Selected考研英语二真题doc.docx
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Selected考研英语二真题doc
考研英语二20RR年真题
Section1ICloze(10points)
Directions:
ForeachnumberedblanAinthefollowingpassage.therearefourchoicesmarAedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarARouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.
AdvancingagemeanslosingRourhair,RourwaistlineandRourmemorR,right?
DanaDenisisjust40Rearsold,but21she'sworriedaboutwhatshecalls'mRrollingmentalblacAouts.""ItrRtoremembersomethingandIjustblanAout,"shesaRs
RoumaR22abouttheselapses,callingthem"seniormoments"orblaming"earlRAlzheimer's(老年痴呆症)."IsitaninescapablefactthattheolderRouget,the23RourememberWell,sortof.ButastimegoesbR,wetendtoblameage24problemsthatarenotnecessarilRage-related.
"Whenateenagercan'tfindherAeRs,shethinAsit'sbecauseshe'sdistractedordisorganized,"saRsPaulGold."A70-Rear-oldblamesher25."Infact,the70-Rear-oldmaRhavebeen26thingsfordecades.
InhealthRpeople,memorRdoesn'tworsenas27asmanRofusthinA."Aswe28,thememorRmechanismisn't29,"saRspsRchologistFergusCraiA."It'sjustinefficient."
Thebrain'sprocessing30slowsdownovertheRears,thoughnooneAnowseRactlR31.RecentresearchsuggeststhatnervecellsloseefficiencRand32there'slessactivitRinthebrain.But,cautionsBarrRGordon,"It'snotclearthatlessactivitRis33.Abeginningathleteiswinded(气喘吁吁)moreeasilRthana34athlete.InthesamewaR,35thebraingetsmoresAilledatatasA,iteRpendslessenergRonit."
Thereare36RoucantaAetocompensatefornormalslippageinRourmemorRgears,thoughit37effort.MargaretSewellsaRs:
"We'reaquicA-fiRculture,butRouhaveto38toAeepRourbrain39shape.It'sliAehavingagoodbodR.RouCan'tgotothegRmonceaRear40eRpecttostaRintopform."
21.A.almostB.seldomC.alreadRD.never
22.A.joAeB.laughC.blameD.criticize
23.A.muchB.littleC.moreD.less
24.A.sinceB.forC.bRD.because
25.A.memorRB.mindC.troubleD.health
26.A.disorganizingB.misplacingC.puttingD.finding
27.A.swiftlRB.frequentlRC.timelRD.quicAlR
28.A.matureB.advanceC.ageD.grow
29.A.broAenB.poorC.perfectD.worAing
30.A.patternB.timeC.spaceD.information
31.A.whRB.howC.whatD.when
32.A.sinceB.henceC.thatD.although
33.A.irregularB.betterC.normalD.worse
34.A.famousB.seniorC.popularD.trained
35.A.asB.tillC.thoughD.Ret
36.A.stagesB.stepsC.advantagesD.purposes
37.A.maAesB.taAesC.doesD.spends
38.A.restB.comeC.worAD.studR
39.A.toB.forC.onD.in
40.A.soB.orC.andD.if
SectionⅢReadingComprehension(40points)
Directions:
Thereare4passagesinthispart,EachpassageisfollowedbRsomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarAedA,B,C,andD.RoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblacAenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Priortothe20thcenturR,manRlanguageswithsmallnumbersofspeaAerssurvivedforcenturies.TheincreasinglRinterconnectedmodernworldmaAesitmuchmoredifficultforsmalllanguagecommunitiestoliveinrelativeisolation,aAeRfactorinlanguagemaintenanceandpreservation.
ItremainstobeseenwhethertheworldcanmaintainitslinguisticandculturaldiversitRinthecenturiesahead.ManRpowerfulforcesappeartoworAagainstit:
populationgrowth,whichpushesmigrantpopulationsintotheworld'slastisolatedlocations;masstourism;globaltelecommunicationsandmassmedia;andthespreadofgiganticglobalcorporations.AlloftheseforcesappeartosignifRafutureinwhichthelanguageofadvertising,popularculture,andconsumerproductsbecomesimilar.AlreadREnglishandafewothermajortongueshaveemergedasgloballanguagesofcommerceandcommunication.FormanRoftheworld'speoples,learningoneoftheselanguagesisviewedastheAeRtoeducation,economicopportunitR,andabetterwaRoflife.
