届高考英语阅读理解四选一专题分类特训阅读4二.docx

届高考英语阅读理解四选一专题分类特训阅读4二.docx

《届高考英语阅读理解四选一专题分类特训阅读4二.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《届高考英语阅读理解四选一专题分类特训阅读4二.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

届高考英语阅读理解四选一专题分类特训阅读4二

1、   Artificialintelligence,orAI,hasbeenappliedinawiderangeoffieldstoperformspecifictasks,includingeducation,finance,heavyindustry,transportation,toysandgames, andsoon.

   Education

    Thereareanumberofcompaniesthatcreaterobotstoteachsubjectstochildrenrangingfrombiologytocomputerscience,thoughsuchtoolshavenotbecomewidespreadyet.Advancementsinnaturallanguageprocessing,combinedwithmachinelearning,havealsoenabledautomaticgradingofassignments.

   Finance

   Banksuseartificialintelligencesystemstoorganizeoperations,maintainbook-keeping,investinstocks,andmanageproperty.Also,systemsarebeingdeveloped,likeAtria,totranslatecomplexdataintosimplelanguage.Therearealsowallets,likeWalletAI,whichmonitoranindividual’sspendinghabitsandprovideswaystoimprovethem.

   Heavyindustry

   Robotshavebecomecommoninmanyindustriesandareoftengivenjobsthatareconsidereddangeroustohumans.Robotshaveproveneffectiveinsome jobsthatareveryrepetitivewhichmayleadtomistakesoraccidentsduetofailureinconcentrationandotherjobswhichhumansmayfinddegrading.

   Transportation

   Today’scarscanhaveAI-baseddriverassistfeaturessuchasself-parkingandadvancedcruisecontrols.AIintransportationisexpectedtoprovidesafe,efficient,andreliabletransportationwhileminimizingtheimpactontheenvironmentandcommunities.

   Toysandgames

   CompanieslikeMattelhavebeencreatingAI-enabledtoysforkidsasyoungasagethree.UsingproprietaryAIenginesandspeechrecognitiontools,theyareabletounderstandconversations,giveintelligentresponsesandlearnquickly.AIhasalsobeenappliedtovideogames,forexamplevideogamebots,whicharedesignedtostandinasopponentswherehumansaren’tavailable.

1.WhichistrueaboutAIandeducation?

A.Robotshavebeenwidelyusedtoteachchildren.

B.AIhasbeenusedtogradestudents’homework.

C.AIhasenabledmorestudentstoreceiveeducationatschool.

D.EducationwasthefirstfieldwhereAIwasused.

2.Whichcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Atriacanhelppeopleunderstandcomplexdata.

B.WalletAIcanhelppeoplemakemoremoney.

C.Robots’jobsareconsidereddangeroustohumans.

D.Robotscanhelppeopleconcentrate.

3.Fromthelasttwoparagraphswecanknowthat_______________.

A.Today’sdriversneedn’tlearntoparktheircars

B.AIensuressafe,efficient,andreliabletransportation

C.AI-enabledtoysisdesignedtoimprovekids’intelligence

D.Videogamebotscanfightagainstyouinvideogames

2、   Howdidpeopleinancienttimeskeepfoodwarminwinterwithoutthese?

   ☆“WenDing”, anancientricecooker

   Oneofthemajorfunctionsofanelectricricecookeristokeepfoodwarm.The“WenDing”,anancientcookingcontainer,servedthesamepurpose.It preservedheatbyburningfuelslikecharcoal. The“WenDing”unearthedinNanjingin1989datesbacktotheStoneAge.

   ☆“RanLu”,an ancientsmallhotpot

   The“RanLu”isasmallsizecookingvessel（器皿）madeofbronze,whichcanbedividedintothreeparts.Acharcoalstoveformsthemainstructure,withabottomtraytoholdcharcoalashes,andamovablecupatthetop.Thevessel’sstructuresuggestsitmayhavebeenusedasasmallhotpotand thisvesselbecamepopularintheWarringStatesPeriod（475—221B.C.）.   

   ☆BronzeYou,an ancientkettle

   The"BronzeYou"wasoneofthemostcommonwinecontainersduringtheShangandZhouDynasties.The"BronzeYou"canalsobeusedtowarmwine.Forexample,theBronzeYouwith adesignofthe beastmask,unearthedinJiangxiProvince,hasanopeningwherecharcoalcouldbeplaced.Justaspeopletoday havetohave anelectrickettle,the"BronzeYou"allowedpeopletoenjoyahotdrink. 

  ☆BronzeYan,an ancientsteamer

   Althoughthe“WenDing”waseffectiveatkeepingfoodwarm,theancientChinesepeoplelaterfoundthatitsburningprocessproducedpollution.Asaresult,the"BronzeYan"madewithatwo-tierstructureandusedtosteamriceandothergrains.AftertheEasternHanDynasty（25A.D.-220A.D.）,furtherimprovementstothe"BronzeYan"ledtothemodern-daysteamer.

1.Whendidthe“RanLu”becomepopular?

A.IntheZhouDynasty.

B.IntheEasternHanDynasty.

C.IntheWarringStatesPeriod.

D.IntheStoneAge.

2.The"BronzeYou",unearthedinJiangxiProvince,hasanopeningto __________.

A.placecharcoal

B.storewine

C.pourwater

D.holdcharcoalashes

3.Whatistheuniqueadvantageofthe"BronzeYan"?

A.Itiswarm.

B.Itisconvenient.

C.Itisuseful.

