机电数控英语课后习题答案doc.docx

机电数控英语课后习题答案doc.docx

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机电数控英语课后习题答案doc

Exercises第—章

I.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassage・

1.Whatisamachineelement?

Amachineelementisasingleunitdesignedtoperformaspecificfunctionandcapableofcombiningwithotherelements.

2.Whichisthemostcommonmachineelement?

Themostcommonexampleofamachineelementisagear,which,fundamentally,isacombinationofthewheelandthelevertoformatoothedwheel.

3.Whatareotherfundamentalmachineelements?

Otherfundamentalmachineelementshaveevolvedfromwheelandlever.

4.Whichelementisregardedasacompletemachine?

Theindividualreliabilityofmachineelements•

5.Whichmachineelementsautomotiveindustry?

Intheautomotiveindustryonlyfasteners,bearings,bushings,chainsandbeltsarestandardized.

1.machineelement机械零件6.机械零件的可靠性

2.simplepart简单零件7.整台机器使用寿命

3.theautomotiveindustry自动化工业&机器的组合元件

4.individualcomponent单一元件9支撐结构

5.thebasicwheel主动齿轮10.材料强度

IIIFillintheblankswiththeproperwordformifnecessary.

1.gears2.standardize3.reliability4.Machinery5.assembleponents7.uniformity

8.estimate9.expectancylO.individual

IV.TranslatefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

1•最Themostcommonmachineelementisthegear,whichcombinesthefeatureofthewheelandthelevertoformatoothedwheel.

2.Thehardnessofageardeterminesitsabilitytoresistwear,

3.Manufacturingengineershavecenteredtheireffortsonthedevelopmentofstandardizedelements

4・Thesepartsareproducedinlargequantitieswithahighdegreeofperfectionatreducedcost.

5.Itseemsthatthemachinepartsurfaceisthecarrieroffunctionalinformationforbothmachineelementandprocessingapparatus,

6.Properapplicationofthesemachineelementsdependsuponknowledgeoftheforceonthestructureandthestrengthofthematerialsemployed・

IExercises第2章

1.Doyouknowwhytherearesomanytypesofbearings?

Therearemanytypesofbearingsbecauseofvariationsinthedesignofringsandseparatorsandinthenumberofballs.

2.Forwhatreasonaredeepgrooveradialballbearingsmaswidelyused?

Althoughdeepgrooveballbearingsaredesignedtocarryaradialload,theyperformwellunderacombinedradialandthrustload,Forthisreasonjtisthemostwidelyusedtypeofballbearing.

3.Accordingtothetext,howmanytypescanbedividedinto?

whatarethey?

Thebearingscanbedividedinto6types,thatis,deepgrooveballbearings,filled-notchballbearings^angularcontactbearings^self-aligningballbearings^thrustballbearingsandrollerbearings.

4.Whycanrollerbearings•••••higherloadthanthesamesizeballbearings?

Becauseithaslinecontactinsteadofpointcontact.

5.Dependingonitssize,afterincreasingbearingJsittrue?

Yes,itistrue.

1.轴承承载能力一bearingloadcapacity6.深沟球轴承

2.径向载荷radialload7.角接触球轴承

3.滚柱轴承rollerbearing8调心球轴承

4.轴向载荷thrustload9推力球轴承

5.公共球面滚道一commonsphericalrace10填充式滚球轴承

III

1.Accordingtotheir.・・.anda（combination）ofthrustandradialloads.

2.Theracesarediameterin（deepgrooveballbearings・

3.Toincreasethebearing（loadcapacity）・

4.Unidirectionalthrustto（support）combined•…loads.

5>（seld-aligningball）«6<（higherload）.7.（theballcomplement）®.「evolvingrings）.10」inecontact

1V.1沟:

Thedeepgrooveballbearingisthemostwidelyusedtypeofballbearing・

1.多数:

Manybearingsrequireperiodicmaintenancetopreventprematurefailure・2•滚柱:

Rollerbearingcansupportmuchhigherloadthancomparablysizedballbearing.

3•预期:

Approximatelytwo-thirdsasmanymaterialswouldbeexpectedtoproducethesameeffect.

4•这一:

Thisprogrammewillrequireatwenty-fivepercentincreaseinprocessorcapacity.

5.一般:

Thesurfacetemperatureofthebearingswasgenerallythesameaswhathasbeenpreviouslyobserved.

Exercises第3章

Il.Whatisthewayofpartsmatingintheearlydaysofengineering?

IntheearlydaysofengineeringJhematingofpartswasachievedbymachiningonepartasnearlyaspossibletotherequiredsize,machiningthematingpartnearlytosize9andthencompletingitsmachining^continuallyofferingtheotherparttoit^untilthedesiredrelation-shipwasobtained*

2・Whatistheadvantageofinterchangeabilitysystem?

Asystemofinterchangeabilityusuallylowertheproductioncosts,asthereisnomeedforanxpensivenfiddlinglloperation,anditalsobenefitsthecustomerintheeventoftheneedtoreplacewornparts.

3・Thiskindofsystemdemandsthatthedimensionsofmatingparsbespecified，andthatdimensionalvariations,duetomachineandoperatorshortcomings^betakenintoaccount.

4・Themagnitudeofthetolerancedependsuponthetypeofoperationinvolved,theskillofthemachinist，theaccuracyofthemachine^andthesizeofthepart^

5・Thetoleranceshouldbeaslargeaspossible.

II

6,公差与极限尺寸

7可交换性系统

8尺寸误差

9允许的最大误差

10单边极限

1・双边：

bilaterallimits

2间隙:

clearancefit

3ii:

interferencefit

4基轴:

shaft-basedsystem

5基孔:

hole-basedsystem

IIILThedifferencebetweenthecalledthe（maximumerrorspermitted）.

