CentOS7学习笔记.docx
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CentOS7学习笔记
Apache运行账号daemon
Mysql账号
Root:
123179
Cacti:
123179
Cacti系统账号：
cactiuser:
123179（给rrdlogs权限的账号，cron的运行账号）
Cacti登录账号：
admin:
123179
Nagios账号：
Nagios系统账号:
nagios,组：
nagios,nagcmd
NagiosWEBaccess账号：
nagiosadmin:
123179
CentOS7源码安装apache
错误：
apr/apr-util
1.下载apr/apr-util，解压至apache（httpd）目录./httpd-2.4-XX/srclib，将arp/arp-util后缀中的数字去掉
2.重新编译./httpd-2.4-XX/configure--prefix=/usr/local/apache2--with-included-apr
错误：
pcre
1.从pcre.org下载pcre,解压，编译，安装./pcre-xxx/configure--prefix=/usr/loca/pcre;make;makeinstall
2.重新编译./httpd-2.4-XX/configure--prefix=/usr/local/apache2--with-included-apr--with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre
错误：
gcc/gcc-c++
1.sudoyuminstallgccgcc-c++
经验：
安装系统开机启动服务
1./usr/lib/systemd/system（需要用户登录才启动的：
/usr/lib/systemd/user）
2.sudovim/usr/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service
3.[Unit]
Description=Apache2httpserverservices
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectlstart
ExecReload=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectlrestart
ExecStop=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectlstop
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
4.chmod754apache2.service
5.sudosystemctlenable/disableapache2.service
6.sudosystemctlstart/stop/restartapache2.service
经验：
CentOS7关闭默认防火墙
sudosystemctlstopfirewalld.service
或者放开防火墙端口
Sudofirewall-cmd--permanent–add-port=80/tcp
错误：
图形界面开机后couldnotapplythestoredconfiguration
rm–f~/.config/monitors.xml
CentOS7源码安装mysql
经验：
准备条件make,cmake,gcc-c++
错误：
FATALERROR:
pleaseinstallthefollowingPerlmodulesbeforeexecuting./mysql_install_db:
1.sudoyuminstallperl-Module-Install
错误：
CouldNOTfindCurses（missing:
CURSES_LIBRARYCURSES_INCLUDE_PATH）
CMakeErroratcmake/readline.cmake:
85（MESSAGE）:
Curseslibrarynotfound.Pleaseinstallappropriatepackage,
removeCMakeCache.txtandreruncmake.OnDebian/Ubuntu,packagenameislibncurses5-dev,onRedhatandderivatesitisncurses-devel.
1.yuminstallncurses-devel
2.删除CMakeCache.txt继续运行cmake.
错误：
CMakeErroratinfo_macros.cmake:
110（FILE）:
fileInternalCMakeerrorwhentryingtoopenfile:
/home/osborn.lee/Downloads/mysql-5.6.26/Docs/INFO_BINforwriting.
CallStack（mostrecentcallfirst）:
cmake/info_bin.cmake:
29（CREATE_INFO_BIN）
make[2]:
***[CMakeFiles/INFO_BIN]Error1
make[1]:
***[CMakeFiles/INFO_BIN.dir/all]Error2
make:
***[all]Error2
1.yum-yinstallgccgcc-c++autoconfautomakezlib*fiex*libxml*ncurses-devellibmcrypt*libtool-ltdl-devel*cmakecmake-guilibaio-develbison-develmake
错误：
写入失败mysqld_safeLoggingto'/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS7.err'.