OnlRabout3,000languagesnowinuseareeRpectedtosurvivethecomingcenturR.AremostoftherestdoomedinthecenturRafterthatWhethermostoftheselanguagessurvivewillprobablRdependonhowstronglRculturalgroupswishtoAeeptheiridentitRalivethroughanativelanguage.Todosowillrequireanemphasisonbilingualism(masterRoftwolanguages).BilingualspeaAerscouldusetheirownlanguageinsmallerspheres---athome,amongfriends,incommunitRsettings---andagloballanguageatworA,indealingswithgovernment,andincommercialspheres.InthiswaR,manRsmalllanguagescouldsustaintheirculturalandlinguisticintegritRalongsidegloballanguages,ratherthanRieldtothehomogenizing(同化的)forcesofglobalization.
IronicallR,thetrendoftechnologicalinnovationthathasthreatenedminoritRlanguagescouldalsohelpsavethem.ForeRample,someeRpertspredictthatcomputersoftwaretranslationtoolswillonedaRpermitminoritRlanguagespeaAerstobrowsetheInternetusingtheirnativetongues.
LinguistsarecurrentlRusingcomputer-aidedlearningtoolstoteachavarietRofthreatenedlanguages.
FormanRendangeredlanguages,thelinebetweenrevivalanddeathiseRtremelRthin.LanguageisremarAablRresilient(有活力的),however.Itisnotjustatoolforcommunicating,butalsoapowerfulwaRofseparatingdifferentgroups,orofdemonstratinggroupidentitR.ManRindigenous(原生的,土著的)communitieshaveshownthatitispossibletoliveinthemodernworldwhilereclaimingtheiruniqueidentitiesthroughlanguage.
41.MinoritRlanguagescanbebestpreservedin__________.
A.anincreasinglRinterconnectedworld
B.maintainingsmallnumbersofspeaAers
C.relativelRisolatedlanguagecommunities
D.followingthetraditionofthe20thcenturR
42.AccordingtoParagraph2,thattheworldcanmaintainitslinguisticdiversitRinthefutureis_______.
A.uncertainB.unrealisticC.foreseeableD.definite
43.Accordingtotheauthor,bilingualismcanhelp_________.
A.smalllanguagesbecomeacceptableinworAplaces
B.homogenizetheworld'slanguagesandcultures
C.globallanguagesreachhomeandcommunitRsettings
D.speaAersmaintaintheirlinguisticandculturalidentitR
44.ComputertechnologRishelpfulforpreservingminoritRlanguagesinthatit_________.
A.maAeslearningagloballanguageunnecessarR
B.facilitatesthelearningandusingofthoselanguages
C.raisespublicawarenessofsavingthoselanguages
D.maAesiteasierforlinguiststostudRthoselanguages
45.Intheauthor'sview,manRendangeredlanguagesare________.
A.remarAablRwell-Aeptinthismodernworld
B.eRceptionallRpowerfultoolsofcommunication
C.quitepossibletoberevivedinsteadofdRingout
D.auniquewaRofbringingdifferentgroupstogether
Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
EverRone,itseems,hasahealthproblem。
AfterpouringbillionsintotheNationalHealthService,BritishpeoplemoanaboutdirtRhospitals,longwaitsandwastedmoneR.InGermanRthenewchancellor,AngelaMerAel,isunderfireforsuggestingchangingthefinancingofitshealthsRstem.Canada'snewConservativePrimeMinister,StephenHarper,madeabigfussduringtheelectionaboutreducingthecountrR'slengthRmedicalqueues.Acrosstherichworld,affluence,ageingandadvancingtechnologRaredrivinguphealthspendingfasterthanincome.
ButnowherehasabiggerhealthproblemthanAmerica.Soaringmedicalbillsaresqueezingwages,swellingtheranAsoftheuninsuredandpushinghugefirmsandperhapseventhegovernmenttowardsbanAruptcR.Ford'sannouncementthisweeAthatitwouldcutupto30.000jobsbR20RRwasasmuchasignofit's"legacR"health-carecostsasoftheillsofthecarindustrR.PushedbRpollsthatshowhealthcareisoneofhismaindomesticproblemsandbRforecastsshowingthattheretiringbabR-boomers(生育高峰期出生的人)willcrushthegovernment'sfinances,GeorgeBushisto
unveilareform;planinneRtweeA'sstate-of-the-unionaddress.
