徐绽考研英语必备之新概念第三册课文精读详解.docx
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徐绽考研英语必备之新概念第三册课文精读详解
徐绽:
2010考研英语必备之新概念第三册课文精读详解50篇1
学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的,要把单词放在语句中体会其应用
学习关键句型结构时则要把它放在段落结构或文章里
★spotv.看出,发现
pickout/see/recognize/catchsightof
eg:
Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.
Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏锐的识别错误的能力。
spot(做动词时候)=see:
强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现。
find强调发现的结果。
findout查出事实真相。
discover做出重大发现
notice注意到
observe观察
watch观察活动中的人或画面
spotn.斑点
eg:
Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.
onthespot
1,立刻,马上(atonce,immediately)
Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.
2,attheplaceoftheaction在现场
Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.
★evidencen.证据
Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.
evidence=proof
inevidence:
显而易见的.
Hewasinevidenceattheparty.
evidentlyadv.
evidentadj.
★accumulatevt,vi.积累,积聚
accumulate强调积累的过程
Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.
gathervt.聚集,把某人召集在某处
collect收集,采集
assemble集合,集会,vt.装配
hoard大量地贮存
Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.
hoardup=storeup
amass积聚(主要用于诗歌和文学作品)
★obligev.使…感到必须
feelobligedtodosth.感觉有必要做某事
beobligedtodosth被迫做某事
★huntn.追猎;寻找
runafter强调追赶、追求.
seek追寻(梦想,理想)=pursue
chase追赶.
huntfor
search搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物
★cornerv.使走投无路,使陷入困境
cornern.角落
atthecornerofthestreet
inthecorneroftheroom
onthecornerofthedesk
becornered………被逼得走投无路
常用于被动语态:
Thethiefwascorneredatlast.
Theproblemcorneredme.这个问题把我难例了。
★trailn.一串,一系列
trail==followvt.跟踪
eg:
Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.
★cling(clung,clung)v.粘
eg:
Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.
Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.(抱有,怀有)
stick粘住stickto坚持stickyadj.粘的
★convincevt.使…信服
convincesb.ofsth使sb相信sth
和宾语从句that搭配使用
没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构:
beconvinced
sbbeconvicnedsb相信
★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因
bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknown
somewhat==alittle
★disturbv.令人不安
disturbingadj.令人不安的disturbed感到不安的
surprising令人吃惊的surprised感到吃惊的
exciting令人激动的excited感到激动的
三、【课文精析】
atlarge
1:
逃遁的,没有被控制的。
2:
详细的(indetail)
3:
总体来讲(asawhole)
Keysentence:
Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.
life-like:
栩栩如生的
一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面,但为了保持句子平衡,也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前
定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。
同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容
定语从句的引导词:
指人:
主语who;宾语who/whom;定语whose
表达事物:
that(也可指人)/which
时间状语:
when;地点状语:
where;原因状语:
why
同位语从句:
名词做主语、宾语时,关系词用that而不是which
时间when;地点where
eg:
Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.
Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.
定语从句中没有what这个关系词,但它可以引导同位语从句
(Anidea)…cometosb.某人突然想到了……
takesth.seriously==dealwithsth.seriously认真(严肃)对待某事
takesth.lightly:
草率对待某事
as随着
过去分词做定语
claimtohavedonesth:
声称曾经作过某事
confirm:
besure,becertain
search=hunt
leavebehind:
把某物留在后面
Whereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.伤员所到之处,都留下道道血迹。
英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实,而中文则善于运用动作的执行者
complainof/about:
抱怨
on+名词:
强调动作正在进行
ontherise:
在上升
ontheincrease:
在增加
onthewatch:
在观看
onthematch:
在比赛中
onthefishingtrip:
在钓鱼的途中
onholiday:
在度假
fully:
completely,entirely
inthepossessionofsb==insb'spossession归某人所有
inpossessionofsth.拥有某物
takepossessionof拥有
eg:
Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession/inthepossessionofme.
Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.
Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.
Itisdisturbingtothinkthat一想到………就心里不安
eg:
ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfeltmyexamination.
二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
★equalv.等于
AequalB
与…相匹敌Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.
eg:
MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.
beequalto+n:
1.与…相匹敌
2.有能力做某事to-介词
eg:
Iamequaltorunningthecompany.
★raisev.募集;筹(款)
raisemoney筹款
raiseprice提高
raiseahorse饲养
raiseafamily供养
raisewheet种植小麦
raiseanarmy招募
raiseashout发出喊声
★vicarn.牧师
★torchlightn.电筒光
三、【课文精析】
现在进行时和always等频度副词的搭配——表示说话人带有的情感色彩
Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.
Tomisalwaysdoeshishomework.
Heisalwaysmakingnoises.
oneoranother:
表示某种、这样或那样
getenoughmoney:
筹集足够的资金来做某事
Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhouserepaired.
havethechurchclockrepaired-----havesth.done找某人来做某事
havetheplanerepairedhavehaircut
某人所遭受到的意外某种情况-----主语必须是发出动作的人
Hiswalletwasstolen.Hehadhiswalletstolen.
usedto:
过去常常做,而现在不再发生的事情了
Heusedtosmokeeveryday.
however用于口语,主要用于句首,作文中,最好用在句中、句尾,要用逗号分隔开来
Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistake,however.
or:
Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistake.
Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn’tliketotellyou.
Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn’tliketotellyou.
however可用neverthelessnonetheless替换
start:
惊跳、惊奇
Eg:
Thevoicemadehimstart.
Whatastartyougiveme.你真吓了我一跳
Hestoodupwithastart.
before…才
Nearlyaweekpastbeforehecouldexplainwhathadhappentohim.
