专升本翻译复习重要材料.docx

专升本翻译复习重要材料.docx

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专升本翻译复习重要材料

细节判断题

考察形式：

细节判断题题干常见的问句形式多种多样。

如：

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredas…?

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthereasonsfor…?

Howmany……？

What/who/when/where/how/why……?

考点：

时间、地点、任务、数字、原因、结果、目的等

解题技巧：

1速读把握文章中心2寻读确定细节：

三对一错或者三错一对。

若为长难句则要会分析

难点：

偷梁换柱，张冠李戴

随堂练习：

Passage1

Thedaysofelderlywomendoingnothingbutcookinghugemealsonholidaysaregone.EntertheRedHatSociety－agroupholdingthebeliefthatoldladiesshouldhavefun.“Mygrandmothersdidn’tdoanythingbutkeephouseandserveeverybody.Theywereprogrammedtodothat,”saidEmilyComette,headofachapterofthe7-year-oldRedHatSociety.

Whilemenhavelongspenttheirtimefishingandplayinggolf,womenhavesometimesseemedtobecomeunnoticedastheyage.Butthegenerationnowturning50isthebabyboomers（生育高峰期出生的人）,andthesamepeoplewhorefusedtheirparents’wayofbeingyoungarenowtryinganewwayofgrowingold.

Ifyoutakeintoconsiderationfeminism（女权主义）,abitofsparemoney,andbetterhealthformostelderly,theRedHatSocietylooksalmostinevitable.Inthissociety,womenover50wearredhatsandpurpleclothes,whilethewomenunder50wearpinkhatsandlightpurpleclothing.

“TheorganizationtooktheideafromapoembyJennyJosephthatbegins:

WhenIamanoldwoman,Ishallwearpurple.Witharedhatwhichdoesn’tgo.”saidEllenCooper,whofoundedtheRedHatSocietyin1998.Whentheladiesstartedtoweartheredhats,theyattractedlotsofattention.

“Thepointofthisisthatweneedarestfromalwaysdoingsomethingforsomeoneelse,”Coopersaid.“Womenfeelsoashamedandsorrywhentheydosomethingforthemselves.”Thisiswhychaptersarediscouragedfromraisingmoneyordoinganythinguseful.“We’realadies’playgroup.Itcouldn’tbesimpler,”addedCooper’sassistantJoeHeywood.

1．WhosetuptheRedHatSociety?

 A．EmilyComette. B．EllenCooper. C．JennyJoseph. D．JoeHeywood.

2．WomenjointheRedHatSocietybecause_______.

Womenwhojointhesocietycan________.

 A．theywanttostayyoung  B．theywouldliketoappearmoreattractive

 C．theywouldliketohavefunandliveforthemselves D．theywanttobemoreliketheirparents

Passage2

PaulZindel’sdeathonMarch27,2003endedthebrilliantlifeofafamouswriter.NotonlydidPaulZindelwinaPulitzerPrizeaswellasanObiePrizeforhis1970play---TheEffectofGammaRaysonMan-in-the-MoonMarigolds,buthewasoneoftheearliestwritersinthefieldofcontemporaryliteratureforyoungadults.ThePigman,publishedin1968,isstilloneofthemostwell-knownandwidely-taughtnovelsinthegenre.TheAmericanLibraryAssociationhasnameditoneofthe100BestoftheBestBooksforYoungAdultspublishedbetween1967and1992,andZindel’sautobiography,ThePigmanandMe,wasamongthe100BestoftheBestBookspublishedforteenagersduringthelastpartofthetwentiethcentury.SixofZindel’sbooks,infact,havebeenvotedtheBestBooksforYoungAdults,andmostofhisrecenthorrorbooks-suchasTheDoomStoneandRatshavebeenchosenasQuickPicksforReluctantYoungAdultReaders.Clearly,hewasawriterwhoknewhowtointerestcontemporarychildren.Recognizingthat,theAmericanLibraryAssociationin2002honoredPaulZindelwiththeMargaretA.EdwardsPrizeforhislifetimeachievements,andlaterthatsameyearhewaspresentedwiththeALANPrizeforhiscontributionstoYoungAdultLiterature.Withhispassing,youngreaders,teachers,andlibrarianshavelostagreatfriend.

1．WhichofPaulZindel’sbookswasthemostpopularwithyoungadultsinthe20thcentury?

 A．ThePigman.B．TheDoomStone.

 C．ThePigmanandMe.D．TheEffectofGammaRaysonMan-in-the-MoonMarigolds.

2．WhywasPaulZindelhonoredwiththeMargaretA.EdwardsPrize?

 A．Hisbookswerewidelyreadbychildren. B．Hisbookswereinterestingandhelpfultoadults.

 C．Hemadegreatcontributionstocontemporaryliterature. D．Hewroteanumberofhorrorbooksforyoungadults.

3．WhendidPaulZindelwintheALANPrize?

 A．In2002．  B．In2003． C．Between1967and1992． D．Between2002and2003．

4．Choosethecorrectstatementsfromthefollowingaccordingtothepassage.

 a.ThePigmanandMewasoneoftheBestBooksforteenagers.

 b.Zindelwasoneoftheearliestwriterswhowroteforadultsonly.

 c.TheDoomStoneandRatsarenotpopularwithyoungadults.

 d.Zindelwasgivenfourprizesforliteraturebeforehedied.

 e.AtleasteightofZindel’sbookswereverypopularinhistimes.

