初中英语否定词的运用教案无答案语文.docx

初中英语否定词的运用教案无答案语文.docx

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初中英语否定词的运用教案无答案语文

1对1辅导教案

学生姓名

学校

年级

学科

英语

授课教师

时间

学科组长

教学课题

否定

教学目标

知识目标:

理解掌握否定

能力目标:

理解和灵活使用否定

教学重点难点

重点:

否定的灵活使用

难点:

否定的应用

教学过程

1.复习/预习---课前沟通

2.新课讲授---否定的使用

3.习题训练---相应的单选和填空题练习

4.习题讲解---相应的单选和填空题讲解

5.知识点小结---否定的用法

一.课前衔接

在初中中考改革之后,把完成句子这个题目剔除出中考题型之后,大家对于否定词的漠视达到匪夷所思的地步。

然而,事实上否定词大量地存在于单选,完成句子和阅读之中,作为理解要求的部分

2．同步教学内容

初中英语否定句用法归纳

一.作否定句

1.对be动词的否定

后面加not

Heisnotastudent.

2.对谓语动词的否定

前面加助动词don't,doesn't,didn't

Hedidn'twatchTVlastnight.

3.对助动词的否定

在后面加上not

HehasnotbeentoShanghaibefore.

4.对情态动词的否定

在后面加上not

can/could

cannot/couldnot

can't/couldn't

may/dare

may/darenot

must/need/should/will/would

must/need/should/will/wouldnot

mustn't/needn't/shouldn't/won't...

oughtto

oughtnotto

oughtn'tto

5.对need,dare的否定

还可以用作普通的行为动词

don'tneedto/don'tdareto

6.对has/have/had的否定

完成时中为助动词,后面加上not

hasn't/haven't

不是用作助动词构成完成时

don't/doesn't/didn'thave

7.不定式的否定

在前面加上not

ask/tell/…sbnottodosth

8.动名词的否定

在前面加上not

worryaboutnotdoing

9.祈使句的否定

在句首加上Don't。

如有please,在please后面加上don't

Pleasedon'ttalkinclass.

各种时态肯定句变否定句变化形式

肯定句

否定句

一般现在时

Helikesapples.

Hedoesn'tlikeapples.

一般过去时

HewatchedTVlastnight.

Hedidn'twatchTVlastnight.

一般将来时

Hewillgohomebybus.

Hewillnot/won'tgohomebybus.

现在进行时

Heislisteningtotheradio.

Heisnotlisteningtotheradio.

现在完成时

Hehasfinishedhishomework.

Hehasnotfinishedhishomework.

过去进行时

Hewasdoinghomeworkatthattime

Hewasnotdoinghishomework.

过去完成时

Hesaidhehadfinishedhomework.

Hesaidhehadnotfinishedwork.

过去将来时

HesaidhewouldgotoShanghai.

HesaidhewouldnotgotoShanghai.

?

特别提醒:

肯定句变否定句

some---any

and---or

too---either

already---yet

二.通过绝对否定词否定。

此类词如下:

never,no,noone,nobody,nothing,nowhere,none,neither,neither…nor…,nomore,nolonger。

如:

1.Nothingisdifficultforhim.

2.Maryneverhasbeef.

3.Neitheransweriscorrect.

1.-WhatdoesJustinBieber'ssongNeverSayNeverimpressyoumost?

-Ittellsusthatwe_______doalmostanythingifwenevergiveup.

A.canB.havetoC.shouldD.need

2.________canhelphimout.Hemustdoitbyhimself.

A.AnybodyB.SomebodyC.EverybodyD.Nobody

3.Icouldspeak______French______Chinese,butluckilyIcouldtalkwiththeminEnglish.

A.both...and...B.either...or...C.neither...nor...D.notonly...butalso

5.---A:

Mymotherdoesn'tlikegoingshoppinginHongkongatall.---B:

Well,shoppingthereisn'tlikedby____.

A.anyoneB.nobodyC.everybodyD.somebody

6.Jackcouldn'tspelltheword.Icouldn't,________.

A.tooB.aswellC.nobodyD.either

7.-Howmanysheepdidyouseeonthehill?

