高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练精品题2.docx

高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练精品题2.docx

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高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练精品题2

2014高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练精品题

（2）及答案

阅读理解-----A

ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheautomobile（汽车）.ButHenryForddidnotstarttobuildhisfirst

caruntil1896.ThatwaselevenyearsaftertwoGermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobil

e.ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworker,insteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.Thatisnottrue,either.ManyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeFord.WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.Andhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionline.

Intheearlydaysoftheautomobile,almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.HenryForddecidedtobuildaracingcar.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.Itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.

Theracewasin1901,atafieldnearDetroit.Allofthemostfamouscarshadentered,butonlytwowereleft:

theWintonandFord's.TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeed.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.

TheWintontookanearlylead.Buthalfwaythroughtherace,itbegantolosepower.Fordstartedtogain.Andneartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.FordwontheraceanddefeatedtheWinton

.Hisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewell-knownallovertheUnitedStates.Withinweeksoftherace,HenryFordformedanewautomobilecompany.Inthe1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.ThatsalewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsaid:

"Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople.Itwillbelargeenoughforthefamily,butsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.Itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.Itwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployed.Anditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodemengineeringcanproduce.Itwillbesolowinpri

cethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone."

TheModelTwasacarofthatkind.Itonlycost$850.Itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.DoctorsboughttheModelT.Sodidfarmers.Evencriminals.Theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.AmericanslovedtheModelT.Theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.Thousands

ofModelT'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.

（）1.Whatdoweknow

aboutHenryFordfromParagraph1?

A.Hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.

B.Heproducedthefirstcarintheworld.

C.Heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.

D.Heinventedtheproductionline.

【答案】：

A

【解析】：

细节题。

由文章WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.可选A。

（）2.WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carrace?

A.Toshowoffhisdrivingskills.

B.Todrawpublicattention.

C.Tolearnaboutnew

technology.

D.Toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.

【答案】：

B

【解析】：

细节题。

由文章第3段TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeed.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.可得出B。

（）3.“Thatsale”inParagraph4refersto.

A.thesellingofFordcarsatreducedprices

B.thesaleofModelTtothemassofpeople

C.thesellingofacartoaDetroitdoctor

D.thesalestargetfortheFordCompany

【答案】：

C

【解析】：

猜测词义，有上文Inthe1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.可知。

（）4.WhatwasHenryFord'sdreamaccordingtothetext?

A.Producingcarsforaveragecustomers.

B.Buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.

C.Designingmorecarmodels.

D.Star

tingmorecompanies.

【答案】：

A

【解析】：

细节题，由Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople可选A。

细节理解

语意转换法

◆技巧点拨

高考试题中的细节理解题大多通过语句的同义或反义转换考查学生对英语语言的理解能力。

解题时要特别注意下列几点：

1．考生可先看试题，再带着问题到阅读材料中寻找正确答案，加强解题的针对性。

2．如果问题中有not，except，least，never等词时，要特别留意，不要漏看这些词或理解错误而误选答案。

3．问到what，who，when，which，where，accordingtotheauthor等具体细节时，一定要以文章所谈到的内容为据，而不要凭自己的经验或观点去选择答案。

◆活学活用

阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务

（2010年山东卷）Asksomeonewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecycling.Recyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However，beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofoverconsumptioninthegreenestwaypossible，butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplace.

Thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold'swasteintheUK.Inmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboard.

Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUK，forexample，isrunningoutofitforcarryingthisunnecessarywaste.Ifsuchpackagingisburnt，itgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelps，buttheprocessitselfusesenergy.Thesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplace.Foodwasteisaseriousproblem，too.Toomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.However，afewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinue，encouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbags，forexample.

Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.Thisisespeciallytrueoffood.Butitalsoappliestoawiderangeofconsumerproducts，whichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.

Therearesignsofhope.Asmoreofusrecycle，wearebeginningtorealizejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialarecollecting.Weneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculture，butwehaveamountaintoclimb.

Ⅰ.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Ⅱ.根据所读短文，选出最佳答案

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“overconsumption”referto?

A．Usingtoomuchpackaging.

B．Recyclingtoomanywastes.

C．Makingmoreproductsthannecessary.

D．Havingmorematerialthanisneeded.

2．TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow________.

A．thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwaste

B．theincreaseofpackagingrecycling

C．therapidgrowthofsupermarkets

D．thefactofpackagingoveruse

3．Accordingtothetext，recycling________.

A．helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffect

B．meansburningpackagingforenergy

C．isthesolutiontogasshortage

D．leadstoawasteofland

4．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A．Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.

B．Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.

C．Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging.

D．Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood.

5．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A．Fightingwastefulnessisdifficult.

B．Needlessmaterialismostlyrecycled.

C．Peoplelikecollectingrecyclablewaste.

D．Theauthorisproudoftheirconsumerculture.

参考答案

Ⅰ

Recyclingisonewaytohelpenvironment，butwhat'smostimportantisthatwedon'toverconsumeorpaytoomuchattentiontopackagingwhenweareshopping.（27words）

Ⅱ

1．解析：

从前句的beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed知道我们是在“过度消费”或“过量消费”。

答案：

D

2．解析：

increasedby12%between1999and2005说明包装盒的消费量增长迅速，由此可知答案。

答案：

D

3．解析：

从Recyclinghelps可知答案。

答案：

A

4．解析：

人们习惯了把包装与产品质量联系起来，意为包装不好的东西就意味着品质不好。

答案：

C

5．解析：

从最后一句Weneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculture，butwehaveamountaintoclimb可知答案。

答案：

A

阅读理解

Whenitcomestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whopossesswingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate（照亮）meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisforthesepeoplethatIreservetheglowinghours,toogoodnottoshare.

WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.Wewereshyand“tooserious”aboutourstudieswhenitwasbecomingfashionablewithourclassmatestolearnacceptablesocialbehaviors.Wesaidlittleatschool,butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitdownwithpencilsandpaper,andoneofuswouldsay:

“Let’sstartwithatrainwhistletoday.”Wewouldsitquietlytogetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesthatgrewoutofatrainwhistle.Thenwewouldreadthemaloud.Attheendofthatschoolyear,we,too,werechangedintosocialcreaturesandthestoriesandpoemsstopped.

WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend.Hewasindespair（失望）andIwasindespair.Butourfriendshipwasbasedontheideaineachofusthatwewouldbesorrylaterifwedidnotexplorethisgreatcitybecausewehadfeltbadatthetime.WemeteverySundayforfiveweeksandfoundmanyexcellentthings.Wewalkeduntilourdespairsdisappearedandthenweparted.WegaveLondontoeachother.

ForalmostfouryearsIhavehadaremarkablefriendwhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.Wewritelonglettersinwhichweoftendiscoverourstrangestselves.Eachofusappears,sometimesinafunnyway,intheother’sdreams.SheandIagreethat,atcertaintimes,weseemtobepartsofthesamemind.Inmymostinterestingmoments.Ioftenthink:

“Yes,Imusttell…”Wehavenevermet.

ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofapsychologist（心理学家）,whowillonlyfillupthehealing（愈合的）silencenecessarytothosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.

66.Intheeighthgrade,whattheauthordidbeforedevelopingpropersocialbehaviorwasto______.

A.becomeseriousaboutherstudyB.gotoherfriend’shouseregularly

C.learnfromherclassmatesatschoolD.sharepoemsandstorieswithherfriend

67.InParagraph3,“WegameLondontoeachother”probablymeans__________.

A.ourexplorationofLondonwasamemorablegifttobothofus

B.w