英国文学史及选读复习要点总结.docx

英国文学史及选读复习要点总结.docx

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英国文学史及选读复习要点总结

《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点

1.Beowulf:

nationalepicoftheEnglishpeople;Denmarkstory;alliteration,metaphorsandunderstatements（此处可能会有填空，选择等小题）

2.Romance（名词解释）

3.“SirGawainandtheGreenKnight”:

afamousromanaboutKingArthur’sstory

4.Ballad（名词解释）

5.CharacterofRobinHood

6.GeoffreyChaucer:

founderofEnglishpoetry;TheCanterburyTales（maincontents;124storiesplanned,only24finished;writteninMiddleEnglish;significance;form:

heroiccouplet）

7.Heroiccouplet（名词解释）8.Renaissance（名词解释）9.ThomasMore——Utopia

10.Sonnet（名词解释）11.Blankverse（名词解释）12.EdmundSpenser“TheFaerieQueene”

13.FrancisBacon“essays”esp.“OfStudies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读）

14.WilliamShakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。

他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。

（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读）

15.JohnMilton三大史诗非常重要，特别是ParadiseLost和SamsonAgonistes。

对于ParadiseLost需要知道它是blankverse写成的，故事情节来自OldTestament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。

16.JohnBunyan——ThePilgrim’sProgress

17.FounderoftheMetaphysicalschool——JohnDonne;featuresoftheschool:

philosophicalpoems,complexrhythmsandstrangeimages.

18.Enlightenment（名词解释）

19.Neoclassicism（名词解释）

20.RichardSteele——“TheTatler”

21.JosephAddison——“TheSpectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。

22.Steel’sandAddison’sstylesandtheircontributions

23.AlexanderPope:

“EssayonCriticism”,“EssayonMan”,“TheRapeofLock”,“TheDunciad”;hisworkmanship（features）andlimitations

24.JonathanSwift:

“Gulliver’sTravels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象;（我们主要讲了三个地方）“AModestProposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony也就是反讽手法。

25.Theriseandgrowthoftherealisticnovelisthemostprominentachievementof18thcenturyEnglishliterature.

26.DanielDefoe:

“RobinsonCrusoe”,“MollFlanders”,当然是RobinsonCrusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，RobinsonCrusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。

另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunnerofEnglishrealisticnovel。

27.SamuelRichardson——“Pamela”（firstepistolarynovel）,“ClarissaHarlowe”,“SirCharlesGrandison”

28.HenryFielding:

“JosephAndrews”,“JonathanWild”,“TomJones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。

他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为fatheroftheEnglishnovel.

29.LaurenceSterne——“TristramShandy”项狄传

30.RichardSheridan——“TheSchoolforScandal”

31.OliverGoldsmith——“TheTraveller”（poem）,“TheDesertedVillage”（poem）（bothtwopoemswerewrittenbyheroiccouplet）,“TheVicarofWakefield”（novel）,“TheGood-NaturedMan”（comedy）,“ShestoopstoConquer”（comedy）,“TheCitizenoftheWorld”（collectionofessays）

32.Sentimentalism（名词解释）

33.ThomasGray——“ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard”（英国诗歌里非常著名的一首，曾经被誉为“有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首”）（arepresentativeofsentimentalismandgraveyardschoolofpoets墓园派诗人）

*GraveyardSchool/Poets”:

Atermappliedtoeighteenth-centurypoetswhowrotemeditativepoems,usuallysetinagraveyard,onthethemeofhumanmortality,inmoodswhichrangefromelegiacpensivenesstoprofoundgloom.ThevogueresultedinoneofthemostwidelyknownEnglishpoems,ThomasGray’s“Elegywritteninacountrychurchyard”.ThewritingofgraveyardpoemsspreadfromEnglandtoContinentalliteratureinthesecondpartofthecenturyandalsoinfluencedsomeAmericanpoets.

34.Inthelatterhalfofthe18thcentury,Pre-Romanticism;representative:

WilliamBlakeandRobertBurns.

35.ThomasPercy——“ReliquesofAncientEnglishpoetry”许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集和整理起来的，这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。

36.WilliamBlake比较重要，需要对主要作品有所了解，特别是SongsofInnocence和SongsofExperience,这两本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的写作特点也要注意，比如语言的简单明了，神秘主义氛围等。

37.RobertBurns伟大的苏格兰民族诗人,ARedRedRose,ScotsWhaHae,AuldLangSyne等名诗，写作特点:

Scottishdialect;apoetofpeasantandScottishpeople;plainlanguage;influencefromScottishfolksongsandballads;musicalqualityofhispoems.

《英国文学史及选读》第二册练习题

I.浪漫主义时期

I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementandputtheletterinthebrackets.

1.EnglishRomanticismisgenerallysaidtohavebegunwith__A_in1798.

A.thepublicationofLyricalBallads

B.thedeathofSirScott

C.thebirthofWilliamWordsworth

D.thepassageofthefirstReformBillintheParliament

2.TheRomanticPeriodisfirstofallanageof__B___.

A.NovelB.poetryC.dramaD.prose

3.Romanticismdoesnotemphasize__D___.

A.thespecialqualitiesofeachindividual’smind

B.theinnerworldofthehumanspirit

C.individuality

D.thefeaturesthatmenhaveincommon

4.___B__isnotaRomanticpoet.

A.WilliamBlakeB.SirScottC.P.B.ShelleyD.LordByron

5._C____isaRomanticnovelistbutisimpressedwithneo-classicstrains.

