一部典型的成长小说——《远大前程》的体裁分析.docx

一部典型的成长小说——《远大前程》的体裁分析.docx

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ATypicalInitiationStory——GenreAnalysisofGreatExpectations

一部典型的成长小说——《远大前程》的体裁分析摘要

关于个人成长和教育的传统文学体裁被称为成长小说，该小说体裁起源于18世纪德国，并流行于欧美各国。

许多文学大师创作了许多不朽之作。

其中英国十九世纪著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯的《远大前程》就是一部成长小说的经典之作。

关于狄更斯的小说《远大前程》的研究可谓汗牛充栋，也不乏有从成长小说角度进行研究的文献，但其中缺少从小说主要元素的角度进行系统研究的文章。

本文将依据文学原理中的小说三大主要元素，即主题、人物和情节对《远大前程》进行详细分析，论证作品符合成长小说的定义及其特点，是典型的成长小说。

本论文由四部分组成，第一部分是引言，主要介绍作者查尔斯·狄更斯及其作品《远大前程》；第二部分主要介绍成长小说理论、小说的三大要素：

主题、人物和情节；第三部分从小说的主题、人物和情节等三要素分析《远大前程》中的主题类型、人物设定和情节模式，阐述小说的成长小说属性，论证《远大前程》是一部典型的成长小说。

第四部分是结论，总结论文探讨的主旨。

关键词：

《远大前程》；成长小说；体裁分析；文学元素

安阳师范学院人文管理学院本科毕业论文

Abstract

Theinitiationstory（alsoknownasBildungsroman）isanovelofpersonaldevelopmentorofeducation.ItoriginatedfromGermanyinthelatterhalfofthe18thcenturyandhassincebecomeoneofthemajornarrativegenresinEuropeanandAnglo-Americanliterature.Someclassicsof

thistypepublishedacrosstheglobal,oneofthemisCharlesDickens‘GreatExpectations.Dickens‘novelGreatExpectationspresentsthegrowthanddevelopmentofPip,theprotagonistofthenovel.

ManyresearchesonGreatExpectationsasaninitiationstoryhavebeendone.Butnoresearcheshaveincludedallthethreemainelementsoftheme,characterandplotinthenovel.

WiththethreeelementsfromtheElementsofLiteraturebyZhangJian,thispaperistohaveagenreanalysisofDickens‘GreatExpectationsfromthreeaspects---theinitiationtheme,thecharacterdesignandtheplotpattern,thusprovingthatGreatExpectationsisatypicalInitiationstory.

Thispaperconsistsoffourparts.ThefirstpartisaboutanintroductiontoCharlesDickensandhisnovelGreatExpectations,researchesdoneandtheresearchneededtobedone.Thesecondpartisanintroductiontotheinitiationstory,itsdefinition,itsorigin,itsdevelopmentanditscharacteristics.ThethirdpartisananalysisofGreatExpectationsasatypicalinitiationstorywhichinvolvestheinitiationtheme,thecharacterdesign,andtheplotpattern.Thelastpartconcludeswithareiterationofthemainpointsdiscussedinthispaper.

KeyWords:

GreatExpectations;Initiationstory;genreanalysis;literaryelements

II

Contents

摘要 I

Abstract II

1.Introduction 1

1.1CharlesDickensandHisWorks 1

1.2IntroductionofGreatExpectations 1

1.3TheCurrentResearchofGreatExpectationsandtheSignificanceofthisPaper 2

2.TheInitiationStory---aSpecificLiteratureGenre 3

2.1ItsDefinition 3

2.2ItsOriginandDevelopment 3

2.3TheCharacteristicsoftheInitiationStory 4

3.TheAnalysisofGreatExpectationsasaTypicalInitiationStory 5

3.1TheInitiationThemeinGreatExpectations 5

3.1.1TheInitiationintheProtagonist‘sLifeChanges 5

3.1.2TheInitiationintheProtagonist‘sCharacteristicChanges 7

3.2TheCharacterDesign 8

3.2.1TheMainCharacterDesign 9

3.2.2TheMinorCharacterDesign 10

3.3ThePlotPattern 11

3.3.1TheSimilarityofPlotsinPip‘sBoyhood 11

3.3.2TheTurningPointoftheInitiation 11

3.3.3TheMaturationandSelf-discoveryoftheProtagonists 12

4.Conclusion 12

Bibliography 13

Acknowledgments 13

1.Introduction

Theinitiationstoryisatraditionalliterarygenredescribingahero‘sgrowthanddevelopment.Thereareanumberofclassicalnovelsbelongingtothisgenre.GreatExpectationsisoneofthetypicalInitiationstorieswrittenbyCharlesDickenswhoisregardedasthegreatestBritishnovelistofVictorianperiod.ThispartwouldgiveanoverviewofCharlesDickens,andanintroductiontothenovelGreatExpectations,currentresearchandthesignificanceofthisthesis.

1.1CharlesDickensandHisWorks

CharlesDickens,whosefullnameisCharlesJohnHuffamDickens,wasbornin7February1812anddiedin9June1870.HeisoneofthegreatBritishwriterandsocialcriticinthe19thcentury.Duringhislife,heenjoyedunprecedentedfameforhisworks,andbythetwentiethcenturyhisliterarygeniuswasbroadlyacknowledgedbothbythecriticsandscholars.

Dickenshadwrittenvariousnovels,includingthepicaresquenovel ThePickwickPapers;thehistoricalnovelATaleofTwoCities;thesethreenovels:

BleakHouse,HardTimesandLittleDorritwhichreflectsocialandpoliticalproblems;threeclassicalInitiationstories OliverTwist,DavidCopperfieldandGreatExpectations;andotherfamousnovelsandnovellas,suchasDombeyandSon,TheOldCuriosityShop,andAChristmasCarol.Amongthem,DavidCopperfieldisregardedasDickens‘autobiography.Hisfictions,withvividdescriptionsoflifein19th-centuryEngland,haveinaccuratelyandanachronisticallycometosymbolizeonagloballevelVictoriansociety（1837–1901）asuniformly"Dickensian",wheninfact,hisnovels'timescopespannedfromthe1770stothe1860s.Hiscreativegeniushasbeenpraisedbyalotofwriters—fromLeoTolstoytoG.K.ChestertonandGeorgeOrwell—foritsrealism,