英语作文写作.docx

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英语作文写作.docx

英语作文写作

英语作文写作

怎样才能写出一篇高分作文?

(没有错误的文章就是好文章)

审题透彻,格式正确,语言规范,卷面整洁

1.注意篇章结构,合理布局(三段式)

开始部分(openingparagraph)——说出文中的要点、核心问题。

正文部分(Bodyparagraphs)——围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。

结尾部分(concludingparagraphs)——对全文的总结和概括。

开头段是全文的引言段,既要点题,表明自己的观点,又要为中间正文部分的具体论述做好铺垫。

最好用格言,谚语等开头。

结尾段用一两句含义丰富的话点出全篇的主旨所在,使文章的主题得到升华,与开头段做好呼应。

(2)确定主题句

主题句是对全文的概括,是文章的主旨。

它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。

通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头,而后,全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释,扩展。

写主题句应注意以下几点:

①归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点

②提炼出一句具有概括性的话

③主题句应具有可读性,抓住、吸引读者。

2.动笔前先写提纲(Outline)

专升本教材121页范文为例

练习:

1)以OnInternet为题目trytowriteanoutline

2)以ShoppingOnline为题目trytowriteanoutline

 

EnglishLetterWriting

1.Typeofletters(信的类型)

Englishlettersaregenerallydividedintotwotypes:

a.personalletters个人书信

b.businessletters事务书信

2.Form(格式)

AnEnglishletterusuallyconsistsofsixparts:

heading(信头),insideaddress(收信人地址),salutation(称呼),body(信主体),complimentaryclose(结尾客套语)andsignature(署名).

1)Heading:

Intheupperrighthandcornerofthefirstpage,writeyourfulladdressandthedate.

2)InsideAddress:

Ontheleftside,abovethesalutation,putthenameandfulladdressoftheaddressee.However,thisisoftenomittedinpersonalletters.

3)Salutation:

Thegreetingtotheaddressee,writtenflushwiththeleftmargin,twospacesbelowtheinsideaddress.Acommafollowsthesalutationinapersonalletter;inabusinessletter,itisfollowedbyacolon(:

).Besides,inpersonalletters,firstnamesareusuallyused,whileinbusinessletters,thesurnamesareused.

4)Body:

Thecontentsoftheletter.

5)ComplimentaryClose:

Theclosingofaletter.

Theconventionalcomplimentaryclosesinbusinesslettersare:

“Yourstruly,”“Yourssincerely,”“Sincerelyyours,”“Sincerely,”“Cordiallyyours,”“Yourscordially,”etc.

Thecloseofapersonalletterisofamorefreechoice.“Yours,”Affectionately,“Fondly,”“Yourswithlove,”“Love,”“Withbestwishes,”etc.

6)Signature:

Putyourname(alwayshandwritten).

Thetablebelowwillgiveyouamorevisualpresentationoftheletterform:

3.Language(语言)

Thestyleandtoneofapersonalletter(个人书信的写作风格和笔调)differfromthoseofabusinessletter.Whiletheformeriscasual(随便自然),thelatterisformal(正规).Abusinesslettershouldbepoliteintone(笔调客气),exactandconciseinwording(选词精确、恰当).However,foreitherofthem,thestyleshouldbeclearanddirect(清晰、达意).Also,paragraphsinbusinessletterstendtobeshort.Thefirstandlastparagraphsareusuallysingle-sentenceparagraphs.

随堂练习:

你原计划要回家度暑假。

写一封信告诉家人你现在决定不回去了,并解释原因。

请在30分钟内写完。

1.用高级别单词代替普通单词

因特网很重要TheInternetisveryimportant.

Very变成extremelyimportant变成significant

2.用词组代替单词beofimportance/significance

intheextreme

3.用Itis句型Itiswidelyacknowledgedthat…….

