nco常用命令及高级玩法.docx
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nco常用命令及高级玩法
NNcocommand:
注意：
nc文件中的文件名最好不要用数字开头，
1. ncdump –hnc文件名 查看nc文件的信息
2. ncrcat2001.nc2002.nc2003.ncout.nc n个nc文件按时间顺序合并
3. ncks：
ncks-dtime,624,635nswrs.mon.mean.kang.ncnswrs.month.00.nc 将时次624到635的资料从nswrs.mon.mean.kang.nc中分割出来放在nswrs.month.00.nc中
ncks-A-vuavg,vavgin.ncout.nc 将in.nc中的uavg,vavg变量添加到out.nc中去，同时in.nc和out中的cordinatevariablename重复，in.nc中的cordinatevariable 替换out.nc中的coordinatevariable
ncks-O-x-vUSin.ncout.nc:
RemoveUSvariablefromin.nc,thatis,theout.nccontainsallvariablesofin.ncexceptUS
ncks–O–dlon,12in.ncout.nc:
subsetvariableswithlon（12）
ncks–O–dlon,12.in.ncout.nc:
subsetvariableswithlon=12.
4. ncea–dtime,0,2–dlat,0,3685.nc86.nc87.ncave.nc, 对前面多个文件在规定的维数范围内求平均，放在后面一个文件里面。
5.ncl_convert2nca.grb ，将grb文件转化成为nc文件
6.ncl_filedump–ca.grb
7.
8、ncatted:
比较简单，但是也比较容易出错，最好参考教材
ncatted-O-aunits,y_T,o,c,nounitsoda_test_restore.nc 为变量y_T的units属性修改为字符型属性nounits
ncatted-O-acartesian_axis,grid_y_T,c,c,Yoda_test_restore.nc 为变量grid_y_T 增加属性cartesian_axis＝”Y”
ncatted-acase,global,m,c,fwffwf.cpl.r.1941-01-01-00000.nc:
changeglobalattributes.
ncatted-amissing_value,temp,m,f,36oda_sub_kang.nc 将变量的缺省值修改为36.0，注意，修改的不仅是metadata，而且也修改了temp变量里面缺省值的值为36.0,注意，此时最好_Fill_Value最好不要出现
ncatted-O-afilename,global,m,c,temp_sfc_restore.ncoda_test_restore.nc 修改oda_test_restore.nc中globalattributes 下面filename的值为temp_sfc_restore.nc
ncatted-aTITLE,global,c,c,"OUTPUTFROMWRFV3.3MODEL"wrf.d01.nc
ncatted-O-acalendar,time,d,,, u10_07sep1_08mar2.nc 删除time的calendar属性
9、ncrename：
ncrename –vtemp,temin.nc 给变量改名
ncrename –dlat1,latin.nc 给坐标改名
10、ncap2（ncap）：
必须要两个文件名：
in.ncout.nc
ncapusuallylosestheattributewhilencap2keepsattribute.
ncap2-O-s'anomaly_2hour_outchange=temp-temp_restore'in.ncout.nc 两个变量相减生成第三个变量
ncap2-O-s'temp_oda=float（temp_oda）'in.ncout.nc 将in.nc中的变量temp_oda转变成float类型
ncap2 –O –s ‘lon_lat[lon,lat]=lat+lon’ in.ncout.nc lat和lon分别是一维数组，产生一个二维数组lon_lat（lon,lat）
11、ncpdq:
ncpdq-a-latoda_sub_kang.ncout.nc 改变lat的排列方向
ncpdq-aT,Z,Y,X-vtemptemperature_jccom.ncout.nc 改变变量temp的排放顺序为temp（t,z,y,x）
ncpdq-azt,TIMEregrid_3d.ncout.nc changetherecorddimensionfromTIMEtozt
ncpdqin.ncout.ncallvariabletonc_short
ncpdq–Uin.ncout.ncunpackallvariabletofloat
12、ncra
ncra-dTIME,0,30,1u_10.ncu.nc 对u_10.nc的第一个月求平均值
13、ncwa:
Note:
onlyvalidinonedimensionaverage.
ncwa －O –alonin.ncout.nc storethezonalmeanofin.ncinout.nc
14 ncbo
needonly3files.