 A．c,d,e B．a,b,c C．a,b,d D．a,d,e

Passage3

IreallylovemyjobbecauseIenjoyworkingwithsmallchildrenandlikethechallengesandawardsfromthejob.Ialsothinkmyworkisimportant.TherewasatimewhenIthoughtIwouldneverhavethatsortofcareer（职业）.

Iwasn’tanexcellentstudentbecauseIdidn’tdomuchschoolwork.InmyfinaltermIstartedthinkingwhatImightdoandfoundIdidn’thavemuchtooffer.IjustacceptedthatIwasn’tthetypetohaveacareer.

Ithenfoundmyselfajob.Lookingaftertwolittlegirls,Itwasn’ttoobadatfirst.ButtheproblemsbeganwhenIagreedtolivein,sothatIwouldbethereifmybosshadtogooutforbusinessintheevening.WeagreedthatifIhadtoworkextrahoursoneweek,she’dgivemetimeoffthenext.Butunfortunately,itdidn’toftenworkout.Iwasgettingextremelytiredandfedup,becauseIhadtoomanylatenightsandearlymorningswiththechildren.

OneSunday,Iwasintheparkwiththechildren,andmetMeganwhousedtogotoschoolwithme,Itoldheraboutmysituation.ShesuggestedthatIshoulddoacourseandgetaqualification（资格证书）ifIwantedtoworkwithchildren.Ididn’tthinkIwouldbeacceptedbecauseIdidn’ttakemanyexamsinschool.Shepersuadedmetophonethelocalcollegeandtheywerereallyhelpful.MyexperiencecountedforalotandIgotonapart–timecourse.Ihadtoleavemyjobwiththefamily,andgotworkhelpingoutatakindergarten.

NowI’vegotafull–timejobthere.IshallalwaysbethankfultoMegan.IwishIhadknownearlierthatyoucouldhaveacareer,evenifyouaren’ttopoftheclassatschool.

1．Whatistheauthor’spresentjob?

 A．Workingpart–timeinacollege. 

B．Takingcareofchildrenforafamily.

 C．Helpingchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.

 D．Lookingafterchildrenatakindergarten.

2．Whenstayingwiththetwogirls’family,theauthor      .

 A．waspaidforextrawork B．oftenworkedlonghours

 C．gotmuchhelpfromherboss D．tookadayoffeveryotherweek

3．Whydidtheauthorleaveherfirstjob?

 A．Shefoundafull–timejob.B．Shewasfedupwithchildren.

 C．Shedecidedtoattendapart–timecourse. D．Sheneededarestafterworkingextrahours.

主旨大意题

考察形式：

mainidea;title;purpose

考点：

判断文章主旨大意

解题技巧：

1主题句在段首：

演绎。

主题句+细节。

在议论文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式

在主题句后面有明显的引出细节的信号词。

常见的信号词有forexample，anexampleof，themostimportantexampleof；first，second，next，last，finally；tobeginwith，also，besidesthat；one；theother，some，others。

Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Theworldpopulationisrisingsoquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametimewearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.Ifwecontinuetodothis,humanlifeonearthwillnotsurvive.

Peoplehavedifferenttastesinfood.Somefeelthattheyhaven'teatenamealunlesstheyhavehadsteakorotherredmeat.Somepreferchickenorfishandeatoneortheotherateverymeal.Othersprefervegetablesandfruitsorgrainsandwouldenjoyamealofspaghetti,eggplant,andfreshfruit.Otherscouldliveonwhatwerecalledfast--foods:

ahamburgerorhotdog,Frenchfriesandasoftdrink.

　　Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaoftheparagraph?

　　A.Somepeoplelikesteakandothersredmeat.

　　B.Vegetablesareveryhealthyforyou.

　　C.Howfoodispreparedhasalottodowithhowwellapersonmaylikeit.

　　D.Differentpeoplehavedifferenttastesinfood.

2主题句在段尾：

归纳。

如果第一句话不是概括性的或综合性的话，最好快速读一读段落的最后一个句子，看看它是否具备主题句的特征：

如果它具备主题句的特征，短文的主题思想就很容易确定了。

在做阅读理解试题时，要充分利用引出结论的信号词，如clearly，plainly；so，therefore，thus，consequently；Inconclusion，inshort等来确定主题句的位置在段尾。

当无明显的此类信号同时，可添加一个引出结论的信号词以确定主题句是否是段落的最后一句话。

例1AmericansmightbeembarrassedbecausetheirJapanesefriendsaresoformalwiththem.JapanesemightfeelinsultedbecauseAmericanacquaintancesgreetthemcasually.Still,theformsofgreetinginbothcountriesonlyshowrespectforothers.ItjusthappensthatAmericansandJapanesehaveadifferentwayoflookingathumanrelationshipsandthushaveadifferentwayofshowingrespect.

　　Thispassagemainlytellsus_________.

　　A.howAmericansshowrespecttoothers

　　B.howJapaneseshowrespecttotheirAmericanacquaintances

　　C.AmericansandJapanesehavedifferentwaysofshowingrespect

　　D.JapanesearenotsatisfiedwithAmericancasualbehavior

例2Ahumanbodyappearstoberathersoftanddelicate,comparedwiththatofawildanimal,butitisactuallysurprisinglystrong.Indeed,itsverysoftnessandloosenessisanadvantage;itmakesmangoodatmovingaboutmovementofalllivingthingsofhisownsize,becausehecandosomanydifferentthingswithhislimbs.Man’sgamesshowhowhecancontrolhisownbody.Nootherlandcreaturecanswimasskillfullyasman;morehassuchvariedgrace;veryfewlivesaslongashe;noneissostronginitsnaturalresistancetodisease.Thereforemanhasagreatadvanta