中西方神话的比较.docx

中西方神话的比较.docx

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中西方神话的比较

TheculturalcomparisonofAncientChinesemythandtheGreekmythology

ZhangSan

AThesisSubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementfortheDegreeofBAin

English

SouthChinaBusinessCollege

GuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies

April,2011

DECLARATION

Thethesiscontainsnomaterialwhichhasbeenacceptedfortheawardofanyotherdegreeordiplomainanyinstitutionsofhigherlearningandtothebestofmyknowledgeandbelief,thethesiscontainsnomaterialpreviouslypublishedorwrittenbyanotherperson,exceptwhenduereferencesaremadeinthetextofthethesis.

Signature:

ZhangSan张三Date:

April23rd,2011

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Iwouldliketothankanumberofpeoplewhohavehelpedmewithmythesisacademicallyandmentally.

FirstofallIwanttoexpressmygratitudetomysupervisor,___

_____.Intheperiodofmythesispreparation,her/hisprofessionalandpatientinstructionshaveledmeintothefieldofEducation;his/herstrictrequirementshaveenabledmetolearnhowtodoresearchwork;andher/hisbenevolentunderstandingandkindencouragementhavebeensupportingmeallthetime.Iespeciallyappreciateher/hisinsightfulsuggestionsfortheoriginalperspectiveofmythesisaswellthepolishingofthestructureofthethesis.

MysincerethanksgotoallofmyteachersinFacultyofEnglishLanguageandCulture,SouthChinaCollege,GuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies.Withouttheirearnestandcomprehensiveinstructions,whichhavelaidthesolidfoundationinmylearning.Icannothavecompletedthisthesissmoothly.Forthem,Iwillstriketobebetter.

（以上仅供参考，请同学们根据实际情况自行撰写致谢词）

ABSTRACT

Mythisakindofdepositoftheprimitiveculture;itisthespiritheritageofdifferentnationsfromtheprimitiveperiod.Astwogreatresourcesofethicalcultureandaccumulationofethicalspirit,chineseandgreekmythologiesdifferfromeachotherwithdistinctivefeatures.Thisarticlecomparesthemythologyofthemythologyofthetwogreatculturesandexplorestheculturalbackgroundsforthedifferencesintheaspectsliketheimagesofgodandman,theethicalpsychologyandspiritbehindthemythology,etc

Keywords:

ChinesemythologyGreekmythologyculturecomparison

摘要

神话是民族精神最集中最本色的闪光，是民族文化最悠久古老、最顽强健壮的生命之根，也是民族文化的本质特征所在。

神话座位一种辉煌的人类精神文化产品，在其漫长的生成过程中，由于各民族的社会经济条件、历史背景、宗教意识、文化传统和民族审美心理的巨大差异，似的不同的民族神话的具体表现形式呈现出多样性特征。

中国神话和希腊神话历来被视为东西方文化特征的体现，本文试图从中国希腊神话的相似点、差异及产生的文化背景因素等几个角度对中国神话和希腊神话做一个比较。

关键字：

中国神话希腊神话文化背景比较

CONTENTS

1.DefinitionandOriginofMyth.................................................................................6

2.thedifferenceandrelationship...............................................................................7

2.1Thecommonpoints.................................................................................82.2Thedifferentpoints............................................................................................9

3.ThespecialtyofchinesemythsandGreekmyth...................................................10

4.SimilaritiesBetweenChineseMythologyandGreekMythology…………….…...11

4.1GodsandNature---theCreationoftheWorld………………………..……11

4.2GodsandMankind………………………………………………………...12

4.2.1TheOriginofHumanBeings………………………………………….13

5.CauseofDiversities……………………………………………………..………...13

5.1Differenceoftime………………………………………………………...14

5.2Differenceofgeographicalenvironment…………………………………..14

5.3Differencesinstoreandspreadprocess……………………………………14

6.Conclusion………………………………………………………….......................14

7.Bibliography………………………..……………………………………………...15

1.DefinitionandOriginofMyth

Mythisaprecioustreasurethatisinheritedfromourancientancestors.Itistheproductionofthedevelopmentofsocietyandhistory.Studyingmythisgoodforustounderstandhistory.Comparingdifferentnations’mythscanhelpusstudycommoncharacterandspecialtiesofeachnation’sdevelopmentfromeachother.Butinthebeginning,weshouldexplainaquestion.What’sthemyth?

Onlyafterweunderstandit,canweensureourstudykeepinrightdirection.

Theword“mythology”isoriginatedfromGreek.Beforedefiningtheterm"mythology"oneneedstodefinethemeaningoftheword"myth".TheworditselfcomesfromtheGreek"mythos"whichoriginallymeant"speech"or"discourse"butwhichlatercametomean"fable"or"legend".Inthisthesistheword"myth"willbedefinedasastoryofforgottenorvagueorigin,basicallyreligiousorsupernaturalinnature,whichseekstoexplainorrationalizeoneormoreaspectsoftheworldorasociety.

