广东省惠州市届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含答案无听力部分.docx
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广东省惠州市届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题Word版含答案无听力部分
绝密★启用前
惠州市2021届高三第一次模拟考试试题
英语(2021.04)
试卷共8页,卷面满分120分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
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第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D
四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividesayearinto24solarterms(节气).TheSpringEquinox(春分),asthefourthtermoftheyear,startsonMarch20andendsonApril3thisyear.HerearethingsyoumaynotknowabouttheSpringEquinox.
Swallowsflyingnorth
TheancientChinesepeopledividedthefifteendaysoftheSpringEquinoxintothree“hou’s”,orfive-dayparts.Astheoldsayinggoes,swallowsflybacktotheNorthinthefirsthou;thundercrackstheskyinthesecondhou;lightningoccursfrequentlyinthethirdhou.ItvividlyrevealstheclimatefeatureduringtheSpringEquinox.
Egg-standinggames
StandinganegguprightisapopulargameacrossthecountryduringtheSpringEquinox.Itisanoldcustomthatdatesbackto4,000yearsago.Itisbelievedthatifsomeonecanmaketheeggstand,hewillhavegoodluckinthefuture.
Flyingkites
TheSpringEquinoxisagoodtimetoflykites.Inancienttimes,peopledidnothavegoodmedicalresources.Toprayforhealth,theywrotetheirmedicalissuesonapaperkite.Whenthekitewasintheair,peoplewouldcutoffthestringtoletthepaperkitefloataway,symbolizingtheflyingawayofdiseases.
Eatingspringvegetables
EatingspringvegetablesduringtheSpringEquinoxisacommonlypracticedcustominmanyregionsofChina.Springvegetablesrefertoseasonalvegetablesthatdifferfromplacetoplace.TheancientteachingsintheChineseclassic,HuangdiNeijing,suggestthatpeopleeatseasonalfoodstohelppreservehealthandbringgoodluck.
21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedabouttheSpringEquinox?
A.Timedivision.B.Climatefeature.
C.Customaryactivities.D.Historicalstories.
22.WhatwouldancientChinesepeopledotoprayforhealth?
A.Standeggs.B.Flykites.
C.Eatspringvegetables.D.Observetheimmigrationofbirds.
23.Whoarethetargetreadersofthetext?
A.Thegeneralpublic.B.Chinesefarmers.
C.Cultureresearchers.D.Weatherreporters.
B
IcanrememberwhenmydaughterMaggie,whoisnowsix,usedtocrawlintomylapandsay,“Daddy,readmeastory.”Lastyearsheannounced,“Daddy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.”
Maggiewasatelevisionchild.Whenshefirstbecameconsciousofanythingbeyondeatingandsleeping,theTVsetwasrightthere,anditsooncommandedherattention.
Afewyearsago,wewereworriednotonlythatwe’dnevergetthechildrenawayfromthesetlongenoughtolearntoread,butthatwe’dforgethowtoreadourselves.Butin1955therewasnotonlymorereadingthanbeforeTV,butmorereadingthaneverbeforeinhistory.
Clearly,readinghassurvivedtelevisionasithassurvivedalotofotherthings.WhenIwassix,awailwentupaboutmenaces(威胁)toreadingathome:
motorcarsandcinema.WhenMaggiecamealong,therewastelevision.Themotorcar,theradio,thecinemaandtelevisiondotakeupalotoftime.
Well,we’vegotmoretime.Whenmymotherwasagirl,peopleworkedabout60hoursaweek.Nowit’s44.WhenMaggiegrowsup,it’llbe30.Andthere’llbenumerousgadgetstodoherhousework.She’llhavetoread.Youcan’twatchTVallday.
AtpresentMaggieisreadingaboutJohnnyWoodchuck.Aheadofher—andI’malittleenvious—areherfirstbrushwithBlackBeauty,Alicesteppingthroughthelookingglass,HuckandJimdriftingdowntheMississippi,theemotionalstormsofShakespeare,thespiritualagoniesofTolstoy.Forreadingisn’talljoy.Likelifeitself,it’smixedwithmanymoods,fromecstasy(狂喜)todespair.Maggiewilllearntotaketheroughwiththesmooth,gatheringfromtheancientwisdomoflong-deadgeniusalittlefiretoenrichherspirit.
Andsomeday,ifshe’slucky,she’llgetthebiggestthrillofall,whenalittlegirlclimbsintoherlapandannounces,“Mummy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.”
24.WhydotheyounggenerationlikeMaggiehavemoreaccesstoreading?
A.Theyfacelessworkingpressure.
B.Thereismoretimeavailableforreading.
C.Theirparentsencouragethemmoreoften.
D.Theyhaveastrongerdesireforknowledge.
25.WhatmakestheauthorenviousofMaggie?
A.Herexposuretoclassicreading.B.Herproductiveworksinwriting.