-Sorry,________.

A.neitherB.nowhereC.nobodyD.none

8.LittleTimmydidn'ttellthissecret（秘密）to____.

A.somebodyB.everythingC.nobodyD.anybody

9.-Whenshallwesendthewashingmachinetoyou,Mr.Read?

-____onThursday____onFridayisOK.I'llbeathome.

A.both...and...B.either...or...C.neither...nor...D.notonly...butalso

10.-Howdoyoulikethetwopairsofshoes?

-Theydon'tfitmewell.Theyare_______toobig_______toosmall.

A.both...and...B.either...or...C.neither...nor...D.notonly...butalso

11.Sometimes______turnsoffthelightsintheclassroombecauseeverybodythinkssomebodywilldoit.

A.anybody      B.somebody     C.nobody      D.everybody

12.-We'vegoteverythingreadyforthepicnic.-DoyoumeanI_____bringanythingwithme?

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.couldn'tD.needn't

Youneedtorememberanoldsaying,"Treatothershowyouwanttobetreated".Ifyoutoleratesomething,itdoesnotmeanthatyouhavetolikeit.Nooneisaskingyoutochangewhoyouareorwhatyoubelievein.Tolerancejustmeansthatyoushouldrespectthedifferencesinothersandnottrytomakethemchange.

1.Whatistoleranceaccordingtothepassage?

A.Acceptpeopleastheyare.B.Believeyouarealwaysright.

C.Expecteverybodytobethesame.D.Changeyourselftopleaseotherpeople.

Locustsaresuperdeliciousfoodforbirds,butitisnotalwaysaneasyjobforbirdstocatchthem.Itisneitherbecauselocustsaregoodjumpersorrunnersnorbecausetheyaresmarterthantheirenemies.Thereasonisthatthecolorsoflocustschangewiththecolorsofcrops（庄稼）.Whencropsareyoung,locustslookgreen.Butwhenautumncomes,locustschangetotheyellowandbrowncolorascropsdo.

2.Itisnoteasyforbirdstocatchlocustsbecause________.

A.locustsaregoodrunnersB.locustscanjumphighC.locustsaresmarterthanbirdsD.locustscanchangetheircolor

?

特别提醒:

1.绝对否定词no相当于not…any…,如no=notany,never=notever,nothing=notanything,nowhere=notanywhere

如:

Ihavenomoney.=Idon'thaveanymoney./Icouldseenothinginthedark.=Icouldn'tseeanythinginthedark.

2.Neither…nor…连接句子的主语,谓语动词需用“就近原则”:

NeitherhenorIknowthesecret.

NeitherLipingnorI_______abasketballplayer.

A.amB.isC.beD.are

三.不完全否定词否定little,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,barelyscarcely。

不完全否定句含有等不完全否定词。

它们都含有“几乎没有”的意思,都属于否定句:

Icouldhardlyhearwhathesaid./Thereislittlewaterinthebottle,isn'tthere?

1.Hebought_______bookswith_______money.

A.afew;alittleB.abit;alittleC.afew;abitD.alittle;afew

2.-Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?

-No,thanks.I______drinkcoffee.Coffeeisbadformystomach.

A.usuallyB.especiallyC.hardlyD.suddenly

3.Theearthisourhome.Ihopetherewillbemoretreesand____pollution.

A.moreB.fewC.lessD.fewer

4.Bobknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.I'msurehecandotheworkwith_____moneyand______people.

A.less;lessB.fewer;moreC.more;fewerD.less;fewer

5.Johnlikesstayingathome.He_______goesoutonweekends.

A.seldomB.alwaysC.usuallyD.often

6.--Ican___believemyeyes.Youareworkingso____now.butIrememberyoudidn'tuseto. 

--Peoplesurechange.Ihaveadreamofstudyingabroad, ____English-speakingcountries.

A.hard,hard,speciallyB.hardly,hard, especiallyC.hard,hardly,speciallyD.hardly,hardly,specially

7.Canyoureadthispassage?

-Sure,thereare______newwordsinit.