A.WalterScottB.MaryShelley

C.JaneAustenD.AnnRadcliff

6.____C_isnotcharacteristicofWilliamBlake’swriting.

A.plainanddirectlanguageB.compressionofmeaning

C.supernaturalqualityD.symbolism

7.WordsworthpublishedLyricalBalladsin1789with__B___.

A.ByronB.ColeridgeC.ShelleyD.Keats

8.Wordsworththinksthat_D____istheonlysubjectofliteraryinterest.

A.thelifeofrisingbourgeoisie

B.aristocraticlife

C.thelifeoftheroyalfamily

D.commonlife

9.DonJuanisthemasterpieceof__A___.

A.LordByron’sB.P.B.Shelley’sC.JohnKeats’sD.SamuelColeridge’s

10._A____isnotanovelwrittenbyJaneAusten.

A.JaneEyreB.SenseandSensibilityC.PrideandPrejudiceD.Emma

II.Completeeachofthefollowingstatementswithaproperwordoraphraseaccordingtothetextbook.

1.Inessence,Romanticismdesignatesaliteraryandphilosophicaltheorywhichtendstoseethe__.individual___astheverycenterofalllifeandallexperience.

2.FortheRomantics,_humanlife____isnotonlythemajorsourceofpoeticimagery,butalsoprovidesthedominantsubjectmatter.

3.Wordsworthisregardedasa“worshipperof_nature____.”

4.Accordingtothesubjects,Wordsworth’sshortpoemscanbeclassifiedintotwogroups:

poemsaboutnatureandpoemsabout____humanlife_.

5.Coleridge’sachievementaspoetcanbedividedintotworemarkablydiversegroups:

_.thedemonic____andtheconversational.

6.AsaleadingRomanticist,Byron’schiefcontributionishiscreationofthe“_Byronichero____.”

7.“__OdetotheWestWind___”isShelley’srepresentativework.

8.__Theodes___aregenerallyregardedasKeats’smostimportantandmaturework.

9.“Beautyistruth,truthbeauty”isafamouslineinKeats’s“__OdeonaGrecianUrn___.”

10._PrideandPrejudice____isthemostdelightfulofJaneAusten’swork.

III.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseandwriteyouranswersinthebrackets.

（T）1.TheRomanticperiodisalsoagreatageofprose.

（T）2.Romanticsalsotendtobenationalistic,defendingtheirownliteraryheritageagainsttheadvocatesofclassicalrules.

（F）3.ColeridgehasbeenrewardedasPoetLaureate.

（F）4.Keatsisoneofthe“LakePoets.”

（F）5.JaneAustenisatypicalRomanticwriter.

IV.Nametheauthorofeachofthefollowingliterarywork.

1.“TheRimeoftheAncientMariner”Coleridge

2.SongsofInnocenceBlake

3.“OdetoaNightingale”Keats

4.“ASong:

MenofEngland”Shelley

5.ThePreludeWordsworth

V.Definetheliterarytermslistedbelow

1.Romanticism

Romanticismisamovementthatflourishedinliterature,philosophy,musicandartinwesterncultureduringmostofthenineteenthcentury,beginningasarevoltagainstclassicism.TherehavebeenmanyvarietiesofRomanticisminmanydifferenttimesandplaces.TheleadingfeaturesofRomanticmovementsareWordsworth,Shelley,etc.

2.Ode

Odeisacomplexandoftenlengthylyricpoem,writteninadignifiedformalstyleonsomeloftyorserioussubject.Odesareoftenwrittenforaspecialoccasion,tohonourapersonoraseasonortocommemorateanevent.

VI.Foreachofthequotationslistedbelowpleasegivethenameoftheauthorandthetitleoftheliteraryworkfromwhichitistakenandthenbrieflyinterpretit.

1….BethroughmylipstounawakenedEarth.

Thetrumpetofaprophecy!

O,Wind,

Ifwintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind?

1.ItistakenfromShelley’sOdetotheWestWind.Inthispoem,Shelleyeulogizesthepowerfulwestwindandexpresseshiseagernesstoenjoytheboundlessfreedomfromthereality.Intheselastlines,thepoetshowshisoptimisticspiritforthefuture.

2.Foroft,whenonmycouchIlie

Invacantorinpensivemood,

Theyflashuponthatinwardeye

Whichistheblissofsolitude;

Andthenmyheartwithpleasurefills,

Anddanceswiththedaffodils.

2.ItistakenfromWordsworth’s“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud.”Thepoetthinksthatitisablisstorecollectthebeautyofnatureinhismindwhileheisinsolitude.Heexpresseshisstrongaffectingfornatureinthepoem

.

II.维多利亚时期

I.Eachofthestatementbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementandputtheletterinthebrackets

1.TheVictorianperiodroughlybeganattheenthronementofQueenVictoriain__B___.

A.1835B.1836C.1837D.1838

2.ThecriticalrealistslikeCharlesDickensintheVictorianperiodwrotenovels__D___.

A.representingthe18thcenturyrealistnovelB.criticizingthesocietyC.defendingthemass

E.alltheabove

3.___D__isnotaVictorianovelist.

A.CharlesDickensB.GeorgeEliotC.WilliamMakepeaceThackerayD.D.H.Lawrence

4.___C__isnotaworkbyCharlesDickens.

A.OliverTwistB.DavidCopperfieldC.MiddlemarchD.ATaleofTwoCities

5.WutheringHeightsisamasterpiecewrittenby___B__.

A.CharlotteBronteB.EmilyBrontC.AnneBronteD.BranwellBronte

6.__A___isnotThomasHardy’swork.

A.TheMillont