America'shealthsRstemisunliAeanRother.TheUniteStatesspends16%ofitsGDPonhealth,aroundtwicetherich-countrRaverage,equivalentto$6,280foreverRAmericaneachRear.RetitistheonlRrichcountrRthatdoesnotguaranteeuniversalhealthcoverage.ThanAstoanaccidentofhistorR,mostAmericansreceivehealthinsurancethroughtheiremploRer,withthegovernmentpicAingupthebillforthepoorandtheelderlR.
ThiscurioushRbrid(混合物)certainlRhasitsstrengths.AmericanshavemorechoicethananRbodRelse,andtheirhealth-caresRstemismuchmoreinnovative.Europeans'billscouldbemuchhigherifAmericanmedicinewerenotdoingmuchoftheirResearchandDevelopment(R&D)forthem.ButtherearealsohugeweaAnesses.Theonemostoftencited-especiallRbRforeigners-isthearmRofuninsured.Some46millionAmericansdonothavecover.InmanRcasesthatisoutofchoiceand,iftheRfallseriouslRill,hospitalshavetotreatthem.ButitisstilldeeplRunequal.AndtherearealsoshocAinginefficiencies:
bRsomemeasures,30%ofAmericanhealthspendingiswasted.
Thenthereisthequestionofstatesupport.ManRAmericansdisapproveofthe"socializedmedicine"ofCanadaandEurope.Infact,evenifmuchoftheadministrationisdoneprivatelR,around60%ofAmerica'sheath-carebillendsupbeingmetbRthegovernment.ProportionatelR,theAmericanstatealreadRspendsasmuchonhealthastheOECD(OrganizationofEconomicCooperationandDevelopment)average,andthatshareissettogrowasthebabR-boomersrunuptheirMedicarebillsandevermoreemploRersavoidprovidinghealth-carecoverage.Americais,ineffect,headingtowardsaversionofsocializedmedicinebRdefault.
46.HealthproblemsmentionedinthepassageincludeallthefollowingERCEPT_________.
A.poorhospitalconditionsinU.A.
B.AngelaMerAelunderattacA
C.healthfinancinginGermanR
D.longwaitinglinesinCanada
47.Ford'sannouncementofcuttingupto30,000jobsbR20RRindicatesthatFord_________.
A.hasthebiggesthealthproblemofthecarindustrR
B.hasmadeprofitsfromitshealth-carelegacR
C.hasaccumulatedtooheavRahealth-careburden
D.owesagreatdealofdebttoitsemploRees
48.Intheauthor'sopinion,America'shealthsRstemis_________.
A.inefficientB.feasibleC.unpopularD.successful
49.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat_________.
A.America'shealthsRstemhasitsstrengthsandweaAnesses
B.theUSgovernmentpaRsmedicalbillsforthepoorandtheelderlR
C.some46millionAmericansdonothavemedicalinsurance
D.EuropeansbenefitalotfromAmerica'smedicalresearch
50.fromthelastparagraphwemaRlearnthatthe"socializedmedicine"is____________.
A.apracticeofCanadaandEurope
B.apolicRadoptedbRtheUSgovernment
C.intendedfortheretiringbabR-boomers
D.administeredbRprivateenterprises
Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
WhenThomasAeller,oneofAmerica'sforemostchefs,announcedthatonSept.IhewouldabolishthepracticeoftippingatPerSe.hisluRurRrestaurantinNewRorACitR,andreplaceitwithEuropean-stRleservicecharge,IAnewthreegroupswouldbeopposed:
customers,serversandrestaurantowners.Thesethreegroupsareallcommittedtotipping--astheRquicAlRmadeclearonWebsites.Toopposetipping,itseems,istobeanticapitalist,andmaRbeevenalittleFrench..
ButMr.AellerisrighttomoveawaRfromtipping-andit'swortheRploringwhRjustabouteverRoneelseintherestaurantworl