“Mythology”isakindofunrealimagination.Mr.MaoDundefineditas“talesthatprevailedinprimitivesociety.Godswhohadmoreincrediblepowerthanhumanconductedthem.Theyweretransmittedandbelievedbyancientpeoplethoughit’sridiculous”1.Amythisalsodistinctlydifferentfromanallegoryorparablewhichisastorydeliberatelymadeuptoillustratesomemoralpointbutwhichhasneverbeenassumedtobetruebyanyone.Somemythsdescribesomeactualhistoricalevent,buthavebeenembellishedandrefashionedbyvariousstorytellersovertimesothatitisimpossibletotellwhatreallyhappened.Inthislastaspectmythshavealegendaryandhistoricalnature.

Therefore,myth,whichistheprimitivepeople’srecognition,understandingandexplanationaboutobjectiveworld（mainlythenature）withimaginativethinking,isaculturalphenomenon.It’sthereflectionofprimitivepeople’snaturalvalueandsocialvalue.

Anotheraspectiswhattheoriginofmythwasandhowmythwasformed.Wehaveknownthatmythisoriginatedfromprimitivesociety.Itwasprimitivepeople’srecognition,understandingandexplanationaboutobjectiveworld.Inprimitivesociety,humanjustlearnedwalkingandmakingtoolsthatdifferentiatedpeoplefromanimal.Thegreatestprogresswastheyhadlearnedthinking.Atthattime,forpoorproductivityandknowledge,manythingssuchasthunder,lightening,sunriseandsunsetwereoutofthepeople’sabilitytogiveareasonableexplanation.Forfearofthenature,theythoughtthesenaturalphenomenaweredominatedbycertaininvisiblepower.Sotheyembodiedthispower.That’stheformationofsocalled“God”.TheyconsideredthoseGodswhoarecloselyconcernedwiththeirlifeandproductionastheirprotectors.TheycreatedthestoriesofGodstopraise.Eachracelivesindifferentareaswithdifferentkindsofenvironments.Therefore,theshapeandtheirwayofrespectsweredifferent.Asdevelopingofsocietyandincreasingofsocialproductivity,theirlifeandproductionwasgreatlyimproved.However,sometraditionwereremained,theancientmythwasoneofthem.Thepeopleembellishedtheoriginalmythstomakethemmorecolorfulandlegendary.Therefore,mythisnotproducedatcertainperiodbutgraduallyenriched,developedandperfectedasdevelopingofsocietyandhistory.

2．thedifferenceandrelationship

-------------------GreekmythologyandancientChinesemythfromGod'sappearanceandpersonality:

2.1thecommonpoints

ChineseandGreekmythologygivestheuniversepersonalityandwill,reflecttheancestorsofhumanforcefirmbelief.ChinesemythandtheGreekmythologyemphasizestheroleofwomenThesub,Rhea,andHeragoddessNuwatheseinthecreationoftheuniverseintheprocessareplayadecisiverole,thisisthematriarchalclansocietyconditionreflection,isonthewomen'ssocialstatusrecognition.Cansay,acreationofGodgiantportrayedafemaleimage,arehumanbeingsbornwithapairofmaternalattachmentcomplexreflection,isalsofullofhumanaffection.

2.2thedifferentpoints

InGreekmythology,Greekmythologicalgodsaredividedinto"new"and"old"God,theGodoftheirgenerationaftergenerationreproductionandfinallyformedapedigree.ThenewGodandGodhasbeeninthestruggle,thenewgodsgraduallyreplacedtheoldgods.WhileChinesemythologyisnosuchargument,theChineseGodisimmortal,isregardedastheancestorworship.Chineseancestorworshipandworshipareoftenlinkedtogether.Atthispoint,theGreekmythofthephilosophyofChinesemythismoreadvancedthan.

InGreekmythology,theimageofGodiscompletelypersonified."Godisthemostbeautifulperson",onthecontrary,ChinesemythologyistheGoddepictedadultanimalcommunity.

AncientGreekmythologytheGodgrowupwiththefaceandbodythataresimilartoman,whichcanbederivedfromGreekgodsofancienttemple,eventheGodlikePoseidon,Godofthesunallarenoexception.TheGreeksbelievedthat,"Godisthemostbeautifulpeople".Theancientstatuesspreadtomorethantwothousandyearslater,stillexudesthecharmofendless,itshowsthebeautyofhumanbodyisalsoinlinewiththemodernaestheticstandard.Visible,theancientGreekancestor'saesthetictasteisverymodern.ManypeoplemakethemistakeofancientstatueVenusasamodernman'screation,itisprovedthat.ChinesemythologyistheGoddepictedasbodyismadeupofpeopleandanimal.

Forexample,thegodsFubodylikeasnake,theSunGodYanDilonghorns,Godsentthemtoearth,theytendtobemysteriousandauthority.Thisisinfactakindoftotemworship,itsreasonisinastateoftheancestorsofthefearofnature.

GreekmythnotonlyrecordsGod'spower,butalsorecordsGodalsohaspassionanddesire.Chineseancientgodissuperior,honest,serious,ifwegivethemthedesiresofmen,itwillbeconsideredablasphemytothem.Greekmythologyalotoflovestory,nomattermalegod,goddess,allfullofdesire.Zeusfellinlovewiththebeautifulwomanmanytimes,thegoddessorordinarywomanandgavebirthtoalotofZe