4.用并列aswellasscienceandtechnology

5.巧用连接词使文章有整体性、连贯性

表示罗列增加

First,second,third,

First,then/next,afterthat/next,finally

Foronething…foranother…,

On(the)onehand…ontheotherhand,

Besides/what’smore/inaddition/furthermore/moreover/another/also,

Especially/Inparticular,

表示时间顺序

now,atpresent,recently,

after,afterwards,afterthat,afterawhile,inafewdays,

atfirst,inthebeginning,tobeginwith,

later,next,finally,

immediately,soon,suddenly,allofasudden,atthatmoment,assoonas,themoment

formnowon,fromthenon,

atthesametime,meanwhile,

till,not…until,before,after,when,while,asduring,

表示解释说明

now,inaddition,forexample,forinstance,inthiscase,moreover

furthermore,infact,actually

表示转折关系

but,however,while,though,or,otherwise,onthecontrary,ontheother

hand,incontrast,despite,inspiteof,eventhough,except(for),instead,ofcourse,afterall,

表示并列关系

or,and,also,too,notonly…butalso,aswellas,both…and,either…or,neither…nor

表示因果关系

because,becauseof,since,nowthat,as,thanksto…,dueto…,therefore,asaresult(of),otherwise,so…that,such…that

表示条件关系

as(so)longas,onconditionthat,if,unless

表示让步关系

though,although,as,evenif,eventhough,whether…or…,however,whoever,

whatever,whichever,wherever,whenever,nomatterhow(who,what,which,where,when,whom)

表示举例

forexample,forinstance,suchas…,take…forexample

表示比较

besimilarto,similarly,thesameas,incontrast,comparedwith(to)…justlike,justas,

表示目的

forthisreason,,forthispurpose,sothat,inorderto,soasto,

表示强调

indeed,infact,surely,certainly,nodoubt,withoutanydoubt,truly,

obviously,aboveall,

表示概括归纳

inaword,inshort,inbrief,onthewhole,generallyspeaking,inmyopinion,asfarasIknow,Asweallknow,ashasbeenstated,asIhaveshown,finally,atlast,insummary,inconclusion,

6.掌握常用句型

 1.inorderto

 为了实现他的梦想,他学习非常努力。

 Heworkedveryhardinordertorealizehisdream.

 2.inorderthat

她拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。

Sheworkedhardinorderthateverythingwouldbereadyby6o’clock..

 3.so…that

 他们太累了,除了伸懒腰什么都做不了了。

 Theywereallsotiredthattheycoulddonothingbutyawn.

 4.such…that

 天气非常冷,以致于街上一个人都没有。

 Itwassuchacolddaythattherewasnobodyonthestreet.

 5.wouldratherdo…thando

 他宁愿听他人讲而不愿自己说。

 Hewouldratherlistentoothersthantalkhimself.

 6.preferdoingtodoing

 他宁愿在精心准备后去做报告。

 Heprefersmakingspeechesaftercarefulpreparation.

 7.prefertodo…ratherthando

 比起女人,男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。

Comparedwithwomen,menalwaysprefertosleepathomeratherthanspendsomuchtimeshopping.

 8.notonly…butalso

在短短的三年的时间里她不但完成了所有课程,而且还获得了博士学位。

Injustthreeyears,shehadnotonlyfinishedallthelessons,butalsoreceivedherdoctor’sdegree.

 9.either…or

 如果考试过关,你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。

YoucouldeitherbuyanMP3orgotoYunnanforavisitifyoupasstheexam.

 10.Neither…nor

他是一个无聊的人,既不爱娱乐,也不爱读书。

Heisaboringman.Helikesneitherentertainmentnorreading.

11.aswellas

 他善良又乐于助人。

 Hewaskindaswellashelpful.

 12.…aswell

 这个小孩活泼又可爱。

 Thechildisactiveandfunnyaswell.

 13.One…theother

你看见桌子上有两只笔吗?

一支是红色的,另一支是黑色的。

Haveyouseentwopensonthedesk?

Oneisred,theotherisblack.

 14.Some…others

 每个人都很忙,有些在读书,有些在写作。

 Everyoneisbusyinclassroom.Somearereading,othersarewriting.

 15.make…+adj/n

 我们所做的可以让世界更美丽。

 Whatwedowillmaketheworldmorebeautiful.

 16.not…until

 直到他告诉我发生的事,我才了解真相。

 Ididn’tknowthetruthuntilshetoldmewhathappened.

