高二英语阅读理解科普环保试题经典.docx

高二英语阅读理解科普环保试题经典.docx

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高二英语阅读理解科普环保试题经典

高二英语阅读理解（科普环保）试题经典

一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类

1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。

   Whenweseeapersonintrouble,thefirstideathatcomestoourmindistolendahand.Butwhatifweseeananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?

   Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguinsweresavedfromanicygully（峡谷）inAntarctica.ItwasfilmedfortheBBCwildlifeseriesDynasties.Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope（斜坡）sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.

   Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.Viewerswatchingthisfilmletoutasighofrelief."I'msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right?

"viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.

   However,othersthinkhumaninterference（干涉）isunnatural."Youcan'thavesunshinethroughoutyourlife.Tohavedoneanythingelsewouldonlymakemattersworse,"saidtheshow'screatorDavidAttenborough,accordingtoTheTimes.

   Inthiscase,however,MikeGunton,theexecutiveproduceroftheseries,saidthatthiswasaone-offsituation."Therewerenoanimalsgoingtosufferbyinterfering.Youweren'ttouchingtheanimalsanditwasjustfeltbydoingthis...theyhadthechancenottohavetokeepslippingdowntheslope,"hetoldtheBBC.

   SuchcasesarefamiliartoPaulNicklen,wildlifephotographerforNationalGeographic.HetoldMetro,"Ifit'severapredator（捕食者）situation,nomatterhowgut-wrenching,youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou'rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear."

   "There'snorulebookinthosesituations.Youcanonlyrespondtothefactsthatarerightthereinfrontofyou,"WillLawson,theshow'sdirector,toldDailyMail.

（1）Whathasledtoaheatedmediadiscussion?

A.People'svariousremarksonpenguins.

B.Therescueofpenguinsfromagully.

C.Somepenguins'sufferingsinagully.

D.WaysoffilmingtheseriesDynasties.

（2）Whoholdsapositiveattitudetowardshumaninterference?

A.KathrynShaw.

B.WillLawson.

C.PaulNieklen.

D.DavidAttenborough.

（3）Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword"gut-wrenching"underlinedinparagraph6?

A.Puttingoneinplace.

B.Makingoneconfused.

C.Puttingoneindanger.

D.Makingoneheartbroken.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ReasonsfortheNecessityofLendingaHandtoAnimals

B.SuggestionsonHowtoProtectAnimalsFromDanger

C.EffectsofHumanInterferenceonDangerousAnimals

D.OpinionsonWhethertoHelpAnimalsinTroubleorNot

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当动物们面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope（斜坡）sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.”和第三段中的“Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm”可知，从峡谷中救出企鹅这一事件引起了大家的热议。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“I'msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right?

"viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.”可知，她对帮助动物是很赞成的，故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据上文大家对干涉动物的行为有不同观点，再结合下文的“youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou'rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear."可知，此句句意为：

如果这是个捕食的情景，无论你是多么的心碎，你都不能干预。

结合四个选项可知，此处用Makingoneheartbroken（心碎）最合句意。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文就救助企鹅的视频引发的热议讲述了当动物面临危险时，我们如何伸出援助之手给出了一些建议。

因此，本文的最佳标题应为“若何保护动物脱险的建议”。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科教类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．犇犇阅读理解

   Three-quartersoftheworld'scoffeefarmsdestroyforesthabitattogrowcoffeeinthesunandtypicallyuseharmfulpesticides（杀虫剂）andchemicalsthatpoisontheenvironment.Whenforestsdisappear,migratory（迁徙的）songbirdsdisappear,too.Inordertodealwithseverepopulationandhabitatloss,SmithsonianscientistscreatedtheBirdFriendlycertification.

   BirdFriendlycoffeesareshade-grown,meaningthecoffeeisplantedundertrees,ratherthanonthelandthathasbeenclearedofallotherplants.Coffeeexpertssayshade-growncoffeestastebetter,becausethebeansripenslowerthancoffeegrowninthefullsun,resultinginaricher,morecomplexflavor.BirdFriendlycertifiedcoffeesgrowunderbio-diverseshadethatprovideshabitatformigratorysongbirdsandotherwildlife,storescarbonandfightsclimatechange.BirdFriendlycoffeesarealsocertifiedorganic,meaningtheyaregrownwithoutpesticides,whichisbetterforpeopleandfortheplanet.

   BirdFriendlyproducerscanalsoearnmorefortheircrops.Thewoodandfruittreesonshadecoffeefarmsprovidefarmerswithadditionalincome.EverycupofBirdFriendlycoffeepurchasedrewardsthesefarmerswithalittlemoremoneyforbeinggoodstewardsoftheenvironmentandencouragesthemtocontinueconservingBirdFriendlyhabitat.

   BuyingBirdFriendlysupportstheSmithsonianMigratoryBirdCenter'sconservationresearchaimedatunderstandingandprotectingyourfeatheredfriends.YoucanpurchaseBirdFriendlycertifiedcoffeesaroundtheworldandprotectwildlifeandhabitatwitheverycup.Findastoreorcafenearyou,orbetteryet,haveitshippedtoyourdoorwhenyouorderonline.

