新世纪研究生英语听说教程原文答案Unit 9 Survival Environment.docx

新世纪研究生英语听说教程原文答案Unit 9 Survival Environment.docx

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新世纪研究生英语听说教程原文答案Unit9SurvivalEnvironment

Unit9SurvivalEnvironment

ThinkingAhead

Studentsareaskedtodiscussthefollowingquestionsingroups.Thereferenceanswersforthequestionsareofferedbelow:

1.Doyouthinkthattheenvironmentwearelivinginisgettingbetterorworse?

Inwhatways?

Ithinktheenvironmentwearenowlivinginisdeterioratingsteadily.Therearemanyexamples:

degradationofairquality,pollutionofwater,lossofmanyplantsandanimals,widespreaddeforestation,globalwarming,overuseofplasticbags,etc.

2.Manypeopletendtotalkabout“toprotecttheenvironment”.Doyouagree?

Why?

Whathaveyoudoneinyourday-to-daylivestoprotecttheenvironmentornottoharmourearth?

Tobehonest,Idon’tagree.Manyofactivitieswhichwecall“toprotecttheenvironment”areactuallynotharmingtheearthorharmingourplanetless,forexample,drivingfewermileseachweek,usinglessnon-degradableplasticbagsandsoon.

Thingswecoulddoinourday-to-daylives:

⏹Installawater-savingtoilet.

⏹Turnoffthewaterwhenbrushingteeth,shaving,etc.

⏹Runthedishwasheronlywithafullload.

⏹Replacelightbulbswithcompactfluorescentbulbsorotherenergyefficientlightbulbs.

⏹Buyenergyefficientappliances.

⏹Keepyourrefrigerator’stemperaturesetatamedium-cooltemperature.

⏹Usedouble-panewindowstobetterinsulateyourhome.

⏹Turnofflightswhennotinuse.

⏹Turnoffyourcomputer,television,etc.whennotinuse.

⏹Makesureyourprinterpaperis100%post-consumerrecycledpaper.Thepaperindustryisthethirdgreatestcontributortoglobalwarmingemissions.

⏹Useemailinsteadofsnailmailforinformalletters.

⏹Printorcopyonbothsidesofthepaperwheneverpossible.

⏹Looktoyardsales,thriftstoresandantiqueshopsforusedhouseholdgoodsinsteadofbuyingnewones.“Oneman’strashisanotherman’streasure.”

⏹Recycleeverything:

newspapers,cellphones,electronics,cans,glass,aluminum,motoroil,scrapmetal,etc.

⏹Usethestairsinsteadoftheelevatorwheneverpossible.

⏹Buyafuel-efficient/eco-friendlycar.

⏹Carpoolorusepublictransitwheneverpossible.

⏹Rideyourbikeorwalk.

⏹Encourageyourfamily,friends,andneighborstosaveresources.

（From

PartIVideoTime

Inthispart,studentswillhave2taskstoaccomplish.

Task1

Intask1,studentswillwatchavideoclipfromObamaaboutenergyandenvironment,andthendotheexercisesasrequired.Beforewatching,theyaresupposedtoreadthewords,expressionsandculturalnotesrelatedtothevideo.

Transcript

BarackObama:

EnergyandEnvironment

Theeyesoftheworldhavealwaysturnedtothisnationasthelastbestowaloftheearth.FromthemomentItakeofficeaspresident,Iwillcalltogetherscientistsandentrepreneurs;headsofindustryandlabor;Democrats,RepublicansandAmericansfromallwalksoflifetohelpdevelopanddeploythenextgenerationofenergythatwillallowustobuildthenextgeneration’seconomy.

Thedaysofthedebateaboutwhetherornottheglobeisgettingwarmerareover.Weknowthatglobalwarmingisreal,thatifwedon’tdoanythingaboutglobalclimatechange,thatwecouldseecatastrophicresults.

Rightnowwecouldincreasethefuelefficiencystandardtoourcarsto43milesagallon,ifweincreaseourfuelefficiencyto43milesagallon,thenwewillimportzerooilfromtheMiddleEast.That’ssomethingthatwecoulddorightnow.

Wetakeanationallow-carbonfuelstandardandincreasefuelefficiencystandards.Wecouldtaketheequivalentof50millioncarsworthofpollutionofftheroadbytheyear2020.Thequestionisnotifarenewableenergyeconomywillthriveinthefuture,it’swhere.AndifwewantthatplacetobetheUnitedStatesofAmerica,wecannolongeraffordtowait.Yousay20%ofourenergywouldcomefromnewmoresourceslikewind,likesolar,likebiomass,liketidalenergy.Andbysettingthosehighstandards,suddenly,youstarttoseemoreinvestmentintheseareas,technologyimprovesandoverthelongrun,youstarttoseesignificantchanges.We’rejustuptounderstandwegetmoreobligationstothenextgeneration,tomakesurethey’vegotaplanetwhichissustainableandadmirablethesamewayweinheritthesustainableandadmirableplanetfromourparents,andourgrandparents.AndIthinkyoungpeople,inparticular,recognizetheimportanceofthisissue,andinthelongday-to-daylives,theyaretryingtomakesuretheyarecarbonneutral,makesuretheyarenotwasteful,andalmostthingsaddup.