Armedwithatorch…
现在分词和过去分词的用法
分词做状语/定语时,一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致
recognizedsbas:
认出某人是
regardsbas,thinkofsbas,treatsbas(把某人对待为),haveonsbas(把某人尊敬为)
whatever:
ever用来加强语气
nightafternight:
一夜连着一夜
dayafterday/yearafteryear/weekafterweek/busafterbus
Keysentence:
youcertainlydidgiveme…
did
肯定句中常用do,did,does加强语气和情感色彩,一定要位于动词原形之前。
Eg:
Youdolikebeautytoday.
aswell用在句尾相当于too,主要用在肯定句中,但比too所表达的语意更优秀
still用于句首,用逗号分隔开来,表达一个转折的关系。
虽然如此,但是
getusedto,beusedtodo,beaccustomedto,getaccustomedto都表示习惯于
get强调渐进的过程,be强调习惯了的状态
Eg:
Weareusedtothecoldweatherhere.
Youwillgetusedtothecoldweatherhere.你很快会适应这寒冷的天气的。
二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
★goddessn.女神
★archaeologistn.考古学家
★Aegeanadj.爱琴海的
★explorev.考察,勘探
Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.
explorationn.
explorern.探险家
★promontoryn.海角
★prosperousadj.(经济上)繁荣的,昌盛的
Ourfinanceisprosperous.
thriving昌盛的,兴旺的
booming蓬勃的,景气的
flourishing繁茂的,健康的
★civilizationn.文明
highlevelofcivilization高度文明
civilizev.
★storeyn.楼层
★drainagen.排水
★worshipn.崇拜
respect;admire
Whodoyouworshipinthworld?
warshipn.军舰战船
★sacredadj.宗教的,神圣的
holyadj.神圣的,圣洁的
solemnadj.庄严的,庄重的
sacredmusic圣乐
sacredpromise神圣的诺言
★fragmentn.碎片
★remainsn.遗物,遗迹,废墟
★classicaladj.(希腊罗马)古文化的
classicalmusic古典音乐
classicaleducation人文科学教育
classicadj.第一流的
Thisisaclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.
classicn.杰作,经典之作
★reconstructv.修复
re-重新,再次
construct构造,建造,组织
buildhouse造建筑物
putupatent
constructasentence
constructabrokenstatuary
erect:
buildhighbuildings
erectmonument建造纪念碑
erectclocktower建造钟楼
setup;establish;found建立
Eg:
setupstudents’union
establishaschool/rule
foundacountry
constructionn.
constructiveadj.有教育意义的
constructorn.建设者
★restv.倚放,放置
★hipn.屁股,臀部
[口]在服用兴奋剂,宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人;消息灵通人士;adj.通晓的,见闻广的
Eg:
Haryisarealhip.玛丽真是赶时髦
Theguyisn’tahip.这家伙什么都不懂
joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的
Eg:
Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.
shootfromthehip信口开河
Eg:
Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn’thaveshotfromthehip.
★full-lengthadj.(裙衣)拖地长的
afull-lengthdress
★gracefuladj.优雅的
agracefullady
elegant(behavier)
★identityn.身份
三、【课文精析】
aninterestingdiscovery:
强调discovery,体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出
主动语态难以突出重点archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery
英文表达:
结果、影响、效果为主语,强调对客观事实的陈述
Keysentence:
AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich…
which引导定语从句,修饰限定temple
whichstandsinanancientcityon…
which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.)locate(vt.)
AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin…
AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliein…
stand表示高高坐落于,矗立于
Eg:
Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestandsonthemount.
Keysentence:
Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,forit…
for引导原因状语从句,对主句的附加说明
because引导原因状语从句,重点突出原因
Eg:
Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.
atonetime:
表达曾经,一度;过去时态的标志,once
musthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测
enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.享有高度文明
with…
Eg:
ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithblackhair
beautifullydecorated过去分词做定语
abeautifullydressedlady衣着漂亮的女士/adesertedcarpark废弃的停车场
awhitepainteddoor被粉刷成白色的门
现在分词做定语,被修饰词与修饰词之间为;逻辑主动关系
aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroom
Keysentence:
Thecitywasevenequippedwith…for…werefound…
beequippedwith配备,装备
Eg:
thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.
for引导原因状语从句
beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreets
prep.beneath=under正下方
Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.
under:
在进行中,undercontrol控制之中;underdiscussion讨论之中;underrepairs修理之中
below:
在下方,强调斜下方
Eg:
Sheissittingbelowthewindow.
beusedas/beusedtobe把…用作为
Eg:
Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.
Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase.
Thewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooks.
Inthemostsacredroomof…
Eachoftheserepresented…beenpainted.
representvt.代表
Irepresentalltheclassmates.
Thebodyofonestatuewasfound…
dating现在分词,修饰remains
thecustomsdatingfrom1990
datefrom追溯到,从…开始
Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.
Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.
Thecastledatesbacktothecentury.
Keysentence:
Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof…
happento强调事情的偶然发生
Eg:
Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰巧开过那种汽车。
Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.他恰巧在口袋里找到那张票。
句式:
Ithappensthat……
Eg:
IthappnesthatImetheronmywaytowork
Ihappenedtomeetheronmywaytowork
happenon巧遇,偶然发现,偶遇
Eg:
Ihappendonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.
Guess,whoIhappendonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?
reconstruct:
puttogether,piecetogether,restore
四个形容词:
surprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感到惊讶的,语气递增
astonished:
muchsurpri