最新商务英语基础资料大全.docx
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最新商务英语基础资料大全
常用经济术语
国民经济、对外经济贸易NATIONALECONOMY，FOREIGNECONOMICRELATIONSANDTRADE
经济指标economicindicators
社会总产值totalproductofsociety
国民生产总值GNP（GrossDomesticProduct）
国内生产总值GDP（GrossDomesticProduct）
人均国内生产总值GDPpercapita
工农业总产值grossoutputvalueofindustryandagriculture
国民收入nationalincome
购买力平价法purchasingpowerparity
财政收入staterevenue
社会商品零售总额totalvolumeofretailsales
社会零售物价总指数generalretailpriceindex
百分点percentagepoints
"八五"划划the8thFive-YearPlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment
计划经济plannedeconomy
统购统销statemonopolyoverpurchaseandmarketing
市场经济marketeconomy
指令性计划mandatoryplan
指导性计划guidanceplan
市场调节marketregulation
建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制"establishoperationalmechanismsofmarketeconomy，rulebylaw，democraticsupervisionandincorruptiblegovernment
抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础"stressprioritiesoveragriculture，transportationandenergysupply，educationandscienceandtechnology
实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化"optimizeindustrialstructure，ecologicalenvironmentandthequalityofpopulation
第一、二、三产业primary，secondaryandtertiaryindustries
外向型经济export-orientedeconomy
创汇型企业foreignexchange-earningenterprise
劳动密集型laborintensive
技术、智力、资本密集型technology，knowledgeorcapitalintensive
高附加值的深加工down-streamprocessingwithhighadded-value
优化资源配置optimizeallocationofresources
生产力productiveforces
生产资料capitalgoods
科研成果产业化industrializationofresearchfindings
火炬计划TorchPlan
技术入股technologyappraisedascapitalstock
风险投资ventureinvestment/capital
固定资产投资investmentinfixedassets
技术转让technologytransfer
可行性研究feasibilitystudy
意向书letterofintent
投资环境investmentenvironment
跨国公司transnationalcoorporation
基础设施infrastructure
20年基本实现现代化basicallyachievemodernizationin20years
发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serveasamediumforintroducingadvancedtechnologies，managerialexpertiseandqualifiedprofessionalsfromoutside.
招商attractinvestment
招商项目projectproposalsforinvestment
同国际惯例接轨 followtheinternationalcodesofpractice；bring…inlinewiththeinternationalusage
加大改革力度intensifyreforms
一条龙服务onepackageservice
一支笔审批one-chopapproval
我们两市的经济互补性很强。
Toagreatextent，theeconomiesbetweenouttwocitiesarecomplementarytoeachother.
平等互利，互通有无equalityandmutualbenefit，andtradingofneededgoods
外引内联actasanintermediaryforintroducingforeigncapitalandestablishingdomesticconnections
保持发展后劲bringaboutasustainabledevelopment；sustainmomentumofdevelopment
经济实力economiccapabilities
龙头pacemaker；leadingrole
三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）"threeconnectionsandoneleveling"assuringthataconstructionsiteisconnectedtowaterandelectricpowersuppliesandroads，andthatthegroundisleveledbeforeaprojectisbegun.
瓶颈bottleneck
以工养农useindustrialincometofinanceagriculture
以路养路usetollstorepayinvestmentinroadprojects
下放审批权delegatetheauthoritytoexamineandapprovetolowerlevels
统而不死，活而不乱ensureaflexiblecontrol
良性循环positivecycle
国民经济的支柱mainstayofthenationaleconomy
格局初步形成Patternhastakeninitialshape.
理顺企业的产权关系rationalizethepropertyrightsrelationshipsofenterprises
政策性亏损policy-relatedloss
三角债chaindebts
上不封顶，下不保底setnoceilinglimitandgivenominimumguarantee
企业"工效挂钩"linktotalpayrollwiththeperformanceofanenterprise
生意兴隆/冷淡Businessisbooming/sluggish
质量信得过单位qualitytrustworthyorganization
批量生产massproduction以销定产limitproductiontomarketability
内联企业inlandassociatedenterprises
菜篮子工程shippingbasketproject
国产化percentageofhome-madeparts
配套改革coordinatedreforms
配套措施supportingmeasures
配套工程auxiliaryproject
国内配套资金domesticfunds
向基础工业倾斜的政策policyinfavorofbasicindustry
升级换代upgradingandupdating
看好经济增长thinkhighlyofeconomicgrowth
行情看好Favorableprice/marketcanbeexpected.
行情看涨/跌anticipatelowermarketprice/risingprice
随行就市fluctuateinlinewithmarketconditions
片面追求发展速度seekanundulyhighgrowthrate
在过渡时期inaperiodoftransition
粗放/集约经营extensive/intensiveoperation
基础地位leadingposition
门类齐全coveringextensivefields
存款/贷款余额thebalanceofdeposits/loans
外汇储备foreignexchangereserves
贸易顺差tradesurplus
完善的市场和发达的金融体制well-establishedmarketandsophisticatedfinancialsystem
消灭失业wipeoutunemployment
降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序cooldowntheover-heatedfuturemarketandrestorefinancialorder
紧缩银根tightenthemoneysupply
一位数水平onedigitlevel
保持双边贸易的平衡balancethetwo-waytrade
这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。
Thismeetinglaidasoundfoundationforthetwocountriestoforgeenduring/lastingandconstant/continuouseconomicties.
