Summary of the use of logical markers 73.docx

Summary of the use of logical markers 73.docx

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Summaryoftheuseoflogicalmarkers73

Summaryoftheuseoflogicalmarkers

Logicalmarkerscanbedividedintofivetypes.Theyareusedtojointwoelements（twoclauses,twonouns,twoverbs;twophrases）tomainlyexpressthreerelationships.

Relationship

Coordinatingconjunction

Conjunctive

adverb

Compound

conjunction

Preposition

Subordinating

conjunction

Additive

（Transitionwordsthataddonethoughttoanother）

andnor

or

moreover

then;besides,again;too;furthermore;likewise;further;next,also;neither

notonly…butalso;inaddition;

neither…nor;

either…or

inadditionto;

besides;apartfrom

Adversative

（TransitionwordstocontrastIdeasortoadmitapointtoshowdifferences）

but;yet

however;

nevertheless;notwithstanding;nonetheless;otherwise;yet;conversely;though;

onthecontrary;afterall;forallthat;ontheotherhand;not…but;incontrast;bycontrast;

allthesame;

inspiteof;despite

notwithstanding

though;although;while;whereas;eventhough/if

Causal

（Transitionwordstoshowthatoneidearesultsfromanother）

for;so

Thus;hence;accordingly;therefore;consequently;then

Asaresult;

Becauseof;dueto;thanksto;inviewof;inviewofthefactthat;onaccountof

since;asbecause;

II.Someotherlogicalmarkers:

A:

TransitionWordstoCompareIdeas（toShowLikenesses）:

inthesameway;similarly;likewise;

Menmustwearajacketandtie;similarly/inthesameway/likewise,womenmustwearaskirtordress,nottrousers.

B:

TransitionWordsthatSummarize:

allinall;toconclude;inconclusion;finally;asaresult;inshort;asIhaveshown/said/stated;tosumup;accordingly;inbrief;inotherwords;

1.So,tosumup（=thisisastatementofthemainpoints）,we'vegottopaymoreattentiontoprofitabilityandcostcontrol.

2.Inbrief,Ithinkweshouldaccepttheiroffer.

3.Allinall（consideringeverything;onthewhole;generally）Allinall,wehadagoodtime.

4.inshort（toputitintoasfewwordsaspossible;allImeanis）:

Thisisourmostdisastrousandembarrassingdefeatever;inshort,afiasco.

5.Hefailedhisdrivingtestthreetimes.Inotherwords,hecouldnotusethefamilycarallsummerlong.

C:

TransitionWordsthatEmphasize:

surely;certainly;tobesure;undoubtedly;indeed;truly;infact;withoutadoubt;ofcourse;

1.tobesure,（forsureitmustbeaccepted（that）;ADMITTEDLY）:

Somepeoplemaydisagree,tobesure,butthatdoesn'tmeanI'mwrong.

2.Rockmusicisstillextraordinarilypopular.Certainly,itwillcontinueitsholdonyoungpeopleoverthenextdecade.

3.Withoutadoubttherearemanywaystosaveenergyaroundthehouse.Forexample,loweringthethermostatdropsoilconsumptionremarkably.

D:

TransitionWordsthatTellanExampleWillFollow:

forexample;forinstance;specifically;

Specifically:

（speakingmoreexactly;NAMELY）:

Severalcountries,specificallytheUS,Britain,andFrance,havesignedtheagreement.

Notallhouseworkistedious.Forinstance,cooking,eventhoughitcanbeachore,isstillanimaginativeandcreativeone.

D:

TransitionWordstoShowTemporal:

then;next;justthen;beforethat;intheend;

first…then/secondly….thirdly….finally;

atfirst/originally/formerly/inthebeginning;formerly…finally/now;inthefirstplace;inthesecondplace;

foronething;andforanother

First,governmentsdeniedthatitwasunsafe;secondly,admittedthatthedesignmadethevehicleunsafebutarguedthattheywereunabletodoanythingaboutitbecauseitwastheonlypossiblesolutiontotheproblem;finally,preventeddisabledpeoplefromusingtricyclesintheirowninterest.

Formerly/Originallyheworkedinafactory,butnowhe'sateacher.

Inthebeginning/originally/formerlyhewantedtowriteashortstory,buthefinallywroteanovel.

III.Howtouselogicalmarkerstoorganizeyoursupportingsentences

Doyoustillrememberhowtoputlogicalmarkerstocorrectusesinyourwriting?

Fivetypesofthem:

1.coordinating;

2.conjunctive;

3.compound;

4.prepositions;

5.subordinating;

additive;

adversative;

causal

Apotentialwritingquestionfortasktwo:

Whichlifedoyouprefer:

citylifeorcountrysidelife?

Whenitcomestothisissue,Iprefercitylifetocountrysidelife.

Iprefercitylife,thinkingthatcitylifeiscomfortableandconvenient.Withoutadoubt,citylifeisveryconvenient,anditofferscityresidentssuchgoodamenitiesasbuses,undergroundrailwaysystemsandsupermarkets.Furthermore,citylifeisverycomfortable.Thesedayscityplannerscancreateagoodlivingenvironment.Forexample,intoday’snewcommunitylargeparks,sportscentersandhospitalsarebuilttomakecitydwellerslivecomfortably.

