大学英语四级翻译答题技巧及答题步骤.docx
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大学英语四级翻译答题技巧及答题步骤
大学英语四级翻译答题技巧及答题步骤
答题步骤
任何翻译都要经过的三个必不可少的步骤:
一是正确理解;二是确切表达;三是校核。
一般来说,翻译答题需要做到以下几点:
1.找出每道题的考查要点。
首先,考生应该找出出题人想考查的要点,逐步从脑海中提取出相应的信息。
2.整体把握。
学生在做题时必须把汉译英的部分放在整句话中进行整体把握,切忌直接把汉译英部分逐字翻译成英语。
3.检查句子。
给出答案后,考生应把每道题整体审视一下,可采取做改错题的方法审视是否存在语法和用词错误。
另外,需要注意的是,在完成这部分题目时,考生也必须注意避免如字迹潦草、书写不规范、拼写错误等问题。
目前,全国越来越多的四、六级考试阅卷点已经采用电子阅卷,即将主观题试卷扫描后在电脑上进行阅卷。
因此,考生在完成主观题时必须特别注意字迹清晰工整,避免不必要的丢分。
具体来说,包括以下内容
第一步:
首先快速浏览句子,先看英语不看汉语,从而判断划线处所填句子的形式、时态。
所谓形式包括:
1.词组固定搭配(不定式短语、分词短语、动名词、句子等)
2.虚拟
3.被动
所谓时态是指:
根据前后已经给出的英语句子判断所填英语句子的时态。
第二步:
看括号里面的汉语句子,以核心谓语动词为切入点,找准主谓宾、分清定状补。
第三步:
先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补,切块对应翻译,重新组合。
动词注意时态,名词注意单复数
翻译练习:
1.Ihavehadgreatdealoftrouble___________(跟得上班上的其他同学).
2.__________(我们没有人料到主席会出现)attheparty.Wethoughthewasstillinhospital.
3.Agoodmanyproposalswereraisedbythedelegates,_________(正如预料的那样).
4.Mostdoctorsrecognizethatmedicineisasmuch__________(是一门科学,也是一门艺术).
5.Somewomen___________(本来能够挣一份很好的工资)inajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesaleofthefamily.
6.Overathirdofthepopulationwasestimated________(无法获得)tothehealthservice.
7.Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquiteused__________(习惯了学生迟到)hislecture.
8.Thepriceofbeer_________(从50美分到4美元不等)perliterduringthesummerseason.
9.We'dlike_____________(预订一张餐桌)fivefordinnerthisevening.
10.There'samanatthereceptiondeskwhoseemsveryangryandIthinkhemeans________(想找麻烦).
1.keepingupwiththerestoftheclass.
2.noneofusexpectedthechairmantoturnup
3.aswastobeexpected
4.anartasitisascience
5.couldhavemadeagoodsalary.
6.tohavenoaccess
7.tostudents'beinglatefor
8.ranges/variesfrom50centsto$4
9.toreserveatablefor
10.tomaketrouble
11.Itmaybenecessarytostop__________(每隔...时间)inthelearningprocessandgobacktothedifficultpointsinthelessons.
12.Themadmanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllesthe__________(伤害自己).
13.Jeandidnothavetimetogototheconcertlastnightbecauseshewas__________(忙着准备)herexamination.
14.Theship'sgeneratorbrokedownandthepumps___________(不得不用手工操作)insteadofmechanically.
15.Whydidn'tyoutellmeyoucouldmethemoney?
I__________(本来不必从银行借钱的)。
16.BythetimeyougettoNewYork,I________(已经动身去)London.
17.Buyingclothes__________(是一件很耗时的工作),becausethoseclothesthatapersonlikesarerarelytheonesthatfithimorher.
18.It'stime__________(采取措施)aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.
19.WhenIwasveryyoung,Iwasterriblyfrightenedofschool,butIsoon_______(克服了这种心理).
20.Pleasedon'tstandinthekitchen,you're__________(挡路了).
11.atintervals
12.injurehimself
13.busypreparingfor
14.hadtobeoperatedmanually
15.needn'thaveborroweditfromthebank.