A.afewB.fewC.manyD.little

8.Passtheglassestome,Jack.Ican________readthewordsinthenewspaper.

A.hardlyB.reallyC.clearlyD.seldom

TherearefewthingsmoredangerousthancrossingtheArctic（北极圈）onfoot.Peoplewhostayedtheremayfacemanyproblems:

verycoldtemperatures,suddenstorms,andevenhunger.Mostoftheareaisuninhabited.Fewpeoplecanliveinsuchadifficultplace.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"uninhabited"probablymeaninChinese?

A.气候恶劣的B.充满危险的C.困难重重的D.无人居住的

InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.TheumbrellawasincommonuseinancientGreece,butitisbelievedthatthefirstpeopleinEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainsttherainweretheancientRomans.DuringthemiddleagesinEurope,theuseoftheumbrellaalmostdisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitbecameasymbolofpower.

Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythattheumbrellasforwomenbegantobemadeinallkindsofcolors.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.TheancientGreeksusedtheumbrellaintheirdailylife.

B.Europeanshardlyusedtheumbrelladuringthemiddleages.

C.Theumbrellasforwomenweremadecolorfulinancienttimes.

D.Thestyleoftheumbrellahasn'tchangedalotsinceitwasinvented

Acollegeteacherinvitedtwobusinessmentodinnerathishome.Oneofthetwomenneverwenttoschoolwhenhewasyoung,andwasworriedthathecouldn'tanswerothermen'squestionscorrectly.Buthisfriendsaid,"Don'tworry,Tom.JustdowhatIdo,anddon'ttalkaboutanythingifyoudon'tunderstandit."

Everythingwentonquitewell,butattheendoftheevening,Tomhadalotofdrink,andbegantogetcareless.

OneoftheguestsaskedhimifhelikedEdison,andTomanswered,"It'spleasant,butIlikeScotch（威士忌酒）better."Alltheguestsintheroomkeptquietforamoment,andsoontheybegantolaugh.

Whenthetwomenwereoutofthehouse,thefriendsaidtoTom"YoucertainlymadeyourselfafoolbecauseyoutoldEdisonfoolishly."

"Whatdoyoumean?

"Tomaskedtheotherman."Whatwaswrongwithit?

"

"WeallknowthatEdisonisn'takindofdrink,"hisfriendanswered."It'sakindofmusic."

1.WhywasTomworriedwhenacollegeteacherinvitedhimtodinner?

A.Becausehedidn'thaveenoughmoneytobuyapresentB.Becausehewasafraidtomeetstrangers

C.BecausehethoughthehadlittleknowledgeD.Becausehedidn'tlikethecollegeteacher

2.WhendidTomgetcarelessduringthedinner?

A.WhenhewasfullB.BeforethedinnerC.AfterthedinnerD.Afterhehadalotofdrink

3.WhoaskedTomifhelikedEdison?

A.HisfriendB.thecollegeteacherC.ScotchD.Oneguest

4.DidTom'sfriendknowaboutEdison?

A.No,hedidB.No,hedidn'tC.Yes,hedidD.Yes,hedidn't

?

特别提醒:

little,few,hardly,seldom和前面的never合在一起就是我们常说的“五大否定词”。

如:

Hecanhardlyswim,canhe?

/ShehasneverbeentoShanghai,hasshe?

?

特别提醒:

该考点为高中内容,仅作参考,在完全否定句和不完全否定句中,表示完全否定的副词和表示不完全否定的副词如果置于句首,一般都要半倒装。

如:

NeverhaveIthoughtofsuchastrangeidea./RarelyhaveIseensuchawonderfulsight.

四.英语否定的另一个常见表达方式就是用否定词缀,包括否定前缀和否定后缀。

但它们并不构成

否定句,全句仍是肯定句,只是否定形式的肯定句:

Heisunhappy./Sheisdishonest.

1.Don'tget_________（patient）aboutyourpersonaltrouble.（08无锡）

2.Heseemed__________（friendly）atfirst,butnowI'vegottoknowhimandIrealizehe'swarmandkind.（08徐州）

3.Ifsomeonedoesn'tshowgoodmanner