 17.asif

他夸夸其谈好像什么事都知道。

Hetalksalotasifheknowseverything.

 18.Itisnouse(good)doing…

 假装不懂规则是行不通的。

 It’snousepretendingthatyoudidn’tknowtherules.

 19.findit+adjtodo…

 我觉得作听力时有必要作笔记。

 Ifinditnecessarytotakedownnoteswhilelistening.

20.Itis+timesince…

 我已经有两年没见他了。

 ItistwoyearssinceIlastmethim.

 21.Itis+timewhen…

 我到电影院时已经八点钟了。

 Itwas8o’clockwhenIgottothecinema.

 22.Itis+timebefore…

 不久我们就会再见面的。

 Iwon’tbelongbeforewecanmeetagain.

 23.Itis…that…

 我最珍视的是友谊。

 ItisfriendshipthatIvaluemost.

 24.Itis+n/adj+that/todo…

 每个人都必须懂得如何使用计算机

 Itisamustthateverybodyshouldknowhowtousecompute.

7.学会使用复句

1)Thequestionwassettled.

2)Wewenthome.

两个单句可以通过以下方法将句子拉长,变成复句,使句子流畅。

a)Thequestionwassettledandwewenthome.(并列连词)

b)Afterthequestionwassettled,wewenthome.(从属连词)

c)Wewenthomewiththequestionsettled.(独立主格)

练习:

Mostofthesentencesinthefollowingparagrapharesimpleonesandyoumayfinditboringtoreadthem.Nowtrytocombinesomeofsentencesintocompoundsentences.Don’tstarttoomanysentenceswiththeword“I

 

TheFirstDayICametoCollege

IstillrememberthefirstdaywhenIcametocollege.Itwasasunnyday.Everythingseemedfreshtome.

 

参考例文

PollutionControl

  Therearemanycauseofpollution.Letushavealookatsomeofthem.First,therearesomanycarsinourcities,especiallylargeones.Theygiveoffwaste,sometimesevenpoisonousgases.Second,manyfactories,suchaspapermakingones,lettheirdirtywaterdirectlyflowintoourriversandlakes.Third,farmersusemoreandmorechemicalsandpesticides.So,ourfieldsarepolluted.

  Ofcourse,thesepollutionsareharmfultoourhealth.Somerivershavebecomeundrinkable.Somepollutedfoodorvegetablescancausecancerandifwebreathedirtyairintoourlungs,wemayfallill.

  Now,somegovernmentsaretakingmeasurestosolvethisproblem.Forexample,ourgovernmentismakingapolicytopunishthefactories,whichhavemadetheHuaiRiververydirty.Also,ourgovernmentisreducingthenumberofcarsinBeijing.Ithinkalltheseareverynecessary.Ifweallworkhard,thisproblemcanbesolvedinthefuture.

 

  GlobalShortageofFreshWater

  Manypeoplebelievethatfreshwaterwillneverbeusedup.Theythinkthatfreshwatercomesfromsuchvarietiesofsourcesthatitisalwayssufficientforus.Suchopinionleadstosurprisingwasteofwater.

  Asamatteroffact,theearthisshortoffreshwater.Furthermore,withtherapidgrowthoftheworld’spopulation,therisingdemandofwaterbyindustry,andtheseriouspollutionofoursurroundings,theworldisfacingthedangerofrunningoutoffreshwater.Actually,insomebigcities,freshwatercannotmeetthedailyneeds.

  Therefore,itisuptoustofindnewwaystosavewater.First,weshouldmakethebestuseofwater,andnotwasteit.Second,scientistsmustworkevenhardertopurifyseawater,pollutedwaterandtrytofindsolutionsinindustrytoreducetheuseoffreshwater.

 

  MenandtheEnvironment

  Theworldweliveinisbecomingmoreandmoreintolerablebecauseofenvironmentaldestruction.Forexample,deforestationresultsinunpleasantweather.Inaddition,manisfacedwithproblemsofwaterpollutionandairpollution.

  Manyremedialmeasureshavebeentaken.Plantingtreeshelpsimproveandbeautifytheenvironment.Forbiddingfactoriesfrompouringdirtywaterintorivers

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