptionforunemployment…

　　ThisisnotaconclusionthatAmericanpoliticians,laborleadersorindeedthegeneralpubliccaneasilyunderstandoraccept.WhatconfusestheissueevenmoreitthattheUnitedStatesisexperiencingseveralseparateanddifferentshiftsinthemanufacturingeconomy.Oneistheaccelerationofthesubstitutionofknowledgeandcapitalformanuallabor.Wherewespokeofmechanizationafewdecadesago,wenowspeakof“robotization“or“automation.”Thisisactuallymoreachangeinterminologythanachangeinreality.WhenHenryFordintroducedtheassemblylinein1909,hecutthenumberofman–hoursrequiredtoproduceamotorcarbysome80percentintwoorthreeyears–farmorethananyoneexpectstoresultfromeventhemostcompleterobotization.Butthereisnodoubtthatwearefacinganew,sharpaccelerationinthereplacementofmanualworkersbymachines–thatis,bytheproductsofknowledge.

　　1.Accordingtotheauthor,theshrinkageinthemanufacturinglaborforcedemonstrates______.

　　A.thedegreetowhichacountry’sproductionisrobotized

　　B.areductioninacountry’smanufacturingindustries

　　C.aworseningrelationshipbetweenlaborandmanagement

　　D.thedifferencebetweenadevelopedcountryandadevelopingcountry

　　2.Accordingtotheauthor,incoming25years,adevelopedcountryorindustry,inordertremaincompetitive,oughtto______.

　　A.reducethepercentageoftheblue-collarworkforce

　　B.preserveblue–collarjobsforinternationalcompetition

　　C.acceleratemotor–canmanufacturinginHenryFord’sstyle

　　D.solvetheproblemofunemployment

　　3.Americanpoliticiansandlaborleaderstendtodislike_____.

　　A.confusioninmanufacturingeconomy

　　B.anincreaseinblue–collarworkforce

　　C.internalcompetitioninmanufacturingproduction

　　D.adropintheblue–collarjobopportunities

　　4.Theword“prescription”in“aprescriptionforunemployment”maybetheequivalentto______

　　A.somethingrecommendedasmedicaltreatment

　　B.awaysuggestedtoovercomesomedifficulty

　　C.somemeasurestakeninadvance

　　D.adevicetodire

　　5.Thispassagemayhavebeenexceptedfrom________

　　A.amagazineaboutcapitalinvestment

　　B.anarticleonautomation

　　C.amotor-carmagazine

　　D.anarticleonglobaleconomy

　　答案：

AADCD

3Whatdoesthefutureholdfortheproblemofhousing?

Agooddealdepends,ofcourse,onthemeaningof“future”.Ifoneisthinkingintermsofsciencefictionandthespaceage,itisatleastpossibletoassumethatmanwillhavesolvedsuchtrivialandearthlyproblemsashousing.Writersofsciencefiction,fromH.G.Wellsonwards,havehadlittletosayonthesubject.Theyhaveconveyedthesuggestionthatmenwillliveingreatcomfort,witheveryconceivableapparatustomakelifesmooth,healthyandeasy,ifnothappy.Buttheyhavenotsaidwhathishousewillbemadeof.Perhapssomenewbuildingmaterial,asyetunimagined,willhavebeendiscoveredorinventedatleast.Onemaybecertainthatbricksandmortar（泥灰，灰浆）willlonghavegoneoutoffashion.

　　Buttheproblemsofthenextgenerationortwocanmorereadilybeimagined.Scientistshavealreadypointedoutthatunlesssomethingisdoneeithertorestricttheworld’srapidgrowthinpopulationortodiscoveranddevelopnewsourcesoffood（orboth）,millionsofpeoplewillbedyingofstarvationoratthebestsufferingfromunderfeedingbeforethiscenturyisout.Butnobodyhasyetworkedoutanyplanforhousingthesegrowingpopulations.Admittedlytheworstsituationswilloccurinthehottestpartsoftheworld,wherehousingcanbelightstructureorinbackwardareaswherestandardsaretraditionallylow.Buteventheminimumshelterrequiresmaterialsofsomekindandintheteeming,bulgingtownsthelow-standard“housing”offlattenedpetrolcansanddirtycanvasisfarmorewastefulofgroundspacethancanbetolerated.

　　Sincethewar,HongKonghassufferedthekindofcrisiswhichislikelytoariseinmanyotherplacesduringthenextgeneration.Literallymillionsofrefugeesarrivedtoswellthealreadygrowingpopulationandemergencystepshadtobetakenrapidlytopreventsqualor（肮脏）anddiseaseandthespreadcrime.Thecityistacklingthesituationenergeticallyandenormousblocksoftenements（贫民住宅）arerisingatanastonishingaped.ButHongKongisonlyonesmallpartofwhatwillcertainlybecomeavastproblemandnotmerelyahousingproblem,becausewhenpopulationgrowsatthisratethereareaccompanyingproblemsofeducation,transport,hospitalservices,drainage,watersupplyandsoon.NoteveryareamaygivethesameresourcesasHongKongtodrawuponandthesearchforquickerandcheapermethodsofconstructionmustnevercease.

　　1.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofhousingproblemsinthefirstparagraph?

　　A.Theymaybecompletelysolvedatsometimeinthefutur