Tobesure,citylifedoeshavesomedisadvantages.Thereisnodoubtthatcitylifeisdevoidofnatureanddistinctseasons,anditisnoisyandovercrowdedaccordingtosomepeople.However,itsnoiseandovercrowdingarehardlynoticeable.//Whatisthemostimportant,citiesprovideurbanpeoplewithmanyachanceofemployment,andtheyalsoofferpeopleconvenientmedicalservices.

Therefore/Allinall,Ichoosetoliveinacityinsteadofinthecountryside.

Whenitcomestothisissue,someareforit,butothersareagainstit.AsforasIamconcerned,Iagreeordisagreewithit.Therearesomegoodreasonsformystandpoint.

Ilikesth.Sthisgood,anditisverygood.Furthermore/Moreover/Also,itisreallygood.Forexample,itis…..

Ofcourse/Tobesure,itdoeshavesomeproblems.Ithassomethingnegative,anditreallyhassomethingwrong.However/Nonetheless/Nevertheless,/Inspiteofthem/it/,peoplecanovercomethem/it.Whatisthemostimportant,itisgood,anditisreallygood.

Therefore/Consequently/Hence/Thus,Ipreferit.

Countrysidelifeisbetterthancitylife.

Iprefercountrysidelifetocitylife.

It’syourturn:

Iprefercountrysidelifetocitylife.

However,manyothershatecitylife.

Against:

citylifeisnotgood.

1.Citylifeisnotagoodenvironmentforhumanbeings.

2.Itisunhealthy.

3.Itisdevoidofnatureanddistinctseason.

4.Itisnoisyanddangerous.

5.Itmakespeoplenervousandevenneurotic.

6.Manycitydwellerslongtoreturntothecountryside.

7.Theairinthecountrysideisfreshandunpolluted.

8.Countrysidelifeisquietandhealthy.

9.Itisquitecomfortabletoliveinthecountryside.

10.Peoplecaneatsomefreshvegetables.

11.Itcostslesstoliveinthecountryside.

For:

citylifeisgood.

1.Therearealotofchancesofemploymentincities.

2.Thenoiseandovercrowdingofcitiesarehardlynoticeable.

3.Itoffersurbanpeoplemanyconveniences.

4.Themedicalservicesincitiesaremuchbetterthanthoseinthecountry.

It’syourturn.Thistimeeverybodybelievesthatcountrysidelifeisbetterthancitylife.

Thesedayssomanyfarmerschoosetomoveintocities,thinkingthatcitylifeismuchbetterthancountrysidelife.Whenitcomestotheissueonwhichlifeisbetter,citylifeorcountrysidelife,Ipreferthelatter.Therearesomegoodreasonsformystandpoint.

Countrysidelifeshouldbemoresuitableforhumanbeings.Foronething,asthecommoditiesinthecountrysidearemuchcheaperthanthoseincities,peoplemayfinditeconomicaltoliveinthecountryside;andforanother,thesceneryinthecountrysideismuchmorebeautifulandappealing.Furthermore,peoplelivinginthecountrysidecaneatsomefreshvegetableswithoutchemicalcontamination.

Ofcourse,citiesdohavesomeadvantages.Citydwellerscanenjoyconvenientmedicalservices,andtheycangetaccesstoalotofamenitieslikesportscentersandcinemas.Allthesame,cityresidentsaretoobusytohavetimetomakethemostoftheseamenitiesofferedbythegovernment.Whatisworse,themedicalcostincitiesissohighthatmanyurbanpeoplecannotaffordtoseedoctors.Whatismore,countrysidelife,bycontrast,issoquiet,andtheairinthecountrysideisfreshandunpolluted.

Consequently,aspeoplelivinginthecountrysidearelesslikelytobeillwithdiseasesandhencewillbeabletolivelongerthanurbanpeople,Ichoosetoliveinthecountryside.

Allinall,inviewofthefactthatthefasturbanizationhasmadecitylifelessandlesssuitableforhumanbeings,Igraduallybecometiredofcitylifeandreallylongtoreturntothecountryside.（230words）

Somepeopleareforcorporalpunishment,butothersareagainstit.Whatisyourviewonthisissue?

Frankly,citylifeisnoisy,anditisalsodangerous.Moreover,citylifeisdevoidofnatureanddistinctseasons.Forinstance,citydwellershavetodrivefarintothecountrysidetoseebeautifulscenery.

Neithercouldtheorydowithoutpractice,norcouldpracticedowithouttheory.

理论没有实践不行,实践没有理论也不行。

First;;;;;secondly;thirdly

When;if;

ThetitleofthetopicIchoseis“TodayChinesestudentsatuniversitiesareallowedtogetmarried.Doyouthinkitisacceptableforyoungstudentstolivetogetherandevenhavechildren?

”Explainyourreasons.

Whenitcomestotheissueonwhetheritisacceptableforyoungstudentstolivetogetherandevenhavechildren,myviewisthatitisgood/acceptableforthemtodoso.Therearetworeasonsformystandpoint.

Gettingmarriedduringstudents’stayatuniversitiesisgoodfortheirstudiesandtheirdailylife.Foronething,marriedstudentscanconcentrateontheirstudieswithoutspendingalotoftimedatinggirlfriendsorboyfriends.Andforanother,theycanlivebetterthanthosewhoarenotmarried.Forexample,theycancookfoodthemselves.Furthermore,livingintheirownflat