ncbo -O--op_typ=add/sub/mlt/dvdin1.ncin2.ncout.nc “ncboperformsbinaryoperations（additionsubtractionmultiplicationdivision,file1+-*/file2=out.nc）onvariablesinfile1andcorrespondingvariables（thosewiththesamename）infile2andstorestheresultsinfile3
15 ncflint
ncflint-O-C-vprs_sfc-w0.01,0.0in.ncin.ncout.nc -C, whichcauses NCO to notautomaticallyaddcoordinatestothevariablesappearingintheoutput-file. Rescalethedimensionalunitsofthesurfacepressureprs_sfcfromPascalstohectopascals （millibars）
含nc文件的fortran编译命令
ifort-ofortran.exefortran1.f90-I/usr/local/include-L/usr/local/lib –lnetcdf
17上用32位编译：
xlf90layer.f90-I/gpfs/fs4/kangxb/software/software.32bit/include-L/gpfs/fs4/kangxb/software/software.32bit/lib-lnetcdf
Xlf90 –ca.f90 只编译不链接
Segmentationfault：
堆栈不够的标志，此时尝试用-q64编译，如果还不行，就只好修改程序，减少堆栈
GRADS：
1、grads二进制文件转换成为nc文件：
lats4d-itest.ctl-otest.nc-ftypectl-varsclfmi
2、命令行执行lats4d:
gradsc -lbc "lats4d -v -q -i model -o ex1"
CDO
./configureCC=pgcc--prefix=/global/u2/k/kang/software/cdo-1.4.3--with-netcdf=/opt/cray/netcdf/4.0.1.0/netcdf-pgi/--with-hdf5=/opt/cray/hdf5/1.8.3.0/hdf5-pgi/--with-szlib=/usr/common/usg/szip/2.1/pgi/
./configureCC=pgcc--prefix=/global/u2/k/kang/software/cdo-1.4.3--with-netcdf=
/opt/cray/netcdf/4.0.1.0/netcdf-pgi
--with-hdf5=
/opt/cray/hdf5/1.8.5.0/hdf5-pgi/
--with-szlib=/usr/common/usg/szip/2.1/pgi/
onevergreen:
./configure--prefix=/homes/xkang/software/cdo--with-netcdf=/cell_root/software/netcdf/4.1.1/intel400CC=icc--with-hdf5=/cell_root/software/hdf/1.8.6/intel/sys/include LIBS='-lcurl'
./configure--prefix=/homes/xkang/software/cdo--with-netcdf=/cell_root/software/netcdf/4.1.1/intel400CC=iccLIBS='-lcurl-lgssapi_krb5-lssl-lcrypto-ldl-lidn-ldes425-lkrb5-lk5crypto-lcom_err-lkrb5support-lresolv'
1. binary->nc /global/u2/k/kang/software/cdo-1.4.3/bin/cdo-fncimport_binaryin.ctlout.nc
2.nc->grib:
https:
//code.zmaw.de/boards/1/topics/2907
operatorstrategies:
1、 specifyinglargenumberfiles:
ncfilename=alphanumeric_prefix+numeric_suffix+’.’+filetype#
ncea/ncecat/ncra/ncrcat –nfile_number,digit_number,numeric_increment #wheredigitnumberisthefixednumberofnumericdigitscomprisingthenumeric_suffix,asthefollowingexample：
digit_numberis2,noalphanumeric_prefix,ifdigit_numberis1,thenthealphanumeric_prefixis8.
ncra –n5,2,185.nc8589.nc #ncra85.nc86.nc87.nc88.nc89.nc8589.nc
specialskills:
2、 converttimefromarecorddimensiontoanon-recorddimension
ncecatin.ncout.nc #Converttimetonon-recorddimension
ncwa-arecordin.ncout.nc #Removenewdegeneraterecorddimension
3、 converttimefromafixeddimensiontoarecorddimension
ncecatin.ncout.nc #createarecorddimension:
“record”
ncpdq-aTIME,recordout.ncin.nc#changetherecorddimensionfrom “record” toTIME
ncwa-arecordin.ncout.nc #Removenewdegeneraterecorddimension
4、 howtogluetimedimensionlackingfilestogetherwithtimedimensionadded?
