外文文献翻译出口及其影响因素研究.docx

外文文献翻译出口及其影响因素研究.docx

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外文文献翻译出口及其影响因素研究

毕设附件外文文献原文及译文文献出处：

EllisP,Theresearchofsmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseexportanditsinfluencingfactors[J].JournalofMarketingResearch,2016,5（3）:

119-130.

原文

Theresearchofsmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseexportanditsinfluencingfactors

EllisP

Abstract

Internationaltradeisacountry'seconomicengine,themoreadvancedthetrade,thenationaleconomyandtheworldeconomyismoredeveloped.Intheprocessofinternationaltradetheorydevelopmentandgraduallybytheregionaldevelopmenttothedomestic,totheworld,internationaltradeisthedevelopmenttrendofinternationalization.Internationaleconomicintegrationandproductionintegrationwillbringnewproblemstothedevelopmentofinternationaltrade-Inaddition,internationaltradeisadvancingwithTheTimes,withthechangeofeconomicstructure,thewayofinternationaltrademustalsogotochangetokeepupwithTheTimesprogressandmeettherequirementsofnationaleconomicdevelopment.Thefocusofscholarsmostlyfocusedonthenationallevelorindustrylevelofinternationaltrade,andalmostnoresearchonsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises（SMES）.Basedonpredecessors'researchresultsoflearningandgeneralization,foundthatmanyfactorscanaffecttheperformanceofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisestoexport,includingenterpriseinternaldifferences,industry,nationalpoliciesandinternationalmarketfactorsfromseveralaspects.

Keywords:

smallandmedium-sizedenterprises;theexportperformance;factorsaffecting

1Introduction

Enterprisemarketsegmentandthehigherthedegreeofdifferentiation,morecanimprovethesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisestoexportperformance,themoresmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesofcapitalizationofR&Dinvestmentfunds,morecanimprovetheexportperformanceoftheenterprise.Thediscretionoftheexportperformanceastheeconomiccyclechangesprecedethecorrespondingchangeoftheeconomiccycle;Soundtohelppromotethebrandconstructionofsmallandmediumsizedenterprise'sexportperformance.Theimplementationofstrategictradepolicycanimprovethecapacitytoearnforeignexchangethroughexportsofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises;Strategictradepolicyimplementationmorerigorous,thelowertheexportperformanceofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,bothchangesintothereverserelationship;Foreigndirectinvestmentcanpromotetheexportperformanceofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,thegreatertheamountofforeigndirectinvestmentinagivenarea,thehigherthesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesintheexportperformance.Worldeconomiccyclewillaffectworldtradecycle;theenterprise'sexportperformancewillchangeaccordingtothechangeoftheeconomiccyclepresentthemoreknowledgeinnovation,intellectualpropertyrights（IPR）protectionpolicythemorespecific,thehighertheexportperformanceofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Themorefrequentlytheinternationalcapitalflow,capitalflow,thethresholdislower,thehighertheexportperformanceofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.

2Literaturereview

Accordingtotheabovementionedcountriestradetolearnbasictheory,therepresentativeofthenewtradetheoryBernardandJasonheterogeneitycanpromotethedevelopmentofeconomy,enterprisesareputforwardinordertoincreasetheexportofacountry'stotaltrade,duetothequalityandquantityofhugedifferencesbetweenenterprises,socompaniesalwayshavethestrategyofhowgoodorbadpoints,anditisthisdifference,leadtothedifferencesofthefactorsofproductionflow,sodriveprofitsalternatedbetweendifferententerprises.Profitdifferencewouldhelpenterpriserestructuring,guidethesocialdevelopment,soastopromoteacountry'sexporttradevolumeincreases.Butabouttheresearchobjectandscopeofvalidationenterpriseheterogeneitymodel,researchframeworkandmethodsandatthestartstage,onlymeritsinthelaterscholarsmadesignificantbreakthroughinthefieldofmodel,otherscholarsareonthebasisofthecontinueddevelopment,theenterpriseheterogeneityofresearchstillneedstoimproveinotherareas,suchasenterpriseheterogeneityshouldnotbekeptisolatedasafactor,butshouldbecombinedwithotheraspectsoftheenterprises,suchasthenationalmacroeconomicpolicy,companiesfacedifficulties,etc.,willbetakenintoaccount,theadvantagesanddisadvantagesinthefurtherperfecttheory.

