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翻译硕士考试《英语翻译基础》样题及参考答案时间:

2009-11-2321:

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翻译硕士考试《英语翻译基础》样题

I.Directions:

Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviationsorterminologyintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.Therearealtogether30itemsinthispartofthetest,15inEnglishand15inChinese,withonepointforeach.（30’）

1.APEC

2.ASEAN

3.CFO

4.CPI

5.EMS

6.FBI

7.GPS

8.IPO

9.NATO

10.InternationalMonetaryFund

11.mostfavorednations

12.IntellectualPropertyRights

13.CertifiedPublicAccountant

14.EuropeanFreeTradeAssociation

15.InternationalAtomicEnergyAgency

16.按揭贷款

17.保健食品

18.保税区

19.不正之风

20.春运

21.第三产业

22.法制国家

23.国际惯例

24.货到付款

25.亏损企业

26.减员增效

27.联合兼并

28.留职停薪

29.特别提款权

30.市场准入

II.Directions:

Translatethefollowingtwosourcetextsintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish.（120’）

SourceText1:

　　Aphysicianstartsplayingaharshmentaltapeinherheadeverytimeanewpatientcalls:

WhatifImakethewrongdiagnosis?

I’materribledoctor.HowdidIgetintomedicalschool?

Anexecutiveloseshisjobdespite25productiveyears,hetellshimself:

I’maloser.Ican’tprovideformyfamily,andI’llneverbeabletodoitagain.Ifthesereal-lifeexamplessoundfamiliar,youmayhaveacausticcommentaryrunninginyourhead,too.PsychologistssaymanyoftheirpatientsareplaguedbyaharshInnerCritic—includingsomeextremelysuccessfulpeoplewhothinkit’sthesecrettotheirsuccess.

　　AnInnerCriticcanindeedroustyououtofbedinthemorning,getyouonthetreadmill（literallyandfiguratively）andspuryoutofinishthatbookorsymphonyorinvention.Butthedesiretoachievecangethijackedbyharshjudgmentandunrelentingfear.Unrelentingself-criticismoftengoeshandinhandwithanxiety,anditmayevenpredictdepression.Self-criticismisalsoafactorineatingdisorders,andbodydisorder—thatis,preoccupationwithone’sperceivedphysicalflaws.Manypeople’sInnerCriticmakesanappearanceearlyinlifeandissuchaconstantcompanionthatit’spartoftheirpersonality.Psychologistssaythatchildren,particularlythosewithageneticpredispositiontodepression,mayinternalizeandexaggeratetheexpectationsofparentsorpeersorsociety.Onetheoryisthatself-criticismisangerturnedinward,whensufferersarefilledwithhostilitybuttooafraidandinsecuretoletitout.Othertheoriesholdthatpeoplewhoscoldthemselvesareactingoutguiltorshameorsubconsciouslyshieldingthemselvesagainstcriticismfromothers:

Youcan’ttellmeanythingIdon’talreadytellmyself,eveninharsherterms.

　　Techniquesfromcognitivebehavioraltherapycanbehelpfulinchangingpatternsofthoughtthathavebecomepainful.Therearemanypatients,suchasdoctors,lawyers—whobelievedthatiftheydidn’tflogthemselves,theywouldn’tbesuccessful.Andpartofpsychologists’workistobreakthroughthatbeliefbytellingthepatientsthattheyusuallysucceedinspiteoftheirInnerCritics,notbecauseofthem.（360words）

【Keywords】

depression抑郁症cognitivebehavioraltherapy认知行为疗法

SourceText2:

　　农业是多哈谈判的核心。

发达国家和发展中国家都面临压力，但富国和穷国的压力是不同的。

在全球26亿农民中，发展中国家有25亿，而且大多数处在贫困状态。

即使发展中国家有雄心、有诚意去推进贸易自由化，也不能不顾及几千万甚至几亿农民的基本生计。

如果让那些已处于贫困线上的农民遭受更大的冲击，将引发灾难，届时发达国家也不得安宁。

因此，应立即给予最不发达国家免关税、免配额的待遇，应该给予发展中国家“特殊产品”和“特殊保障机制”的待遇。

　　在推动世界贸易自由化的过程中，关键是要照顾大多数，要让广大发展中成员能跟上前进的步伐。

因此，要给予所有发展中成员特殊和差别待遇，并力争在香港会议期间就棉花等问题作为阶段性成果达成共识。

让发展中成员“早期收获”，获得看得见、摸得着的好处，才能增强多数成员对多哈谈判的信心。

（344words）

【关键词】

多哈谈判theDohaRoundnegotiations免配额quota-free

原文链接：

http:

//www.kouyi.org/MTI/material/992.html

《英语翻译基础》样题参考答案

I.Directions:

Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviationsorterminologyintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.Therearealtogether30itemsinthispartofthetest,15inEnglishand15inChinese,withonepointforeach.（30’）

1.亚太经贸合作组织

2.东南亚国家联盟

3.首席财务官

4.消费价格指数

5.邮政特快专递

6.联邦调查局

7.全球定位系统

8.首次公开募股

9.北大西洋公约组织

10.国际货币基金组织

11.最惠国

12.知识产权

13.注册会计师

14.欧洲自由贸易联盟

15.国际原子能机构

16.mortgageloan

17.health-carefood

18.thebondedzone

19.bad（harmful）practice;unhealthytendency

20.（passenger）transportduringtheSpringFestival

21.tertiaryindustry;servicesector

22.astatewithanadequatelegalsystem

23.internationalcommonpractice

24.cashondelivery

25.enterprisesrunninginthered/underdeficit

26.downsizingforefficiency;cutpayrolltoimproveefficiency

27.conglomerationandmergerofenterprises

28.retainthejobbutsuspendthesalary

29.specialdrawingrights（SDR;SDRs）

30.marketaccess

II.Directions:

Translatethefollowingtwosourcetextsintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish（120’）.

