航海英语考试内容总结.docx
《航海英语考试内容总结.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《航海英语考试内容总结.docx(7页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![航海英语考试内容总结.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2022-12/10/d6d2274b-72e1-44bc-90fd-50c427861d26/d6d2274b-72e1-44bc-90fd-50c427861d261.gif)
航海英语考试内容总结
航海英语考试内容总结
ISM规则属于SOLAS公约的chapterIX“International
SafetyManagement(ISM)Code”ISM宗旨ThepurposeofthisCodeistoprovideaninternationalstandardforthesafemanagementandoperationofshipsandforpollutionprevention.
”Companymeanstheowneroftheshiporanyotherorganizationorpersonsuchasthemanager,orthebareboatcharterer,whohasassumedtheresponsibilityforoperationoftheshipfromtheshipownerandwho,onassumingsuchresponsibility,hasagreedtotakeoveralldutiesandresponsibilityimposedbytheCode.
船件长Master'sresponsibilityandauthority.
1implementingthesafetyand
environmental-protectionpolicyoftheCompany;
.2motivatingthecrewintheobservationofthatpolicy;.3issuingappropriateordersandinstructionsinaclearandsimplemanner;
.4verifyingthatspecifiedrequirementsareobserved;5reviewingthesafetymanagementsystemandreportingitsdeficienciestotheshore-basedmanagement.
themasterhastheoverridingauthorityandtheresponsibilitytomakedecisionswithrespecttosafety1properlyqualifiedforcommand;
.2fullyconversantwiththeCompany'ssafetymanagementsystem;
andpollutionpreventionandtorequesttheCompanysassistanceasmaybenecessaryandthemaster'dutiescanbesafelyperformed相关证书DOC“DocumentofCompliance”meansadocumentissuedtoaCompanywhichcomplieswiththerequirementsofthisCode.
SMC“SafetyManagementCertificate”meansadocumentissuedtoashipwhichsignifiesthattheCompanyanditsshipboardmanagementoperateinaccordancewiththeapprovedsafetymanagementsystem
SMM“SafetyManagementMenue”
(SafeOperationofShipsandMarineEnvironmentalProtection)安全管理系统
SMS“Safetymanagementsystem”meansastructuredanddocumentedsystemenablingCompanypersonneltoimplementeffectivelytheCompanysafetyandenvironmentalprotectionpolicy.NC不合格项Non-conformity纠正措施meansan
observedsituation
whereobjectiveevidenceindicatesthenon-fulfilmentofaspecifiedrequirement.EmergencyResponseFire,explosion,flooding,grounding,stranding,sinking,foundering,listing,capsizing,robbery,piracy,injury,manoverboard,collision,contact,wavedamage,shortlanded,overlanded,disableandadrift,breakingapart,pollution
应急种类Plansandmanuals
PlansSOPEP(ShipboardOilPollutionEmergencyPlan),SAPEP,Firecontrolplan,Musterlist,contingencyplan
ManualsHowtooperatemachines,etc.ProceduresonArrivalorDeparturefromaForeignPorts.
海事公约IntroductiontotheMaritimeLaws
SOLASConvention(TheinternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea)范围Theregulationsrelatingtolifesavingappliancesandarrangements作用areintendedtoensurethatintheeventofacatastrophe(disaster)atsea,passengersandcrewhavethegreatestchancesofsurvival.
Improveddesignandequipment,betterfireprotection,satellitecommunications,rescueplanesandhelicoptersandtrainedpersonnelalsocontributetoimprovedsafety
atsea.
MARPOL73/78(Theprotocolof1978totheinternationalconventionthepreventionofpollutionfromships,1973《经19xx年议定书修订的19xx年国际防止船舶造成污染公约》)
STCWConvention(ItstandsfortheInternationalConventiononStandardofTraining,Certification,andWatchkeepingforSeafarers,1978,asamendedin1995《19xx
年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》19xx年修正案)
MLC06(MaritimeLabourConvention20xx)及各大公章节
TitanicInApril12th,1912Titanicallidedwithice-mountainsandfounderdeatCapeRace,Newfoundland.1503peoplelosttheirlivesinthisdisaster.