Iwantourchildrenandourchildren’schildrentopointtothisgenerationandthismomentasthetimewhenAmericafounditswayagain.AsthetimewhenAmericaovercamethedivisionandthepoliticsandthepettinessofanearliererasothatanewgenerationcouldcometogetherandtakeonthemosturgentchallengeofthisera.IamrunningforthepresidencyoftheUnitedStatestoleadustowardthisnewera.

（From

KeytoExercises

Exercise1WatchingforSpecificInformation

Studentsareaskedtowatchthevideoclipandfillintheblankswiththemissinginformation.

1）Theeyesoftheworldhavealwaysturnedtothisnationasthelastbestowaloftheearth.

2）Weknowthatglobalwarmingisreal,thatifwedon’tdoanythingaboutglobalclimatechange,thatwecouldseecatastrophicresults.

3）Rightnowwecouldincreasethefuelefficiencystandardofourcarto43milesagallon,ifweincreasethefuelefficiencyto43milesagallon,thenwewillimportzerooilfromtheMiddleEast.

4）Yousay20%ofourenergywouldcomefromnewmoresourceslikewind,likesolar,likebiomass,liketidalenergy.

5）Andbysettingthosehighstandards,suddenly,youstarttoseemoreinvestmentintheseareas,technologyimprovesandoverthelongrun,youstarttoseesignificantchanges.

6）AndIthinkyoungpeople,inparticular,recognizetheimportanceofthisissue,andinthelongday-to-daylives,theyaretryingtomakesuretheyarecarbonneutral,makesuretheyarenotwasteful,andalmostthingsaddup.

Exercise2GroupDiscussion

StudentsareaskedtowatchthevideoclipagainandthendiscussingroupstheviewpointsofObamaonenergyandenvironment.

SuggestedAnswer

Fromthevideoclip,wecanfindthatwhatBarackObamasaysabouttheUnitedStatesreachingouttotheworld,inaspiritofrealcooperationandleadershiponclimate-changeissues,isveryimportant.It’stime,atlast,foranewpresidenttoreverseWashington’sarrogantandbone-headedattitudesofthepastsevenandahalfyears.Inthisclip,Obamaemphasizedhiscommitmenttoinvestingincleantechnology,sayingthatnewtechnologyfromtheUnitedStatescanhelpothercountriestofightclimatechange.Inaword,weallshouldassumetheresponsibilityofourgenerationinprotectingtheenvironmentandleaveabrightandcleanworldtoourfuturegeneration.

Task2

Intask2,studentswillwatchavideoclipaboutglobalwarmingintheworldandthendotheexercisesasrequired.Beforewatching,theyaresupposedtoreadthewords,expressionsandculturalnotesrelatedtothevideo.

Transcript

GlobalWarming

For2.5millionyears,theearthclimatehasfluctuated,cyclingfromiceagestowarmerperiods.Butinthelastcentury,theplanet’stemperaturehasrisenunusuallyfast—about1.2to1.4degreesFahrenheit.Scientistsbelieveit’shuman’sactivitythat’sdrivingthetemperaturesup;aprocessknownasglobalwarming.Eversincetheindustrialrevolutionbegan,factories,powerplantsandeventually,cars,haveburnedfossilfuelssuchasoilandcoal,releasinghugeamountsofcarbondioxideandothergasesintotheatmosphere.Thesegreenhousegasestrapheatneartheearththroughanaturallyoccurringprocesscalledthegreenhouseeffect.Thegreenhouseeffectbeginswiththesunandtheenergyitradiatestotheearth.Theearthandtheatmosphereabsorbsomeofthisenergy,whiletherestisradiatedbackintospace.Naturallyoccurringgasesintheatmospheretrapsomeofthisenergyandreflectitback,warmingtheearth.Scientistsnowbelievethatthegreenhouseeffectisbeingintensifiedbytheextragreenhousegasesthathumanshavereleased.Evidenceforglobalwarmingincludesarecentstringofverywarmyears.Scientistsreportthat1998wasthewarmestyearinmeasuredhistory,with2005cominginsecond.Meanwhile,readingstakenfromicecoresshowthatthegreenhousegases,carbondioxideandmethanehavehittheirhighestlevelinthepast420,000years.

Arcticseaiceisalsoshrinking.AccordingtoNASAstudies,theextentofArcticseaicehasdeclinedabout10%inthelast30years.Aslongasindustrializednationsconsumeenergyanddevelopingcountriesincreasetheirfossilfuelconsumption,theconcentrationofgreenhousegasesintheatmospherewillcontinuetorise.Researcherspredictthattemperatureswillincreaseabout2to10degreesFahrenheitbytheendofthecentury.What’slesscertainiswhatrisingtemperaturesmeanfortheplanet.Someclimatemodelspredictsubtlechanges.Othersforecastrisingsealevelwhichcouldfloodcoastalareasaroundtheworld.Weatherpatternscouldchange,makinghurricanesmorefrequent.Severedroughtscouldbecomemorecommoninwarmareasandspeciesunabletoadapttothechangingconditionswouldfaceextinction.

Althoughmuchremainstobelearnedaboutglobalwarming,manyorganizationsadvocatecuttinggreenhousegasemissionstoreducetheimpactofglobalwarming.Consumerscanhelp.Bysavingenergyaroundthehouse