16.shallhaveleftfor
17.isoftenaverytime-consumingjob
18.somethingwasdone/somemeasuresweretaken
19.overcameit/gotoverit
20.intheway
21.Therewasaknockatthedoor.Itwasthesecondtimesomeone______(打扰我)thatevening.
22._________(正是由于她太没有经验)thatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.
23.WhenI_________(发现他骗我)Istoppedbuyingthinsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.
24.Themanagerwouldratherhisdaughter_______(不在一个办公室内工作).
25.ThesportsmeetoriginallyduetobeheldlastFriday______(最终因天气不好而取消了).
26.I________(将在做实验)fromthreetofivethisafternoon.
27.Howcloseparentsaretotheirchildren_______(有很强的影响)thecharacterofthechildren.
28.Butforhishelp,I________(我不可能这么早完成).
29.Hisremarksleftme_________(想知道他的真实目的).
30.Markoften________(试图逃脱罚款)wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.
21.hadinterruptedme
22.itisbecausesheistooinexperienced
23.caughthimcheatingme
24.didnotworkinthesameoffice
25.wasfinallycalledoff/cancelledbecauseofthebadweather
26.willbedoing/conductingtheexperiment
27.hasastronginfluenceon
28.wouldnothavefinishedsoearly
29.wonderingabouthisrealpurpose
30.attemptstoescapebeingfined
31.Ifthiscan'tbesettledreasonably,itmaybenecessaryto_______(诉助武力).
32.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it_______(肯定没打扫过).
33.Everybodyknowshe_____(受到了冤枉指控).
34.Hewearsapairofsunglasses________(惟恐被别人认出来).
35.Sheneverdreamsof______(被派到国外).
36.Ifyouwon'tagreetoourplan,________(他们也不会同意).
37.IshouldsayHenryis______(与其说是个作家不如说是)asareporter.
38._____(信不信由你),hisdiscoveryhascreatedastirinscientificcircles.
39.Ifyoudon'tliketoswim,you_____(不妨待在家里).
40.Pleasebecarefulwhenyouaredrinkingcoffeeincaseyou____(弄脏了新地毯).100
31.resorttoforce
32.can'thavebeencleaned
33.waswronglyaccused/charged
34.forfearthatheshouldberecognized
35.beingsentabroad
36.neitherwillthey
37.notsomuchawriter
38.Believeitornot
39.mayjustaswellstayathome
40.stainthenewcarpet
41.Franklyspeaking,I'dratheryou____(不采取任何措施)aboutitforthetimebeing.
42.IntheChinesehousehold,grandparentsandotherrelatives________(起着不可缺少的作用)inraisingchildren.
43.Johnseemsaniceperson,______(即使这样),Idon'ttrusthim.
44.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,________(正在研制)andperfectednow.
45.Whatalovelyparty!
It'sworth________(牢记一生).
46.Thoughyoustayintheseaforweeks,youwillnot_____(失去联系)theoutsideworld.
47.Canceris______(仅次于)heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.
48.Itisapitythatweshouldstayathomewhenwehave_______(这么好的天气).
49.Iwould____(不会诉诸法律)acourtoflawifIhadn'tbeensodesperate.
50.Johncannotaffordtogototheuniversity,_______(更不用说出国了).
51.Idon'tmindyour______(你延期做出决定)thedecisionaslongasitisnottoolate.
52.Isuggestedhe________(使自己适应)hisnewconditions.
53.Ihavenoobjection________(再听听你的故事).
54.Thispopularsportscar_________(正在生产出来)outattherateofathousandaweek.
55.________(请你找张空白纸)andwriteyournameatthetop?
41.didn'tdoanything
42.playindispensableroles
43.Evenso
44.arebeingdeveloped
45.rememberingallmylife
46.losecontactwith
47.secondonlyto
48.suchfineweather
49.haveneverresortedto
50.nottospeakof/nottomention/letalonegoingabroad
51.delayingmaking
52.shouldadapthimselfto
53.tohearingyourstoryagain
54.isnowbeingturned
55.Couldyoutakeablanksheetofpaper?
翻译题目破题通法:
1、精研翻译真题,彻底搞懂每个考点,诸多考点反复重考;
2、背熟四、六级考试核心词组;
3、掌握四、六级翻译核心语法点,如虚拟语气、倒装句、定语从句、状语从句、主语从句等。
例题:
1、BecausesheknewFrench,she(比我们有利).