市场疲软amarketslump
库存积压overstockedproducts
国家指令性计划statemandatoryplanning
统一定价unifiedpricesetting
国家统配物资materialsallocatedbystate
货币发放theissueofcurrency
规范价格秩序 standardizethepriceorder
简化流通环节，增加随机检查simplifycirculationandaddmorerandomchecks
市场机制开始发挥调节作用。
Themarketmechanismsarebeginningtoplaytheirregulatoryrole.
由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。
Grainsarepurchasedandsoldbythesamepricebecausecoveredallowancesareturnedintoopenallowance.
导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。
Animportantfactor（contributingto/resultingin）substantialpricehikesliesinthegradualliftingofpricescontrolandthestructuraladjustmentofprices.折旧费depreciationcost
关系民生的产品productsvitaltothepeople'slivelihood
供大于求oversupply
供不应求shortsupply
经济过热overheatedeconomy
抑制炒房地产热stemfrenziedandspeculativetradinginthepropertymarket
宏观调控macro-economiccontrol
经济杠杆economiclevers
产业政策industrialpolicy
财政，税收，信贷，利率，汇率publicfinancing，taxation，credit，interestrate，exchangerate
提高经济效益enhanceeconomicperformance/returns
社会效益socialeffect/returns
实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bringaboutsustained，stableandcoordinateddevelopment
财政赤字（盈余）budgetdeficit（surplus）
外贸出口总额grossforeignexportvalue
外商直接投资协议金额contractedforeigndirectinvestment
实际利用外资foreigninvestmentinactualuse
三资企业（中外合资合作、外商独资经营）threekindsofenterpriseswithforeigninvestment：
sino-foreignjointventure，contractualjointventure
允许外商独资经营allowfullforeignequityoperation
优惠条件confessionalterms；favorableterms
减免税收taxreductionandexemption
合作方式 approachestocooperation
出资方式meansofcontributinginvestment
合营期限contracttermofajointventure
三来一补（来料加工，来件装配，来样加工）processingandcompensationtrades（processingwithmaterialsorgivensamples，assemblingsuppliedcomponents）
贸易伙伴 tradepartner
转口贸易transittrade
外贸顺差foreigntradesurplus
积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验activelyintroducecapital，technology，competentprofessionalsandmanagerialexpertiseformoutside
交钥匙工程turn-keyproject
招标承包制biddinginvitationcontractsystem
招标出售技术bidsfortechnology
公开招标callforbid；tenders
招标单invitationforbid（IFB）
标书biddingdocument
竟标competitivebidding
投标bidforaproject
投标报价书bidproposals
评标bidproposalevaluation
开标bidopening
中标winabid；beawardedatender
拍卖auction
租赁leasing
保税区bondedarea；freetradearea
实行全方位开放practicemulti-directionalopening
统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unifiedpolicy，liberalizedoperation，andequalcompetition
自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibilityforone'sownprofitsandlosses，theintegrationofindustryandforeigntrade，andthepromotionofagentsystem
知识产权intellectualpropertyrights
公司常见部门名称英文翻译
总公司HeadOffice
分公司BranchOffice
营业部BusinessOffice
人事部PersonnelDepartment
（人力资源部）HumanResourcesDepartment
总务部GeneralAffairsDepartment
财务部GeneralAccountingDepartment
销售部SalesDepartment
促销部SalesPromotionDepartment
国际部InternationalDepartment
出口部ExportDepartment
进口部ImportDepartment
公共关系PublicRelationsDepartment
广告部AdvertisingDepartment
企划部PlanningDepartment
产品开发部ProductDevelopmentDepartment
研发部ResearchandDevelopmentDepartment（R&D）
秘书室SecretarialPool
商务谈判时必须掌握11类词汇
-------------------1、出口方面的词汇----------------------
出口信贷exportcredit
出口津贴exportsubsidy
商品倾销dumping
外汇倾销exchangedumping
优惠关税specialpreferences
保税仓库bondedwarehouse
贸易顺差favorablebalanceoftrade
贸易逆差unfavorablebalanceoftrade
进口配额制importquotas
自由贸易区freetradezone
对外贸易值valueofforeigntrade
国际贸易值valueofinternationaltrade
普遍优惠制generalizedsystemofpreferences-GSP
最惠国待遇most-favorednationtreatment-MFNT
-------------------2、价格条件----------------------
价格术语tradeterm（priceterm）
运费freight
单价price
码头费wharfage
总值totalvalue
卸货费landingcharges
金额amount
关税customsduty
净价netprice
印花税stampduty
含佣价priceincludingcommission
港口税portdues
回佣returncommission.
装运港portofshipment
折扣discount，allowance
卸货港portofdischarge
批发价wholesaleprice
目的港portofdestination
零售价retailprice
进口许口证importlicence
现货价格spotprice
出口许口证exportlicence
期货价格forwardprice
现行价格（时价）currentpriceprevailingprice
国际市场价格world（International）Marketprice
离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-freeonboard
成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-costandfreight
到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost，insuranceandfreight
--------------------3、交货条件----------------------
交货delivery
轮船steamship（缩写S.S）
装运、装船shipment
租船charter（thecharteredship）
交货时间timeofdelivery
定程租船voyagecharter
装运期限timeofshipment
定期租船timecharter
托运人（一般指出口商）shipper，consignor
收货人consignee
班轮regularshippingliner
驳船lighter
舱位shippingspace
油轮tanker
报关clearanceofgoods
陆运收据cargoreceipt
提货totakedeliveryofgoods
空运提单airwaybill
正本提单originalB\\L
选择港（任意港）optionalport
选港费op
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