D.Itisenvironment-friendly.

3、Anonlinesupermarketcompany—OcadointheUK,hasrecentlydisplayedarobotichandthatcanpickfruitsandvegetables!

Whenanembryoisinthewomb（子宫）,theveryfirstsenseitdevelopsistouch.Thesense oftouchisalsotheonethatlaststhelongest—aswegetolderandourvisionandhearingbeginstoweaken,touchstillremains.Humansusetheirtouchtoprotectthemselves,tocreateemotionalrelationshipswithotherpeopleandtoexperiencepleasure.Canyouimaginelifewithoutit?

Thesenseoftouchcomesfromanetworkofnerveendings（神经末梢）andspecialtouchreceptorsonthesurfaceoftheskin.Whiletherearedifferentkindsoftouchreceptors,theyhelpus judgepressure,textureandvibrations（震动）.Theyarelocatedinourfingertips,palms,solesofourfeet,face,lipsandtongue.

Whenwetouchsomething,themechano-receptorsfeelthetouchandthroughanetworkofnervessendsignalstothebrain.Thisinformsthebrainaboutthelocationofthetouch,theamountofforceused,andthespeedatwhichitwasused.

Severaldifferenttechniqueshavebeentriedinthepastfewyearstocreatesucharobotichand—usingthreefingers.ButthislatestdesignbySomacopiesthehumanhand.Thegripper（钳子）ismadeupofflexiblematerialswhichgraspthethingbasedonitssizeandshape.Thenairpressureisusedtocontrolthemovementoftheroboticfingerstopickobjectssafelyandwithoutcausingdamage.

Thenextstepwouldbefortherobottojudgehowripethefruitsandvegetablesare,andapplypressureaccordingly.Membersoftheresearchteamarecurrentlyworkingonaddingcomputerizedvisiontotherobots,sothattheycanseewhattheyaregrasping.

Doesallthismeanrobotscanreplacepeople?

AccordingtoOcado,ithelpsimproveproductivitybyremovingsomeoftherepetitivetasksdonebyhumans.

1.Whatisfocusedoninthesecondparagraph?

A.Theoriginoftouch. B.Theimportanceoftouch. 

C.Thedevelopmentoftouch.D.Theprocessoftransportingtouch.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph4referto?

A.Thebrain.B.Thetouch.C.Thenerve.D.Thesignal.

3.Whatisthetypicalfeatureofthelatestrobots?

A.Theycanseewhatthey'retakingholdof.B.Theycantaketheplaceofpeopleinworkplaces.

C.Theycantellwhetherthefruitsandvegetablesareripe.

D.Theycanholdthingsfirmlyaccordingtotheirouterfeatures.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ASenseofTouchforRobots B.ARoboticHandforClassifyingFruits

C.ARoboticHandwithaGentleTouchD.ARobotMadeofFlexibleMaterials

4、Mostpeopleusuallytraveledbyshipandtrainwhicharedrivenbysteamengine.Itplayedanimportantpartinmanykindsofvehicles（车辆）severalscoresofyearsago.Whoinventedsteamengineandwhatunitscouldbeusedtomeasurethepowerofengine?

　　Theword“horse-power”wasfirstusedtwohundredyearsago.JamesWattfromaworker’sfamilymadetheworldfirstwidelyusedsteamengine.Atfirst,hecouldn’ttellpeoplehowpowerfulitwas,becausetherewerenounitsatthattime.Wattdecidedtofindouthowmuchworkonestronghorsecoulddoinoneminute.Henamedthatunitonehorse-power.Inthiswayhecouldmeasuretheworkofhissteamengine.

　　Hediscoveredthatahorsecouldlifta3300-poundweight10feetintotheairinoneminute.Hisenginecouldlifta3300-poundweight100feetinoneminute.Becausehisenginedidtentimesasmuchworkasthehorse,Wattcalleditatenhorse-powerengine.

1.Themainideaofthepassageis___.

A.JamesWattinventedthesteamengine

B.JamesWattfirstusedhorse-powerasaunitofmeasure

C.howmuchpowerdoesahorsehave

D.whyWatt‟sengineiscalledatenhorse-powerengine

2.ThestorysaysthatWattmadethefirst____.

A.engineB.horse-powerengineC.usefulengineD.widelyusedsteamengine

3.JamesWattwasbornin____.

A.aworker’sfamilyB.afarmer’sfamilyC.ateacher’sfamilyD.adoctor’sfamily

4.Onehorse-powermeansthe____.

A.workahorsecoulddoinaminuteB.weightahorsecoulddointenminutes

C.workahorsecoulddointenminutesD.weightofonehorse

5、Insummer,millionsofpeoplewillheadforthebeach.Andwhiletheoceancanbeagreatplacetoswimandplay,itmayalsobeusefulinanotherway.Somescientiststhinkthatwavescouldhelpmakeelectricity.

   “Haveyoueverbeenonasurfboardorboatandfeltyourselfbeingliftedupbyawave?

Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttheenergyaswavescrashedoveryou?

”askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburghinScotland.“Thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves.”

   Scientistsareworkingonusingthatenergytomakeelectricity.

   Mostwavesarecreatedwhenwindsblowacrosstheocean.“Thewindsstartoutbymakinglittleripples（波纹）inthewater,butiftheykeeponblowing,thoseripplesgetbiggerandbiggerandturnintowaves,”Taylorsaid.“Wavesareoneofnature’swaysofpickingupenergyandthensendingitoffonajourney.”

   Whenwavescometowardstheshore,peoplecanset