大学英语四级CET4真题.docx

大学英语四级CET4真题.docx

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大学英语四级CET4真题

2011年12月四级真题及答案

PartⅠ Writing               （30minutes）

注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上．

Directions:

You'reallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftime."You'dwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

　　Outlines:

　　1.坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。

　　2.意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命

3.学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才

【标准版】

NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWill

Nothingrunssmoothlyinourlife.Toachievethingssuccessfully,astrongwillisessential.LifeislikeaMarathon.Manypeoplecan’tgettotheterminal.Thisisnotbecausetheyarelackofvitalitybutbecausetheirwillofsuccessisnotstrongenough.

Totakequittingsmokingasanexample,someregarditasapieceofcake.Theymakeuptheirmindstoquititinthemorning,butintheeveningtheyfeelthatthesmellofcigarettesistempting.Theirthroatsaresore,theirmouthsarethirsty,andtheirhandsareshaking.Afterthepainfulmentalstruggle,theytellthemselvesthat“Onecigaretteisenough.Justtakeone,andthenextdayIwillquitit.”Bydoingthis,theysurrendertotheirweakwill.Intheend,theyhavequittedsmoking“ahundredtimes”,butinnotimetheysucceed.

Justlikequittingsmoking,nothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill.Tobesuccessfulinone’slife,astrongwillmeansthatyouknowwhereyougoandyouwillpersistontheroadyouchoose.Undoubtedlysuccessbelongstothosewhoovercometheirweakwillandwhohanginthereuntilthelastminute.

【高分版】

NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWill

Aswehavereadfromabove,quitting-smokingseemseasy,butinrealityitisrarelyachieved.Thereissomethingprovokingandinterestinginthisparadox,justbecausesworddoesnotwearthestoneasdrippingwaterdoes.

Theabilitytodosomethingoverandoveragaininashorttimemayimplyitseasiness,butinalongrun,alifetimemaybe,thingsturnouttobequitetheopposite.Also,asisoftenthecase,onemayhaveobtainedallthetoolsandopportunitiestoachievesomething,butintheendtheystillfailduetothewillshortage.

Sohowcouldweavoidthedilemma?

Hereistheprimeconditionofsuccess:

willandperseverance.Concentrateyouenergy,thoughtandmindexclusivelyonthebusinessinwhichyouareengaged,hangoninthereandbepatient,for,asEmersonputit,noonecancheatyououtofyourultimatesuccessbutyourself.

PartⅡ（15minutes）

ReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）

　　Directions:

 Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentencewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

WhyIntegrityMatters

　　WhatIsIntegrity?

　　Thekeytointegrityisconsistency-notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself（honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness）butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachandeveryday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyandfollowsmoralandethical（道德上的）standardsevenwhenmakinglife'shardchoices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,ortemptation.

　　Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandards?

Wefeeldisappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapse（缺失）ofintegrityalsoaffectsourrelationshipswithothers.Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?

Thusintegritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.

　　RiskyBusiness

　　Weareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision,makingprocesshasbeenunderminedbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromourmistake,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedidandthenexploringwaystoavoidsimilarproblemsinthefuture.

　　Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'tseetheriskswe'retaking,wecan'tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn'tknowtherulesaaboutplagiarism（剽窃）mayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercreditoronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesasrequired.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis"unintentional"doesnotexcusethemisconduct,Ignoranceisnotadefense.

　　"ButEverybodyDoesIt"

　　Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfactsbutmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey'retakingbyusingexcuses:

"Everyoneelsedoesit.""I'mnothurtinganyone",or"Ireallyneedthisgrade."Excusescangetveryelaborate:

"IknowI'mlookatanother'sexam,eventhoughI'msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat'snotcheatingbecauseI’mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying."Wemustbehonestaboutouractionsandavoidexcuses,ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe'renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan'tseetherealchoicewe'remaking-andthatleadstobaddecisions.

     Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:

Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublicandanyonecouldbewatchingoveryoreshoulder.Ifyou'dratherhideyouractions,that'sanindicationthatyou'retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.

 EvaluatingRisks

    Todecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,inthefutureaswellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersaswellastoyourself.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmolatebenefitsandsimplyhaven'tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.Theconsequencesofgettingcaughtareseriousandmayincludea"O"onatestorassignment,an"F"intheclass,suspension（暂令停学）ordismissalfromschoolandaruinedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaroleorlaw,youlosecontroloveryourlifeandgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishmentthatyouhavenocontrolover.Thisisanextremelyvulnerable（脆弱的）position.Theremaybesomemattersoflifeanddeathorhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucharisk,buttherearen'tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.

GettingAwaywithit-OrNot

    Thosewhodon'tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn'tlearnfromthetest,whichdeprives（剥夺）himherofaneducation.Cheatingunderminesconfidenceandindependence:

thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthatwithoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-respectandintegrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guiltyandafraidofgettingcaught.

Worstofall,acheaterwhodoesn'tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,notonlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseems"easier."Thisslipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworsetheconsequences.

 CheatingHurtsOther,Too

    Cheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractions"don'tcount"anddon'treallyhurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveanintensecumulative（累积的）effect.Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease.Recentstatisticssuggest30％ormoreofcollegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers'grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheating"poisons"theclassroom,andothersmayfeelpressuredtojoinin.（"IfIdon'tcheatIcan'tcompetewiththosewhodo"）Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgoofteachingisseeingstudentslearn.Butacheatersays."I'mnotinterestedinwhatyou'retryingtoteach,allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers."Theendresultisadestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheuniversityandharmthosewhoworkedhardfortheirdegree.

 WhyIntegrityMarten

    Ifcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofothers,ifnot,wecouldn'tputmoneyinthebank,buyfood,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,gotothedentist--thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthatiscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,ofcourse,Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakeatremendoustollonournation'seconomyandourindividualwell-being.Forexample,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailabletoreducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.

Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andoursociety.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinordertobuildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.

1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______.

A）stickstothemintheirdailylife

B）makesthemknowntoothers

C）understandstheirtruevalues

D）seesthatothersalsofollowthem

2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?

A）Ithelpstocreateteamspirit

B）Itfacilitatescommunication

C）Itisthebasisofmutualtrust

D）Itinspiresmutualrespect

3.whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake？

A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.

B.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress.

C.sothatwedon’tbreakanyrules.

D.sothatwedon’truninto