原因Titanicdidnothaveenoughlifeboatsforallpassengers.2.passengerswerelackingofbasiclifesavingknowledgeinthisdisaster.3.theradioofficerhadgoneoffdutywhentheTitanicdistress
messagesweresent.seatemperaturewhenTitanicsankwasbelowfreezingpointandmanypeoplediedinthewaterfromhypothermia(lostbodytemperature).
五险一金fivemajorpremiumsandARewardingFund
养老保险,endowmentinsurance.Pension.Todepositmoneyinaspecialaccountwhichwewillbeabletousethoseperiodicallyafterretirement.
---医疗保险,hospitalizationinsurance.Todepositmoney
inaspecialaccountwhichwewillbeabletousethosewhenwearehosptialized.---失业保险,insuranceforunemployment.Todepositmoneyinaspecialaccountwhichwewillbeabletousethoseperiodicallyafterretirementandweareabletouseitunderunemployment.---工伤保险,insuranceforoccupationalinjury.Togetpremiumsafterinjuriesfromthejob.
---生育保险,insuranceforbearingchildren.
AccumulationFundforHousing
Shipowners船东orbareboatcharterers光租船东Personswhoownsshipsoraresublettheship(s)byactualshipowner(s).FunctionsforSeafarersPayallwagesandotherincomesforshipmastersandseafarersonboardtheshipsinaccordancewiththelegaldocuments—voyagecontracts.Management
CompaniesPersonswhoowncompanieswithresourcesofseafarers.FunctionsforSeafarers--Assisttheseafarersforjobhunting.(Interviewbytheshipowner,employment)
--Claimforanydamagesfrominjuries.
(Fromshipowners,insurancecompanies,P&lclubs,etc.)--Employlawyersorattorney.
(Hearinginacourt,orarbitrations)
--Counterclaimforseafarers.(unemployed,illtreated,
dis-promoted,)
--Promotionsandrenewalsofcertificatesforseafarers.
--Pension(death,injury,robbery)
大型船舶有限公司:
中国远洋运输公司COSCO,中国
海运集团公司Chinashipping
第二篇:
英语考试技巧总结4200字
听力
第一、二部分:
1、做听力之前,短、长对话都先浏览一半题目,以免后面来不及看,抓关键词(V、adj),
速度要快!
2、看主语是谁(He\She),就注意听哪一个说的话。
3、句式相差太大的那一项,一般不选。
4、短对话一般听到什么选什么,长对话需要注意一下。
尤其是有转折、递进、因果、让步
(though'although)、举例、逻辑(eg:
itissaid\
reportedthat这些词后面,都是重要信息!
5、听力一般考时间、地点、人物、事件、态度。
6、最关键也是最直接的就是听清问题。
第三部分:
1、提前浏览下填词的部分,看看需要什么性质的词,单复数与时态常考。
2、写句子时听到什么都写下来,尤其是谓语动词、词
组、短语、形容词,能写都写下来,
不写就一分都得不到。
遇到不会写的单词,可以用你熟悉的代替,意思表达出来也会给分的。
(二)、阅读
一、快速阅读:
只有15分钟时间,所以平时就要练速度,先读一两个问题,通过人名、地点等大写词进去找,或者数字、符号这些,一般有那个关键词在的地方就能找到答案,如果不是原句,可能就只是换了个动词或形容词,答案一样!
二、深入阅读
25分钟3篇阅读,如果做不完就只有从翻译、完型那挤点时间,不过要保证另外2个的质量。
最多也就5分钟,所以做阅读时,要注意几点:
1、带问题找,有快有慢,到了问题中的关键词那时,放慢速度理解意思,尤其是对某句话
的理解这类题,前后句都会有所帮助。
2、文中频繁出现的词,一般就是中心事物,选答案时
多数找含有这个词的。
3、有些路标词(因果、转折、递进、强调。
。
。
)的词后,大多为重要内容。
4、举3种常见的类型:
A信息传播型:
主要看时间、地点、人物、情节、特点。
B分析论说型:
作者观点(asIseeit\Ibelieve\prefer\amsure)、主要针对哪方面。
C事实证明型:
结论-----在开头结尾余下为数据、科学观察、实验结果、
引用权威等事实。
5、一般考主旨、目的、原因,细节,要注意像Except'Nottrue这些词。
(三)完型
15分钟。
若阅读一直提不起速度,就把完型的时间控制
在12分钟以内。
1、花2、3分钟浏览一下全文,时间太急就看一半,知道讲什么就行。
2、完型一般考词汇的意思、固定搭配、连词(常用于开头或句子之间的副词)、形式相似
单词的意义区别。
一般选常用的词。
(四)翻译
5分钟,写完作文后就可先看看翻译,需要哪些句型、固定搭配,听听力前,该看的看完后有时间可先写上自己会的,节约时间。
不会的做阅读时在里面看看有不,不管肯定写还是否定写,只要写出关键词就行,一定不能空。
(五)写作
1、最基础的就是句子通畅,开头结尾不要出错,单复数、时态要注意,单词不要写错。
2、得高分的关键要有闪光点,适当的正确使用几个高
级词汇、句型(倒装、虚拟、强调等)。
同样意思的词可以
换着使用,不要一直用一个。
Eg:
good可用excellent代替。
lmportant---essential(有必要的)。
分几类,不过有固定模式:
一、社会类:
社会现象:
1、Recently,therehasbeenagrowingconcernabout***amongthepubilc.