英译汉：

　　一位内科医生每次给新病人看病时脑子里就会响起一个刺耳的声音：

我要是诊断错了该怎么办？

我是个蹩脚的医生。

当初我是怎么混进医学院的？

一位高管失业了，虽然此前有过25年的辉煌职业生涯，他还是不断地告诉自己：

我是个失败者。

我没法赡养家人，以后也都不能够了。

如果这些真实的事例对你来说非常地熟悉，那么你的头脑里可能也有那么一个严厉的声音在回荡。

心理学家称，很多病人都备受苛刻的自我怀疑的折磨──包括一些非常成功的人士，他们认为这正是自己成功的秘诀。

　　自我怀疑的确能在清晨把你从床上唤起，敦促你快马加鞭地干活，尽快去完成手头那本书、那支曲子或是那项发明。

不过对于成功的渴求也许会为严苛的评判及无休止的恐惧所阻挠。

无休止的自我批评通常会带来焦虑，甚至会导致抑郁症。

自我批评也会导致进食失调、身体机能紊乱，即总是想象自己的身体有缺陷。

很多人在幼年时期便有了自我怀疑的倾向，之后这个声音便常伴他们左右，成了他们性格的一个部分。

心理学家称，儿童，尤其是那些先天易患抑郁症的儿童，可能会内化并夸大父母、同辈或社会对自己的期望。

有一个说法认为，自我批评其实就是冲自身发泄怒气，这类人内心充满了敌对情绪，但是太过忧虑、太没有安全感，不敢把这种情绪发泄出来。

还有一些说法则认为，那些责备自己的人是在表达自己的负罪感或羞辱感，或者是下意识里保护自己免遭他人的责备：

你不能再来责备我了，我自己已经责备过自己了，用的词比你还要严厉呢。

　　各种认知行为疗法有助于改变给人带来痛苦的思维模式。

经常有一些医生、律师类的病人，他们相信如果他们对自己没有那么苛刻，就不会有现在的成功。

心理学家的部分工作内容就是打破那种成见，并告诉他们——很多时候他们是因为突破自责获得了成功，而并不是因为自责而成功的。

汉译英：

　　AgricultureisthecenterpieceoftheDohaRoundnegotiations.Althoughbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountriesarefacedwithpressures,thenatureoftheirdifficultiesisverydifferent.Ofthe2.6billionfarmingpopulationintheworld,2.5billionresideinthedevelopingcountries,andthemajorityofthemarelivingbelowpovertylines.Evenifsomedevelopingcountrieswerewillingtoembarkontheroadoftradeliberalization,theywouldhavetotakeintoaccountthebasiclivelihoodofmillionsorevenbillionsoftheirfarmers.Toexposethosepoorfarmerstofurtherexternalshockscouldtriggerdisastrousconsequences.Shouldsuchscenariooccur,thelifestyleoftherichcountrieswouldbeendangered,too.Itisthereforesensibletoofferduty-free,quota-freetreatmenttoproductsfromtheleastdevelopedcountriesimmediately.Developingcountriesshouldalsobeentitledtotheconceptsof“SpecialProducts”and“SpecialSafeguardMechanism”.

　　Intheprocessofpromotingworldtradeliberalization,itiscrucialtobearinmindtheinterestsofthemajorityandtoenablethemtoadapttothepaceofprogress.Hencethenecessityofprovidingspecialanddifferentialtreatmenttoalldevelopingcountries.ItisadvisabletoreachconsensusduringtheHongKongconferenceonissueslikecottonandothers,sothattherecouldbesome“EarlyHarvest”fordevelopingcountries.SuchvisibleandtangiblebenefitscouldboosttheconfidenceofmostmembersintheongoingDohaRoundnegotiations.

原文链接：

http:

//www.kouyi.org/MTI/material/992_2.html

2.Theword“centrifugal”inthesecondparagraphmeans

A.separatist.

B.conventional.

C.feudal.

D.political

3.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT

A.people’sdesirefordevolution.

B.locals’turnoutforthevoting.

C.powersofthelegislativebody.

D.statusofthenationallanguage.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcitedasanexampleoftheresurgenceofWelshnationalidentity?

A.Welshhaswitnessedarevivalasanationallanguage.

B.Poverty-relieffundshavecomefromtheEuropeanUnion.

C.AWelshnationalairlineiscurrentlyinoperation.

D.Thenationalsymbolhasbecomeafamiliarsight.

5.AccordingtoDyfanJoneswhathaschangedis

A.people’smentality.

B.popculture.

C.town’sappearance.

D.possibilitiesforthepeople.

PassageB

　　ThemiserablefateofEnron’semployeeswillbealandmarkinbusinesshistory,oneofthoseawfuleventsthateveryoneagreesmustneverbeallowedtohappenagain.Thisurgeisunderstandableandnoble:

thousandshavelostvirtuallyalltheirretirementsavingswiththedemiseofEnronstock.Butmakingsureitneverhappensagainmaynotbepossible,becausethesuddenimpoverishmentofthoseEnronworkersrepresentssomethingevenlargerthanitseems.It’sthelatestturnintheunwindingofoneofthemostaudaciouspromisesofthe20thcentury.

　　Thepromisewasassuredeconomicsecurity—evencomfort—foressentiallyeveryoneinthedevelopedworld.Withtheexplosionofwealth,thatbeganinthe19thcenturyitbecamepossibletothinkaboutapossibilitynoonehaddaredtodreambefore.Thefearatthecenterofdailylivingsincecavemandays—lackoffood,warmth,shelter—wouldatlastloseitspowertoterrify.Thatremarkablepromisebecamerealityinmanyways.Governmentscreatedwelfaresystemsforanyoneinneedandseparateprogramsfortheelderly（SocialSecurityintheU.S.）.Labourunionspromisednotonlybetterpayforworkersbutalsopensionsforretirees.Giantcorporationscameintobeingandofferedthepossibility—insomecasesthepromise—oflifetimeemploymentplusguaranteedpensions?

Thecumulativeeffectwasafundamentalchangeinhowmillionsofpeopleapproachedlifeitself,areversalofattitudethatmostrankasoneofthelargestinhumanhistory.Formillenniatheaverageperson’sstancetowardprovidingforhimselfhadbeen.UltimatelyI’monmyown.Nowitbecame,ultimatelyI’llbetakencareof.

　　Theearlyhintsthatthispromisemightbebrokenonalargescalecameinthe1980s.U.S.business