1修改data目录权限chown–Rmysqldata
经验：
修改mysqlroot账户密码
1#mysqladmin–urootpassword“NEWPASSWORD”#在centos7上不成功
2#mysqladmin–uroot–p
Mysql>setpasswordfor‘root’@’localhost’=password（‘NEWPASSWORD’）;
3#mysqladmin–uroot–p
Mysql>updatemysql.usersetpassword=password（‘NEWPASSWORD’）whereuser=’root’;
Mysql>flushprivileges;
经验：
启动mysql（开机启动mysql）
1启动/关闭mysql
#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe–user=mysql&
#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladminshutdown
可以将/usr/local/mysql/bin加入系统路径中
a在/etc/profile加入PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:
$PATH
b重启系统或者刷新配置立即生效#source/etc/profile
2使用mysql.server命令
#/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.serverstart
#/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.serverstop
3开机自动启动mysql
在/usr/lib/systemd/system/中创建mysql.service文件，内容如下：
[Unit]
Description=MySQLCommunityServer
After=network.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
PermissionsStartOnly=true
#ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-startpre
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe--user=mysql
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladminshutdown
#ExecStartPost=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-startpost
TimeoutSec=600
Restart=on-failure
PHP源码安装
错误：
configure:
error:
CannotfindOpenSSL's
1sudoyuminstallphpphp-devel
错误：
error:
PleasereinstalltheBZip2distribution
1sudoyuminstallbzip2bzip2-devel
编译PHP5.5.6时安装mcrypt2.6.8（2013-11-2016:
52:
44）
转载
▼
标签：
mcryptmhashlibmcryptld_library_pathlibmhashit分类：
Linux
按顺序安装下列库:
1.libmcrypt2.5.8
2.mhash0.9.9.9
3.mcrypt2.6.8
问题出在安装mcrypt2.6.8的时候,编译时报错:
checkingformhash_keygenin-lmhash...no
configure:
error:
"Youneedatleastlibmhash0.8.15tocompilethisprogram.
在安装mcrypt之前先配置路径
###exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/libmcrypt/lib:
/usr/local/mhash/lib
###exportLDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/mhash/lib/-I/usr/local/mhash/include/"
###exportCFLAGS="-I/usr/local/mhash/include/"
###./configure--prefix=/usr/local/mcrypt/--with-libmcrypt-prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
接下来的php编译参数需要添加这两项:
--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt
--with-mhash=/usr/local/mhash
经验：
编译php
./configure--prefix=/usr/local/php--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql--with-openssl--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config--enable-mbstring--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5/etc--with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php5/etc/php.d--with-bz2--enable-sockets--with-snmp=/usr/local/net-snmp
安装rrdtool
错误：
libpngpangocairo
1yuminstalllibpng-devellibpng-static
2yuminstallpango-develcairo-devel
Useraddcactiuser–s/sbin/nologin
crontab-ucactiuser-e
*/1****/usr/local/php5/bin/php/usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php>/dev/null2>&1
crontab–ucactiuser–l
安装nagios
错误：
Notrunning以及cgi不执行
Httpd.conf
启用：
LoadModulecgid_modulemodules/mod_cgid.so
NCPAasitisusinganon-standardport（5693）
Windows测试:
https:
//localhost:
5693/api/?
token=public
./check_nrpe-H10.16.93.229-calias_cpu
PDQDeploy
Npreport:
5666
NSCLIENT++使用自定义脚本
[/settings/externalscripts/scripts]
check_py=cmd/c"scripts\python\check_py.py"
NRPE使用自定义脚本
[root@nhserver1libexec]#vim/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
command[nh_check_getload]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/getload.py
Icinga安装
1#rpm--importhttp:
//packages.icinga.org/icinga.key
#curl-o/etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repohttp:
//packages.icinga.org/epel/ICINGA-release.repo
#yummakecache
RHEL/CentOS7andFedora:
#yuminstallicinga2
#systemctlenableicinga2
#systemctlstarticinga2
下载单个文件，默认将输出打印到标准输出中（STDOUT）中
curlhttp:
//www.centos.org
通过-o/-O选项保存下载的文件到指定的文件中：
-o：
将文件保存为命令行中指定的文件名的文件中
-O：
使用URL中默认的文件名保存文件到本地
1#将文件下载到本地并命名为mygettext.html
2curl-omygettext.htmlhttp:
//www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html
3
4#将文件保存到本地并命名为gettext.html
5curl-Ohttp:
//www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html
#icinga2featurelist
1安装icinga-web
1）安装mysql，centos7之后用mariadb替代mysql，maria是mysql的一个分支，防止orcal对mysql进行闭源的风险。
#yuminstallicinga2-ido-mysql
SettinguptheMySQLdatabase
SetupaMySQLdatabaseforIcinga2:
#mysql-uroot-p
mysql>CREATEDATABASEicinga;
GRANTSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,DROP,CREATEVIEW,INDEX,EXECUTEONicinga.*TO'icinga'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'123179';
AftercreatingthedatabaseyoucanimporttheIcinga2IDOschemausingthefollowingcommand:
#mysql-uroot-picinga
2）EnablingtheIDOMySQLmodule
Thepackageprovidesanewconfigurationfilethatisinstalledin/etc/icinga2/features-available/ido-mysql.conf.Youwillneedtoupdatethedatabasecredentialsinthisfile.