2、Alongwiththeadvanceofsociety,****hasbecomeaworseproblemwehavetobeconfrontedwith.
原因:
开头句---Whathaspossiblycontributedtotheproblem?
Maybethereasonscanbelistedasfollows.
或者Generallyspeaking,thereareavarietyofreasonsaccountingforthisphenomenon.
1、First….second…third•v2ononehand….ontheotherhand…厶、tobeginwith***措施:
开头---1、adozenofmeasuresaresupposedtotaketopreventfromdoingmoreharm.
2、Howevergravethecurrentsituationmaybe,westillhaveconfidenceinourgovernmenttodosomething.
3、Seriousastheproblemappears,wecanstillcomeupwithsomepracticialmeasurestocopewithit.Forexample…
结尾----Onlyinthisway,canwe…
二、图表类
描述图表,得出结论:
Asisshown'illustratedbythefigure\percentage(百分比)inthetable'chart(曲线),***hasbeenonrise\decreasedramatically,riseing'decreasingfrom100in1990to1000in20xx.(对图标进行具
体描述)Judgingfromtheshape(居V烈的)decline\riseinthechart,wecandrawaconclusing:
原因---同上
措施---同上
三、利弊型
China'sEntryIntoWTO
Nowadays,
there
hasbeen
a
wide
spread
concern
over
China's
Entry
Into
WTO,
which
iswidely
seento
bring
us
a
blessing
and
promising
future.
Itseemsto
be
so
atfirst
sight.
However,onreflection,weareconvinced(使信服。
。
。
)
that
it's
just
anotherdouble-edged
sword.
On
one
hand,Chinais
to
enjoythebenefits
that
the
organizationprovide
us.
(优点陈述……)
On
the
other
hand,theentrywill
imposesomenegative
effectsonChina(缺点…..)
Whatever
thereason,
the
earlyentry
into
WTOisbeneficialto
country
and
ourlife.We
shouldmakegooduse
ofthe
chances
and
meanwhile
suitably
deal
with
theoutside
competition.All
oureffortsareto
upgradeour
businessscales
andget
more
integrated(使完善)
intotheinternationalbusinesscommunity.
以下为阅读和写作可能用到的句型:
1、递进:
moreover'inadditionto\what'smore'
besides\furthermore'morethanthat'equally
2、因果:
therefore'asaresult(of)'dueto'onaccountohinconsequenceof'resultin(导致)'resultfrom(起因于)----常在完型里考'owingto(归因于)'haveaneffecton
3、总结:
generallyspeaking'onalargescale'asforme'asfarasIamconcerned'obviousely'in
termsof(从。
。
。
方面来说;按照)。
。
。
4、结论:
inconclusion'inshort'onthewhole'finally'inbrief\tosumup'insummary
5、转折:
anyhow'nevertheless'however
6、条件:
inthatcase'inthiscircumstance'unless'otherwise
7、比较:
similarly'likewise'inthesameway'comparedwith..
8、对照:
onthecontrary(正相反)'bycontrast(对比之下)'ratherthan'incomparision
9、定义:
tobedefinedas'itstatesthat'inotherwords….
10、目的:
forthispurpose'sothat'inorderto…
11、强调:
indeed\infact'surely'certainly'tobesure..
12、举例:
forinstance'specifically'takeasan
example…