牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第11讲语法复习及阅读.docx

牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第11讲语法复习及阅读.docx

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牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语第11讲语法复习及阅读

教育1对3辅导讲义

学员姓名：

学科教师：

年级：

八年级辅导科目：

英语

授课日期

时间

主题

语法复习及阅读

学习目标

1.复习前面所学语法重点难点及常考考点，达到熟练掌握和灵活运用；

2.在阅读中积累词汇短语及句型并灵活迁移到写作中去。

教学内容

1、上次课后巩固作业复习；

2、互动探索。

1.这个标志的含义是什么？

2.这个标志有何含义？

3.这个标志有何含义？

4.这个标志有何含义？

Readandfindoutsomeusefulinformation.

Therearemoreandmorepeopleandmoreandmorecars.

Trafficisabigprobleminmanycitiesaroundtheworld.Trafficisespeciallybadduringrushhour---thetimewhenpeoplegotoworkorschoolandthetimewhentheygohome.

Manypeopletakebuses,subways,ortrainstowork,butmanyotherpeopledrivetheircars.Asaresult,thestreetsareverybusy,andtrafficisverybad.

Manycitiesaretryingtosolvetheirtrafficproblems.Somecitiesarebuildingmoreroads.Othercitiesareexpandingtheirbusandsubwaysystems.

Manycitiesaretryingtoreducethenumberofcarsonthetheirroads.Somehighwayshavecarpoollanesforcarswithtwo,three,ormorepeople.Insomecities,peopledrivetheircarsonlyoncertaindaysoftheweek.Forexample,inAthens,peoplewithlicenseplatenumbersendingin0through4driveonsomedays,andpeoplewithnumbersendingin5through9driveonotherdays.

Everydayaroundtheworld,moreandmorepeopledrivetoandfromworkinmoreandmorecars.Asaresult,trafficisaglobalproblem.

.readingandspeaking

知识名称：

阅读理解

【知识梳理1】

Likeundergroundsystemsallaroundtheworld,therearetwomainrulesontheLondonUnderground:

Pleasemindthegapandpleasegiveupyourseattoapersoncarryingachildorheavyluggage.

ButLondon’s150-year-oldundergroundsystemisalittlebitdifferent1therearealsoanothertworules:

Neverlookatothersanddon’tgettooclosetotheotherpassengers.Ifyoudoanyofthesethings,youwillbreak2,andthewholecarriage（车厢）willlookatinanunfriendlyway.

OntheLondonUnderground,peopledonottalktooneanother,norlookatoneanother.Iftheyhavetolookateachother,theywill3fasterthanyoucansayduibuqi.Passengersusuallykeepsomedistanceawayfromtheothers.Incrowdedcarriagespeoplewillstandnearthedooratstationstops,sothecarriagelooksfullwhenactuallythereisplentyof4.ThereisnopushingyourselfinasBeijingsubwaypassengersdo.

Thebiggestproblemcomeswithgettingaseat,andsomepeopleinEnglandevenexplainhowtogetaseatontheInternet.Ifyouareluckyenoughtofindyourselfsittinginoneofthefewseats5wants,youwillcatchtheattentionofthewholecarriage,soyoucan’twin.

Sometimesthetraindriverwillmakeajokeovertheloudspeaker,sayingsomethinglike,“Howiseveryonegettingoninthere?

”AfewpeoplewillsmileandrealizethathowstrangetheUndergroundenvironmentis.6,itwillbebacktothebasicrulesassoonasthismomentpasses,:

Noeyecontact,notouching,nogettingintopersonalspaceandnostandingontheleft.

1.A）althoughB）whenC）becauseD）if

2.A）thefriendshipB）thebalanceC）thecarriageD）thedarkness

3.A）lookawayB）setoffC）jumpupD）fallasleep

4.A）airB）roomC）moneyD）information

5.A）thedriverB）atouristC）everybodyD）nobody

6.A）InadditionB）InsteadC）BesidesD）However

【知识梳理2】

TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportanttimeforChinesepeopletogohome.PeoplearoundChinawillt1bytrain235milliontimesduringtheSpringFestivalrush.Formanypeople,gettingaticketduringthistimeisabigproblemeveryyear.Butin2019,thingsmaygetbetter.

Thegovernmenthasworkedhardtos2theticketproblem.Therearemanynewwaysforpassengerstobuy

theirticketsthisyear.Otherthangotothetrainstations,peoplecanlogontothewebsite12306.enorcall95105105togettheirtickets.

PassengerswishingtobuytrainticketsfromJanuary1,2019onwillhavetoshowidentification（身份证明）a3thecountry.AdultscanuseIDcardsorpassportswhenbuyingtickets.Childrenunder16whoaretallerthan1.5mcanalsousestudentidentificationcardsandhouseholdregister（户口）.Verification（证明）froma14policestationworksforkids,too.

Underthereal-namesystem,passengerswillgetticketswiththeirnamesandIDnumbersprintedonthem.PartoftheIDnumberishiddentop5passengers'personalinformation.

MissLi,ateacherfromMinzuUniversityofChina,isinchargeofbuyingtrainticketsforstudents.Hefeelsit'se6tobuyticketsunderthereal-namesystemthanbefore."Wesuccessfullygotticketsfor98percentofstudentsthisyear,lastyearweonlygot85percent,"hesaid.However,thenewsystemalsofaceschallenges.Passengersnowhavetogettotrainstationsearlierthanbeforetohavetheiridentitieschecked.What'smore,passengersneedtolookaftertheirticketscarefully,sotheirpersonalinformationwillnotgetintothewrongh7.