（1）Whatisthepresentsituationofcoffeefarms?

A. Onefourthofthemhavedestroyedforesthabitatforbirds.

B. Pesticidesandchemicalsusedonthempoisonedmanybirds.

C. Farmershavebeenawareofenvironmentprotection.

D. Scientistspayattentiontothemandhavecomeupwithanidea.

（2）What'sacharacteristicofBirdFriendlycoffees?

A. Theymayhaveabettertaste.                          B. Theyhaveastrangeflavor.

C. Theytakelesstimetoripen.                            D. Theyaregrownonunpollutedland.

（3）HowcanBirdFriendlyfarmersearnmoremoney?

A. Bychargingconsumersmoremoney.            

B. Bysellingfruitsandwoodfromtrees.

C. Bycuttingdowntreesandsellingwood.       

D. Byservingasstewardsofcoffeeconsumers.

（4）Whatdoesthetextsuggestcoffeeconsumersdo?

A. Consumelesscoffee.                                       

B. Ordercoffeeonline.

C. Purchaseshade-growncoffee.                        D. Donatetocoffeefarmers.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，为了应对严重的迁徙鸟类的数量和栖息地损失，史密森尼的科学家创造了theBirdFriendlycertification。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Inordertodealwithseverepopulationandhabitatloss,SmithsonianscientistscreatedtheBirdFriendlycertification.”可知，科学家们重视咖啡生长地的问题，并以想出应对办法，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“ Coffeeexpertssayshade-growncoffeestastebetter,becausethebeansripenslowerthancoffeegrowninthefullsun,resultinginaricher,morecomplexflavor.”咖啡专家说，阴凉处种植的咖啡味道更好，因为豆子比太阳下的咖啡成熟得慢，会产生更丰富，更复杂的味道。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Thewoodandfruittreesonshadecoffeefarmsprovidefarmerswithadditionalincome. ”可知，咖啡种植者可以通过咖啡树上方的thewoodandfruittrees增加收入，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“ YoucanpurchaseBirdFriendlycertifiedcoffeesaroundtheworldandprotectwildlifeandhabitatwitheverycup”你能在全世界买BirdFriendly认证的咖啡，每杯都保护野生动物和栖息地，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．犇犇阅读理解

   Wolvesstrikefearintotheheartsofmanyspecies,humansincluded.Ourfearofthemhasbroughtthemtotheedgeofdyingout,aswehavecruellykilledthemascompetitorsandtrouble-makers.Butresearchersarediscoveringthattheveryfeartheyputintoprey（被捕食者）speciesisexactlywhathelpsmakeecosystems（生态）healthy.

   YellowstoneNationalParkisatypicalexampleofjusthowwolvescanhelprepairanecosystem.AnOctober2018studyanalyzed40yearsofresearchonlargeanimalsinsidethepark.

   "Yellowstonehasbenefitedfromthereintroductionofwolvesinwaysthatwedidnotanticipate,especiallythecomplexityofbiologicalinteractions（互动）inthepark,"explainedMarkBoyce,aprofessorintheDepartmentofBiologicalSciences."Wewerereallysurprisedatthatandwe'dneverhaveseentheseresponsesiftheparkhadn'tadoptedecological-processmanagement—allowingnaturalecologicalprocessestotakeplacewithleasthumanintervention."

   Afterthewolveswerere-introducedatYellowstone,willowandcottonwoodtreesincreasedinnumber.Thepopulationofbearsandbisonalsoroseandwhatwasoncearulingdeer-wolfinteractionisnowmorediverse.

   Tolearnmoreaboutjusthowwolvesarebeneficial,ashortdocumentaryfromQuestexplainshowthepresenceofwolvesinfluencesthebehaviorofdeer,whicheventuallymakesentireecosystemsmorebiologicallydiverseandhealthy.Inthisdocumentary,biologistAaronWirsingexploredwhywolvesandothertoppredators（捕食者）wereneededfordiverseecosystemstodevelop.Usingasimplevideocamera,Wirsingisgainingauniqueviewpointonpredator-preyrelationshipsandchangingthewaywethinkaboutwolves.

   Theresearchisonemorepieceofevidenceforwhyprotectingthesetoppredatorsisimportantnotjustforwolvesasaspecies,butforhundredsofspeciesateverylevelofanecosystem.Thefeartheybringalongmaybetheveryanglethathelpssavethemfromdyingout.

（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"anticipate"inparagraph3probablymean?

A. Expect.                           

B. Understand.                           

C. Notice.                           

D. Accept.

（2）Forwhatpurposewasadocumentarymade?

A. Tointroducehowwolvesbehaveinthewild.

B. Toshowhowwolvesbenefitfromecosystems.

C. TorecordhowAaronWirsingobservedwolves.

D. Tostudywhatgoodwolvescandotoecosystems.

（3）Whatisthesignificanceoftheresearch?

A. Itproveswolvesfeedonhundredsofspecies.

B. Ithelpsprovetheimportanceofprotectingwolves.

C. Itshow