Allavailableattributesareexplainedinthe IdoMysqlConnectionobjectchapter.
Youcanenablethe ido-mysql featureconfigurationfileusing icinga2featureenable:
#icinga2featureenableido-mysql
Module'ido-mysql'wasenabled.
MakesuretorestartIcinga2forthesechangestotakeeffect.
Afterenablingtheido-mysqlfeatureyouhavetorestartIcinga2:
Debian/Ubuntu,RHEL/CentOS6andSUSE:
#serviceicinga2restart
RHEL/CentOS7andFedora:
#systemctlrestarticinga2
3）SettingUpExternalCommandPipe
WebinterfacesandotherIcingaaddonsareabletosendcommandstoIcinga2throughtheexternalcommandpipe.
YoucanenabletheExternalCommandPipeusingtheCLI:
#icinga2featureenablecommand
4）Bydefaultthecommandpipefileisownedbythegroup icingacmd withread/writepermissions.Addyourwebserver'susertothegroup icingacmdtoenablesendingcommandstoIcinga2throughyourwebinterface:
#usermod-a-Gicingacmddaemon
daemon是apache2的运行账户，这里可以是其它用户自定义的账户，请注意查看。
Youcanverifythattheuserhasbeensuccessfullyaddedtothe icingacmdgroupusingthe id command:
$id
gitclonegit:
//git.icinga.org/icingaweb2.git
mvicingaweb2/usr/share/icingaweb2
./bin/icingaclisetupconfigwebserverapache--document-root/usr/local/icingaweb2/public>/usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/icingaweb2.conf
PHPFatalerror:
CalltoundefinedfunctionIcinga\Util\bindtextdomain（）in/usr/local/icingaweb2/library/Icinga/Util/Translator.phponline158
安装gettext,php加载gettext模块
安装php的模块有两种方式：
一、重新编译php，加上--with-gettext
二、动态安装
现在说下第二个动态安装
1、下载同版本的php原包，解压后进入ext目录，目录下便是模块
2、进入gettext目录下执行：
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure--with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
（以上两个命令的路径根据自己系统情况而定）
make
makeinstall
3、在php.ini里添加上gettext.so
extension="gettext.so"
重启php即可
extension=/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/gettext.so
在/usr/local/apache2/conf/http.conf中启用icingaweb2.conf
Includeconf/extra/icingaweb2.conf
5）[root@CentOS7icingaweb2]#groupadd-ricingaweb2
[root@CentOS7icingaweb2]#usermod-a-Gicingaweb2daemon
6）
Use icingacli tocreatetheconfigurationdirectorywhichdefaultsto /etc/icingaweb2:
./bin/icingaclisetupconfigdirectory
Whenusingthewebsetupyouarerequiredtoauthenticateusingatoken.Inordertogenerateatokenusetheicingacli:
./bin/icingaclisetuptokencreate
Incaseyoudonotrememberthetokenyoucanshowitusingthe icingacli:
./bin/icingaclisetup
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