（ex:
temp_0hour（lat,lon）,temp_6hour（lat,lon）totemp（time,lon,lat））
ncecattemp1.nctemp_0hour.nc result:
temp（record,lat,lon）,record=UNLIMITED;//（1currently）
ncecattemp2.nctemp_6hour.nc result:
temp（record,lat,lon）,record=UNLIMITED;//（1currently）
ncrcattemp_0hour.nctemp_6hour.nctemp.nc,result:
temp（record,lat,lon）,record=UNLIMITED;//（2currently）
ncrename –drecord,timetemp.nc result:
temp（time,lat,lon）
createtime.ncfile（like:
time=UNLIMITED;//（2currently）,doubletime（time））withncl
ncks –Atime.nctemp.nc result:
temp（time,lat,lon）
5、 Howtouse.psfileintheword?
Openthe*.psfilewithgsvsoftware->selectthe “PStoEPS” buttonin “file” menu->saveas*.eps（thewordsupportedformat）
Open.pswithgsview->convert->jpeg
6、 Nclmultipleinputfilesskills:
Ex:
######definevariable#################
name=new（（/2/）,string）
in=new（（/2/）,file）
temp=new（（/2,50,200,360/）,double）
######givethevariablethevalue#######
name（0）=（/"temp.2005_1.nc"/）
name
（1）=（/"temp.2005_2.nc"/）
doi=0,1
in（i）=addfile（name（i）,"r"）
in2=in（i）
temp（i,:
:
:
）=in2->temp
enddo
7、 addtimerecord
#!
/bin/csh
setecho
#attributetimedimensionasrecorddimension
foreachlabel（soda_u_1981.ncsoda_v_1981.nc ）
ncecat-O$labelout.nc
ncpdq-O-atime,recordout.ncout1.nc
ncwa-O-arecordout1.nc$label
rmout*
end
8.dailymeantomonthlymeanincludingleapyear.
#!
/bin/tcsh
setecho
rm*.tmp
@yr=1951
while（$yr<=2007）
setisleap=0
foreachyr1（1952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219962000200420082012）
if（$yr==$yr1）then
setisleap=1
endif
end
if（$isleap==0）then
ncra-O-dtime,0,30download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.10.nc
ncra-O-dtime,31,58download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.11.nc
ncra-O-dtime,59,89download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.12.nc
ncra-O-dtime,90,119download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.13.nc
ncra-O-dtime,120,150download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.14.nc
ncra-O-dtime,151,180download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.15.nc
ncra-O-dtime,181,211download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.16.nc
ncra-O-dtime,212,242download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.17.nc
ncra-O-dtime,243,272download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.18.nc
ncra-O-dtime,273,303download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.19.nc
ncra-O-dtime,304,333download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.20.nc
ncra-O-dtime,334,364download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.21.nc
else
ncra-O-dtime,0,30download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.10.nc
ncra-O-dtime,31,59download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.11.nc
ncra-O-dtime,60,90download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.12.nc
ncra-O-dtime,91,120download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.13.nc
ncra-O-dtime,121,151download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.14.nc
ncra-O-dtime,152,181download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.15.nc
ncra-O-dtime,182,212download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.16.nc
ncra-O-dtime,213,243download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.17.nc
ncra-O-dtime,244,273download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.18.nc
ncra-O-dtime,274,304download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.19.nc
ncra-O-dtime,305,334download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.20.nc
ncra-O-dtime,335,365download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.21.nc
endif
ncrcat-O-n12,2,1out.10.ncmonth/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.nc
rmout*
@yr+=1
End
9.Fourtimesperdailymeantomonthlymean
forvarinslp_t_10_modq_10_modu_10_modv_10_mod
do
filein=$var.clim.nc
fileout=$var.clim.monthly.nc
ncra-O-dtime,0,123$fileinout.10.nc
ncra-O-dtime,124,235$fileinout.11.nc
ncra-O-dtime,236,359$fileinout.12.nc
ncra-O-dtime,360,479$fileinout.13.nc
ncra-O-dtime,480,603$fileinout.14.nc
ncra-O-dtime,604,723$fileinout.15.nc
ncra-O-dtime,724,847$fileinout.16.nc
ncra-O-dtime,848,971$fileinout.17.nc
ncra-O-dtime,972,1091$fileinout.18.nc
ncra-O-dtime,1092,1215$fileinout.19.nc
ncra-O-dtime,1216,1335$fi
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