人教版高中英语必修一重点词汇句型.docx
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人教版高中英语必修一重点词汇句型
U1
addsth.up把……加起来
addsth.tosth.把……加到/进……里
addupto加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)
addto增加;增添
upsetupsetupset
sthupsetsb某事使某人心烦不安
sbupsetsth某人打翻某物
sbbeupsetaboutsth
ignore
beignorantof对···不了解,无知
outofignorance出于无知
stay/keep/becalm保持镇静
AsfarasIamconcerned就我而言
Sbbeconcernedaboutsth担心
Sbbeconcernedin/withsth涉及
Concerningsth=Regardingsth关于,某事
gothroughahardtime经历了一段困难时期
gothroughthebaggage检查行李
gothroughthenewspaper浏览报纸
gothroughlotsofmoney花了很多钱
setdowntheideasonpaper把想法写在纸上
setmedownatthebus-stop在车站让我下车
aseriesof
onpurpose=bydesign故意
byaccident=bychance偶然,碰巧
inorder(not)toinorderthat
soas(not)tosothat
atduskatdawn
powerpowerful
cometopower当前
dosthfacetoface
aface-to-facetalk
drawthecurtain放下窗帘
dust-dusty
dirt-dirty
settledown
settleinsw在某地定居
settleanargument/amatter解决争端/问题
sufferfrom因……而痛苦,患……病
sufferfromloneliness因孤独而痛苦
sufferfromabadcold得了重感冒
遭受,蒙受(痛苦、饥饿、寒冷、损失等)
sufferaheavyloss遭受严重损失
sufferpain/hunger/cold/death遭受痛苦;饥饿;寒冷;死亡
sufferern.受苦者sufferingn.痛苦,苦难
recoverfromillness
betiredof(doing)sth厌烦做某事
betiredfrom(doing)sth因做某事很累
packup
apackof一包
havetroublewithsb与某人闹别扭
havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth
fallinlovewithsb
begratefultosbforsth
swapAforB
Youhadtopaytogetitrepaired
Get/havesthdone
Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.主语补足语
While(youwere)walkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbya
car.主句与从句一致,切从句含有be动词,主语和be动词可一起省略
Tellhimthatheshouldhavestudied.本该做却没做
Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsand
thoughts?
定语从句
HerfamilywasJewishsonearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.
becauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsoIwonderifit's
crazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.不定式作后置定语
Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,
moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.定语从句
Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoon
bymyself.
itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface…
Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.
现在分词作后置定语
It'snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreally
mustbeexperienced.定语从句
Shefounditdifficulttosettleandcalmdowninthehidingplace.It作形式宾语
Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem.
Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.
U2
重点单词和短语
becauseof
dueto
thanksto
owingto
asaresultof
onaccountof
native
adj.本地的,本国的
one'snativeland/country/language故乡;祖国;母语
anativespeakerofEnglish以英语为母语的人benativeto(动植物)原产于某地
n.本地人;当地人;原产于某地的动植物anativeofZhongXiang钟祥人
comeup:
走上前来;被提出;(太阳、月亮)升起;发生
Hecameuptomeandsaidhellotome
Yourquestioncameupatthemeeting
Thesunhascomeup
I'llletyouknowifanythingcomesup
comeupwithagoodidea:
想出一个好点子
base
vt.以……为根据:
basesth.onsth.使……以……为依据/基础
baseone'sopinionsonfacts:
意见以事实为依据bebasedon:
以……为依据
n.基础:
makeLondonthebaseforrevolutionarywork使伦敦成为革命工作的根据地
basisn.根据;基本原则
onthebasisof……在……的基础上thebasisof/foryouropinion你的看法的依据
presentv.赠送;呈现;介绍;描述
presentsth.tosb./presentsb.withsth.向某人赠送/颁发/授予/介绍某物
presentsb.tosb.else向某人介绍/引见某人
adj现在的;在场地
bepresentatthemeeting出席会议everyonepresent在场的各位
thepresentsituation目前的形式
atpresent/atthepresenttime目前;现在
forthepresent眼下;暂时
n.赠品;礼物
makeuseof利用;使用makefulluseof充分利用
makegooduseof好好利用makelittleuseof不充分利用
makethebest(use)of更好地利用;往好里做makethemostof更好地利用
Hisprogressinstudyliesinthegoodusehemadeofhissparetime
Weshouldconsiderwhatusecanbemadeofsuchamaterial
suchas:
用于列举,往往不能把事物全部列出,可以以“名词(,)suchas+被列举的事物”和“such+名词+as+被列举的事物”形式出现
Sweetfood,suchaschocolatecanmakeyoufat
=Suchsweetfoodaschocolatecanmakeyoufat
command
V.命令;指令;掌握
commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事
command(that)sb.(should)dosth.从句中用虚拟语气
n.命令;指令;掌握
haveagoodcommandofEnglish.精通/熟练掌握英语
requestV.请求,要求
requeststh.fromsb.向某人索要某物
requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事
requestthatsb.(should)dosth.
It'srequestedthat从句据要求asrequested依据请求
playanimportant/vitalpart/rolein(doing)sth.在……中起重要/至关重要的作用
playtheleadingrole/part起主要作用,起带头作用,演主角
recognizevt.识别;认出
recognizesb./sb'svoice.认出某人/听出某人的声音
recognizesth./sb.tobe承认某人是……
recognizesth./sb.assth.正式认可/接受某事/人为……
recognitionn.承认,认出beyond/outofrecognition认不出来
alargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakers许多英语讲得流利的人
thenumberofpeoplelearningEnglish学习英语的人的数目
makesense有道理;有意义;讲得通
Insomeimportantwaystheyareverydifferentfromoneanother.
AtfisttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferent
fromtheEnglishspokentoday.过去分词作后置定语
ItwasbasemoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.定语从句
EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanish
andlaterFrench.定语从句
ThelattergaveaseparateidentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling.
TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.现在分词作后
置定语
Theflyagreedimmediatelywithoutasecondthought.
Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.
ManypeoplebelievetheEnglishspokenonTVandtheradioisstandardEnglish.过去分
词作后置定语
ThosewhoreportthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.定语从句
Youwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.掌握way作先行词的关系词
Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressionsdifferentfromthestandardlanguage.
TheUSAisalargecountryinwhichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken.
U3
prefervt.更喜欢
prefercoffeetotea.更喜欢咖啡而不是茶
preferdoingtodoing更喜欢干……而不愿干……
prefertodoratherthando宁愿干……而不愿干……
preferthatsb(should)do更宁愿某人干…
preferencen.(两者之中)较喜欢的东西;偏好;偏爱
haveapreferencefor…对……偏爱
havenoparticularpreference没有特别的偏好
persuadevt.说服;劝服、
persuadesb.todosth.=persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做……
persuadesb.nottodo=persuadesb.outofdoing说服某人停止做……;劝阻某人做……
persuadesb.ofsth.或persuadesb.+that从句使某人相信
persuasiveadj.有说服力的
6、schedule:
n.时间表;进度表
aheadofschedule较预定的时间提前onschedule按照预定的时间,按时
behindschedule迟于预定的时间;拖后
vt.为……安排时间
schedulethemeetingforthatnight会议的时间定在那天晚上
预定做某事bescheduledtodosth.
下定决心、determinevt.&vi.确定;决定;使…10决定做某事determinetodo
使某人决定做某事determinesb.todosth.
determineonearlystart
已决定了的;坚定的;坚决的determinedadj
决定干某事bedeterminedtodosth
意志坚定的人adeterminedlook坚定的表情adeterminedman
坚决地决定;决心withdeterminationdetermination
意志坚定的人amanofgreatdetermination
高度atanaltitudeof=ataheightof在……/时;以……”at表示“在……处……的价格atapriceof以以……速度ataspeed/rateof
在……长度atalengthof
……深度,宽度atadepth/widthof在在……远的距离atadistanceof
以……为代价atthecostof
readone'smind看出某人心思makeupone'smind下决心speakone'smind直言不讳keepone'smindon专心于
bear/keepsth.inmind记住某事
giveoff发出(蒸汽、光、热等)……)屈服;让步;投降givein(tosb./sth.)(向分发;筋疲力尽giveout
一步;速度;步调pace.n.
齐步前进跟keeppacewith……态度;看法attitude,n.
对我们采取友善的态度takeafriendlyattitudeto/towardsus.
消极态度holdapositive/negativeattitude持积极/坚决要求;主张insistv.
坚决要求(某人)做insiston(sb's)doingsth.
坚决要求(我)戒烟insiston(my)givingupsmoking
从句insist+
Heinsistedthathewasright.他坚持认为他是正确的
Heinsistedthatheshouldbesetfree.他坚决要求他被释放
view.n.视野;视力;景色;看法;观点comeintoview进入视线be/gooutofview从视野消失欣赏景色admiretheview
依我看来frommypointofview
taketheviewthat从句,持有……观点
V.考虑;观看viewsb.assth.把……看作
24、putupthetents.搭起帐篷putupyourhands举手
putupthepost张贴海报putuptenpeoplefornight为十人提供食宿过夜
WangWeisoongottimeinterestedincyclingtoo.
ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereit
beginstowhereitends.强调句
sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.虚拟语气
WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycold,shesaidit
wouldbeaninterestingexperience.主动被动态情况
Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travelingacrosswesternYunnan
Province.现在分词作伴随状语
TheveryfirsttimethatJoesawthefilm“ET”directedbyStevenSpielberg,hemadeuphis
mindtobecomeadirectortoo.作连词
Alongthewaychildrendressedinlongwoolcoatsstoppedtolookatus.过去分词作后置
定语
Atonepointweweresohighthatwefoundourselvescyclingthroughclouds.
Wecanhardlywaittoseethem.
U4burst(burst,burst)vi.爆裂;爆发burstin突然插嘴;打断burstintoaplace=breakintoaplace突然闯进
/起火burstintotears/laughters/flames突然大哭/大笑
/唱起来burstoutcrying/laughing/singing突然哭起来/笑起来
怒火的迸发aburstoflaughter/applause一阵笑声/掌声aburstofangern.一阵
最后;终于atanend结束;终结intheend
在结尾处;在(……)结束的时候attheend(ofsth.)
在本月末bytheendofthismonth
成为一片废墟ruinn.废墟;毁灭;遗迹be/lie/standinruins
theruinsofYuanmingyuan圆明圆遗迹灭v.毁灭;使破产/使某人希望破灭ruinone'shoperuinone'shealth毁坏某人健康破坏;毁坏;消灭destroy(destroyed,destroyed)vt.
使希望破灭destroy/ruinone'shopedestroythebuilding毁坏建筑destructionn.破坏;毁坏
轨道;足迹;痕迹keeptrackof记录;掌握……的线索trackn.
shock:
n.休克;打击;震惊;令人震惊的事