C.Herwildimaginationindailylife.D.Herspiritualreflectiononthebooks.
26.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph6imply?
A.Maggiehasrichexperiences.
B.Maggiehasagoodplanforreading.
C.Maggiewillbenefitalotfromreading.
D.Maggieisontheroadtobecomingagenius.
27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?
A.ReadingmakesMaggieafortunategirl.
B.MoregirlslikeMaggieenjoytellingstories.
C.Maggie’sdaughterbringsherthebiggestthrill.
D.Itisablessingthatreadingcanbepasseddown.
C
Atsomepointinourlives,mostofushaveattendedaschooloruniversitylecture.Theselearningsessionsgiveussomeinsightfulandvaluableknowledgeorcanbesomethingweyawnthrough,tryingtokeepawake.Whateverourexperience,lectureshavebeenandstillarethemostcommonteachingmethodineducation.Butwilltheyexistinthefuture?
WiththegrowthoftheInternetandsomuchinformationatourfingertips,youmaythinkthereisnoneedtogathertogetheratafixedlocationholdingahandfuloftextbooks.BBCjournalistMattPicklessays,“Researchhasshownthatstudentsrememberaslittleas10percentoftheirlecturesjustdaysafterwards.”
ProfessorCarlWieman,whocampaignsagainstthetraditionallecture,felttalkingatstudentsandexpectingthemtoabsorbknowledgewasnotthateffectivesoheintroduced“activelearning”thatencouragesproblemsolvinginsmallgroups.Helistenstothemandguidestheirdiscussions.Theresulthasimprovedexamresults.Othernewalternativestothelecturehaveincludedpeer-to-peerlearningandproject-basedlearningthatenablestudentstolinkupandworkcooperativelyonprojectssuchasbuildingacomputergame.
Butnewlearningmethodscancomeatahighfinancialcostcomparedtotherelativelycheapwayofbeingtaughtfacetofacebyanacademic.TherealissueaccordingtoProfessorDanButin,foundingdeanoftheschoolofeducationandsocialpolicyatMerrimackCollegeinMassachusetts,isthat“Academicsputthousandsofhoursofworkintotheirbooksandmuchlesstimeintothinkingabouttheeffectivenessoftheirteachingstyle.”Buthesays,“Thelecturehassurvivedbecauseresearch,notteaching,determinesthesuccessofauniversityanditsacademics.”
Soifresearchqualityisameasureofauniversity’ssuccessandmoneyistight,thenthelecturecouldbehereforalittlelonger.
28.WhatmayMattPicklesagreewith?
A.Studentshaveapoormemory.
B.Studentsdon’tworkhardenough.
C.Lecturesarenotsoeffectiveasexpected.
D.TheInternetoffersfarmoreinformationthanlectures.
29.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?
A.Teachingprojects.B.Learningstrategies.
C.Alternativestolectures.D.Waysofcommunication.
30.WhywilllecturesstillexistinthefutureaccordingtoProfessorDanButin?
A.Theypromoteactivelearning.
B.Theycallfortheleastmemorywork.
C.Theydeterminethesuccessofauniversity.
D.Theycontributetoacademicachievements.
31.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?
A.Byanalyzingdata.B.Bylistingopinions.
C.Bymakingcomparison.D.Byconcludinggeneralrules.
D
Everyfourorfiveyears,vastquantitiesofwarmwaterbuildupalongthewestcoastofSouthAmerica.Thisphenomenon,ElNiño(厄尔尼诺),createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.Theresultiscostly.In2017,forinstance,ElNiñoshutdownnorthernPeru’ssugar-canebusiness.
ModernfarmersviewElNiñostoically(坚忍地).Theyusemoneysavedingoodyearstorebuildinbadones.Buthistorysuggestsitneednotbelikethat.Inapaperpublishedrecently,AriCaramanica,anarchaeologistatUniversityofthePacific,inLima,showshowitusedtobedone.Andtheanswerseemstobe,“better”.
DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Niñoyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today’sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.
Ithadbeenassumedthatancientfarmershadasimilararrangement—andsotheydid.ButDrCaramanicaalsofoundeightcanalsthatcouldcarrywaterfarbeyondtherangeofmodernfarms.Sincetheclimatewassimilartothepresentday’swhenthesecanalsweredug,andtherivernohigher,shesupposedthattheywereintendedtoguidethefloodwaterarrivingduringNiñoyears.Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基础设施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNiño-generatedfloodwater.
EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanica’steamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns(蓄水池)inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.
Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNiño,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.PreciselyhowtheymanagedtheirfieldsinNiñoyearsremainstobediscovered.Butmodernfarmersmightdowelltolearnfromthem.
32.WhatdoweknowaboutElNiñofromthetext?
A.Itcanbeusedinfarming.B.Itisusuallycausedbyfloods.
C.Ithaslittlei