Inadditiontotheenterpriseheterogeneity,George,Doss,putforwardthetechnologicalinnovationisthenewsituation,themostimportantmeansofenterprisedevelopmentofforeigntrade,tradearoundtheworldareworkingtowards,whichisbasedoninternationalcompetitiveness,technologyinnovationorientedinthedirectionofdevelopment.Twopeoplewithgreatconcentrationformanyyears,collectingdataandintegratingmultiplecompanytogether,inthesameareaonthepremiseofmutualinfluencebetweenrelatedIndustryCompany,endogenousgrowthmodelisestablished.Conclusion:

allcompaniesundertheconditionofagiventechnology,throughtechnologytoimitateeachother,eachotherdifferencesbetweentheproductswillbemoreandsmaller,wouldcreateahomogenous,similarproducts.Onlygoodatcreatingnewtechnology,newmaterialhasacompetitiveadvantage,butundertheconditionofcompleteinformationflow,beforelong,theenterprisewillimitateeachotherbetweennewtechnologiesandinnovativeenterpriseofexcessprofitwillreducegraduallyuntilitdisappeared,onlythosewhoaregoodatinnovation,keepcontinuousinnovationoftheenterprise,canobtainlarger,long-termprofits.

3Relatedtheories

3.1Smallandmedium-sizedenterprises

Thedivisionstandardofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesisnumerous,canfromthepaid-incapital,theenterprisestaffturnoverandaperiodoftimetoclassification,thepurposeofdivisionisprimarilytofacilitatethemanagementandstatistics.Nowcouldbedividedintomediumsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,smallandmicrothreetypes,accordingtospecificstandardenterpriseemployees,operatingincome,totalassets,suchasindicators,combinedwithindustrycharacteristics,basedonstatisticaldepartmentofstatisticstotheenterprisetype.Thecharacteristicsofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesare:

smallsize,flexible

organization.Smallandmedium-sizedenterprisestothemarketpriceinfluenceoftinyandsmallinputcosts,barrierstoentryarelow.Whenthemarketpricechanges,canquicklyadjustmanagementstrategy,bringintoplaythefunctionofautomaticadjustmentmarketpriceregulator.Whenaparticularindustrymarketpriceishigherthantheequilibriumprice,supplyexceedsdemand;alargenumberofenterprisesgatheredintheindustry,rapidincreaseintheindustrytosupply,pricesarefalling.Whiletheindustryisinastateofoversupply,becauseofthelowentrybarriers,enterprisescanquicklyadjustbusinessstrategytomakeendsmeet,orchangetheproductstructure,oradjustthelevelofscienceandtechnology,orexittheindustry,sothatthestockofgoodsintheindustrytomaintaininarelativelybalancedlevel.Therefore,smallandmedium-sizedenterpriseflexibleformsoforganizationandenrichedthetypesofmarketeconomy,andmakesthedynamicofthemarketeconomy.Flat,highefficiencyofmanagement.Smallandmedium-sizedenterprises,familyphenomenonisrelativelyserious,usuallytwolevel3managementsystem.Thegeneralmanagerorestablishdirectcontactwitheachdepartmentinpersonorbyeachdepartmentheadestablishcontactwiththestaff.Theformerischaracterizedbyfewerdepartments,orbytheheadofexecutioninperson,whoistheheadofdepartmentinatimelymannertoorders,bothleadingsituationcanguaranteetheeffectivenessofthetask.Comparedwithlargeenterprisesintheformoflayersoforders,smallandmedium-sizedenterprise'sexecutionhasconsiderableefficiency.Taxcredit,enjoythebenefits.Taxsystemishierarchical,forsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,thetaxdesign,fullyconsiderthecostofdoingbusinessforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,governmentintaxandsoontotakecareof,canitgivepreferential.Inaddition,forsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,butalsoprovideaspecificindustry,

theexporttaxrebatesystem,forsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,especiallysmallandmedium-sizedenterprisewelfareinsurancedevelopment,promotethesustainabledevelopmentofnationaleconomy.

3.2Exportperformance

Exportperformance,referstotheexportofforeigntradeenterpriseprofitability,canuseexportChuangHuiLvmeasure,alsoknownasincrementrateofforeignexchange.Forassessmentoftheeconomicbenefitsoffeedprocessing,calculationmethodbasedonthefinishedproductexportproceedsinforeignexchangenetincomeminuspayforeignexchangeofimportedrawmaterials,calculatethefinishedproductexportstheamountofforeigncurrencyappreciation,namelyChuangHuiE,itcomparedwiththerawmaterialcostofforeignexchange,calculatethepercentage.Inthenormalexportbusinessofdomesticrawmaterial,alsocancalculateChuangHuiLv,commontotherawmaterialsofFOBexportprice（FOB）astherawmaterialcostofforeignexchange.ExportChuangHuiLvisanindicatortomeasurethesizeofforeignexchangeearningprofits,netexportsaccountedforproductexportproportionofthetotalamountofforeignexchangeincome,isarelativeratio.Thenetincreaseexportorreducetheproductioncostaretheeffectivewaystoimprovetheexportperformance.

Factorsaffectingtheperformanceofenterprisestoexportis,infact,thecapacitytoearnforeig