2.Forgivengrademustbe（increased）.3.（ground）Relapsed.S.scrape.

6interchangeable.7.specified"•designated9.indicatedlO.specification

IV.1•显然，:

Itisobviousthatthetwopartswouldhavetoremaintogether,andintheeventofonehavingtobereplaced^thefittingwouldhavetobedonealloveragain*

2•具有:

Asystemofinterchangeabilityusuallylowerstheproductioncosts，asthereisnoneedforanexpensivenfiddlingnoperation,anditalsobenefitsthecustomerintheeventoftheneedtoreplacewornparts..

3•必须:

Someformofinspectionmustbeintroducedtoensurethatthemanufactureiscontrolled;thisisparticularlyimportant^becausedimensionalerrorsmaynotberevealeduntilsometimehaselapsed^andoftenmanymilesfromtheplacewherethemachiningwasdone.

4•这:

Theextremedimensionsarecalledthelimitsofsize,andthedifferencebetweenthemiscalledthetolerance.

5•公差:

Themagnitudeofthetolerancedependsuponthetypeofoperationinvolved,theskillofthemachinist^theaccuracyofthemachineandthesizeofthepart

Ill1•鼠：

Squirrel-cageinductionmotorsareknownfortheirruggednessandlowercost.

2.Squirrel-cagemotorrequiresverylittlecontrolequipment.

3>Wound-rotormotorrequiresadditionalsecondarycontroL

^Synchronousmaybeusedforalmostanyconstant-speeddriverequiringabout100hporover.

S.Synchronousmotorrequiresasourceofdeexcitationandspecialsynchronizingcontrol.

Exercises第7章

IX.Whatisthedefinitionofthetransducer?

Atransducerisadevicewhichconvertsthequantitybeingmeasuredintoanoptical,mechanicalormorecommonlyelectricalsignal.

2.Capacitanceinductancetransducers^magnetoelectrictransducers,thermoelectrictransducersandphotoelectrictransducer,etc.

3>Displacement^pressure^vibration,soundandliquidleveL

4.Naturalquartzcrystalsorbariumtitanateceramics.

5.Temperatureatlocalizedpointscanbedetermined,Theyarerobust,withawideoperatingrangefrom-250C-2?

000c.

II1•位移：

displacement2.thermocouple.3.resolution.4>impedance.5.photovoltaiceffect.6.磁场。

7磁电式传感器。

8电位计。

9稳态响应。

10压电效应。

IIL1•压电：

Piezoelectricmaterialsgenerateanoutputchargeproportionalto

appliedforce.

2•磁电：

Magnetoelectrictransducersemploytheprincipleofacoilmovinginamagneticfield.

3•输出:

Inputvoltageisproportionaltothevelocityofoutputmotion.

4•热电:

Thisthermoelectriceffectiswidelyusedintemperaturemeasurementandcontrolsystem.

5•光电：

Thephotovoltaiccellisbasedontheprincipleofthephotovoltaiceffect.

Thesuccessofindustryinturningsucheffectivetechniquestoadvantagebydevelopinglow-costproductswilldeterminetheimpactwhichopticalfibershaveoncommunications.

3・Thetelephonesystemscanbedividedintothreenetworks:

thelocalnetwork^whichtiescustomerstotheirrespectivelocalswitchingoffices;thetrunknetwork,whichinterconnectstheswitchingoffices;thelong-distancenetworkbetweencities.

4.Whentherearemanytelephonecallstobecarriedbetweenpointssuchasswitchingoffices,fibersystemsareeconomicallyattractive.

5.

6•无线光学通信

7在一对一的基础上

8本地线路

9铜线

10传统通信服务

Largerfiberbandwidth,lowerlossandmorereliableopticalsourceswouldmakeopticalfibersmorecompetitive.

II1・光纤：

opticalfiber

2.1ight-wave-guidefiber

3•中:

switchingoffice

4.wirepair

5.Lowloss

IIILThepresentcompetition（hasshifted）thefibers.

2.Thetelephonesystemscan（bedivided）intothreenetworks.3.Benefitt4.inexpensive5>compete6.suggest7.1oops8.technologypetelOwirepairs.

IV1•研究:

Moreove^studiessuggestthatthismaybethecaseforsometine.

2・Thustheinterofficetrunknetworkwillbethefirsttobenefitfromthisnewtechnology.

3.1nfact,varioustrunk・orientedcommunicationssystemsareunderconstructionorinoperationinmanyindustrializedcountries.

（Opticalfibershavetheadvantageofsmallcablesizeandweightandimmunitytolightningandotherelectromagneticinterference.

5.Afewopticalfibersdatalinksystemsarealreadyonthemarket^andmoreareunderdevel-opment.

Exercises第6章

Il.whatareadvantagedoftheinductionmotor?

Simplicity,economyanddurability^

2.Becauseoftheirruggednessandlowercost

3.1tismostusefulwhenahigh-speeddriveisdesired.

4.Wound-rotormotor

5.Costfactor.

II1•交流:

acmotor2Jnduction3・constantspeed.4・single・phase・5.continuoiis・

6•直流电动机。

7同步电动机。

8变速。

9便携式工具。

10电源

6•单边:

Unilatenillimitsareusuallyusedwhenthedistancebetweentwofaces,ofthediameterofdiameterofaholeorshaftisspecified.

Exercises第4章

I1・whatisthefunctionofamold?

Thefunctionofamodistworespects:

impartingthedesiredshapetotheelasticizedpolymerandcoolingtheinjectionmoldedpart,

2.Whatisthemoldmainlymadeupof?

Itisbasicallymadeupoftwosetso