.语法复习

【知识梳理1】时间状语从句

连词

时态用法

例句

when

主句：

过去进行时

从句：

一般过去时

ØMyfatherwasreadingnewspaperswhenIarrivedhome.

ØItwasraininghardwhenwearrived.

while

从句：

进行时

ØHefellasleepwhile（hewas）doinghishomework.

ØWhileMarywaswritingaletter,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.

since

主句：

现在完成时

从句：

一般过去时

句型：

Itis+一段时间+since+从句（一般过去时）

ØIhavemadeplentyoffriendssinceIcametoShanghai.

ØItisfiveyearssinceheleftschool.

主将从现：

（not）until,till,assoonas,when,before,after

【巩固练习】

1.Beforethebridge________,thelocalpeoplehadtoreachtheothersidebyferry.

A.isbuiltB.willbebuiltC.wasbuiltD.hasbeenbuilt

2.Mr.BlackhasmademanyChinesefriends________hecametoChina.

A.beforeB.untilC.assoonasD.since

3.Wehavebeengoodfriends________wejoinedthesamesinginggroup.

A.untilB.whenC.sinceD.though

4.Willyouhelphim________youseeanoldmanlyinginthemiddleofthestreet?

A.thoughB.whenC.becauseD.unless

5.Henrywillgiveusareportassoonashe________.

A.arrivesB.arrivedC.isarrivingD.willarrive

6.Thebravegirlcaughtawomanthiefwhileshe________attheundergroundstation.

A.stoleB.stealsC.wasstealingD.hasstolen

7.Sallytookaphotoofherfriendswhilethey________computergames.

A.playB.areplayingC.haveplayedD.wereplaying

8.________youhavebeeninBeijingformanyyears,youmustbequitefamiliarwiththecity.

A.WhileB.SinceC.WhenD.Unless

9.Whentheygottotheairport,theirflight________off.

A.tookB.hadtakenC.takesD.hastaken

10.Iwon'tbelievethefive-year-oldboycanreadsomanywords________Ihavetestedhimmyself.

A.afterB.whenC.ifD.until

【知识梳理2】其他状语从句

状语从句

连词

用法特点

条件状语从句

if,aslongas,unless

主将从现，主祈从现，主情从现

结果状语从句

so/such…that

=too…to=enoughto…

原因状语从句

because,as,since

不与“so”连用

让步状语从句

though,although

不与“but”连用

✧Youcanstaytodinnerifyoulike.

✧UnlessEnglandimprovetheirgamethey'regoingtolosethematch.

✧Shewastooangrytospeak.

=Shewassoangry（that）shecouldn'tspeak.

✧Manyfamiliesbreakupbecauseofalackofmoney.

✧Thoughtheylackofficialsupporttheycontinuetheirstruggle.

【巩固练习】

1.Ican’tunderstandthesentence________therearenonewwordsinit.

A.ifB.untilC.thoughD.because

2.Thepoliceasked________wesawanybodybreakintothehousetostealthings.

A.whoB.ifC.whatD.where

3.Iamafraidyouwon'tgetthejob________you'rethebest.

A.ifB.assoonasC.becauseD.unless

4.ThisEnglish-Englishdictionarycostmealot,________it'sreallyusefulforme.

A.soB.norC.orD.but

5.IhavesomethingimportanttodiscusswithTim.IwillwaitforTim________hegetsback.

A.asB.untilC.whenD.after

6.IfTonyisn’tcarefulenoughwithhislesson,moremistakes_________later.

A）.havemadeB.willmakeChavebeenmadeD.willbemade

7.Ifit________tomorrow,wewillhaveapicnicinthepark.

A.don'trainB.didn'trainC.won'trainD.doesn'train

8.—Doyouknowifhe________toplayfootballwithus?

—Ithinkhewillcomeifhe________freetomorrow.

A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe

9.Whenthetrafficaccident________,Iwaswalkingwithmyfriendbytheroad.

A.happensB.happenedC.wouldhappenD.hadhappened

10.________IhavebeentoItalyseveraltimes,Iknowalotaboutit.

A.IfB.AlthoughC.AsD.Unless

【知识梳理3】代词

代词

考点解析

例句

oneself

helponeselfto;enjoyoneself

✧Thechildrenenjoyedthemselvesplayinginthewater.

✧Helpyourselvestothecakes,everyone.

something/anyone/everybody

不定代词+形容词adj.;

其后动词用单数形式

✧There'snothinginterestingonthefrontpage.

✧There'ssomethingwrongwiththeTV.

that/those

比较级句型

✧TheweatherinShanghaiiswetterthanthatinBeijing.

✧PeopleisShanghaiearnmorethanthoseinChengdu.

★

other,others,another

one…theother（=2）

some…others

other+名词=others

another+可数名词单数/时间段

✧Mr.Whitehastwosons.Onesonwenttolivein

Australiaandtheotheronewaskilledinacarcrash.

✧Somepeoplecamebycar,otherscameonfoot.

✧Mr.SmithandMrs.Jonesandthreeotherteacherswere

there.

✧Thispendoesn'tworkcanyougivemeanotherone?

✧Inanothertwoweeksit'llbefinished.

★both/neither/either

both…and动词复数形式

neither…nor动词就近原则

either…or动词就近原则

✧Bothhisbrotherandsisteraremarried.

✧NeithertheTVnorthevideoactuallyworks.

✧EitherEnglishorRussianisnotdifficultforme.

【巩固练习】

1.Afriendis________thatwecandependonwhenweareintrouble.

A.nobodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.anybody

2.Thetwinsandtheirmotherwereverytired,but________ofthemwouldstopforarest.