2、It’simportantthatthelibrarian(确认图书按时归还).
3、Theregulationsdoesn’t(生效)untilthefirstofMarch.
4、Mymotherwantedmeto(从事教育工作).
5、Afterarrivingatyournewuniversity,thefollowingmayassistyouin(减轻文化冲击所带来的紧张感).
1、答案:
hadanadvantageovertherestofus
解析:
1)词组:
haveanadvantageof(比…有利)
2)时态:
根据前半句的knew,此处应使用一般过去时
2、答案:
makesurethebooks(should)bereturnedintime
解析:
1)从句:
主语从句itisimportantthat…
2)虚拟语气:
此处主语从句应使用should+动词原形,should可以省略
3)语态:
此处“按时归还”应使用被动语态bereturned
4)词组:
makesure(确认)
3、答案:
come/gointoeffect
解析:
词组:
come/gointoeffect(生效)
4、答案:
goinforteaching
解析:
词组:
goinfor(从事)
5、答案:
reducingthestrainofculturalshock
解析:
1)动名词:
assistsomebodyindoingsomething
2)词组:
culturalshock(文化冲击)
1.Ihavehadgreatdealoftrouble______________________________.(跟得上班上的其他同学)
2.Idon'tmindyour_____________(你延期做出决定)thedecisionaslongasitisnottoolate.
3.IntheChinesehousehold,grandparentsandotherrelatives_____________(起着不可缺少的作用)inraisingchildren.
4.Markoften____________________________(试图逃脱罚款)wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.
5.WhenI__________________(发现他骗我)Istoppedbuyingthinsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.
答案及解析:
1.keepingupwiththerestoftheclass.
「超级句型」trouble可以用在句型"havetroubledoingsth."做某事有困难"中,这时,trouble可以用difficulty来代替。
「超级短语」keepupwith意为“跟上……”,指并肩前进,并驾齐驱,不至落后、掉队。
catchupwith意为“赶上”,指从后边追上或改变落后状。
;
2.delayingmaking
「超级单词」mind作及物动词,后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing形式、复合结构、从句等。
Delay后接动词时,应该接动词的ing形式。
3.playindispensableroles
「超级短语」playapart/rolein起着……作用,饰演……的角色。
4.attamptstoescapebeingfined
「超级单词」escape后面要接动名词形式。
常与介词from搭配,如Hehasescapedfromthefire.
5.caught/foundhimcheatingme
「超级句型」find/catch+宾语+宾补,如Ifoundhimstandingbytheriver.
1.Isuggestedhe____________________(使自己适应)hisnewconditions.
2.Whatalovelyparty!
It'sworth_________________(牢记一生).
3.Ifyouwon'tagreetoourplan,_____________________(他们也不会同意).
4.Hisremarksleftme____________________________(想知道他的真实目的).
5.Ifyouhad_____________________(听从了我的劝告,你就不会陷入麻烦)
答案及解析:
1.shouldadapthimselfto
「超级句型」suggest作“建议”时,其宾语从句中要用虚拟句型"suggestthatsb.(should)dosth.“结构;从suggest还可以联想到宾语
从句中同样要用虚拟语气的相关动词如:
insist,demand,order,ask,advise等。
「超级短语」adaptoneselfto使自己适应或习惯于,其他搭配:
adaptfrom根据……改写/改编
2.rememberingallmylife
「超级单词」Beworthdoing…/值得做某事,还有说法是worthsth.如:
Heisworththepraise.
3.neitherwillthey
「超级单词」neither表示“两者都不”,表示"也"、"也不"的句子要部分倒装。
如:
Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.
4.wonderingabouthisrealpurpose
「超级单词」leavesbdoing让继续处于某种状态;leavesbtodosth让某人干某事
5.followedmyadvice,youwouldnotbeintroublenow.
「超级句型」虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法
从句:
if+主语+动词的过去式(be用were)+……
主句:
主语+would(should,could,might)+动词原形+……
1.Thoughyoustayintheseaforweeks,youwillnot____________(失去联系)theoutsideworld.
2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,_____________(正在研制)andperfectednow.
3.Howcloseparents