10年高考阅读理解文化类96.docx
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10年高考阅读理解文化类96
总题数：
22题
第1题（2011年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（全国卷Ⅱ））
题目
Since1984，Philadelphiahasbeencleaningupitsact.Onebyone，graffiticoveredwallsarebeingchangedintooutdoorart.Sofar，morethan1,800murals（壁画）havebeenpainted.PhiladelphianowhasmoremuralsthananyotherAmericancity.
Thewallsthatwereonceuglywithgraffiti（涂鸦）arenowcoveredwithbeautifulpicturesofhistoricalheroesandmodernart，thankstotheMuralArtsProgram（MAP）．Itsworkmakesschoolsandpublicplacesattractive，anditscitizensveryproud.TheprogrambeganaspartofPhiladelphia'sAntiGraffitiNetwork.JaneGoldenistheMAP'sartisticdirector.“Whenpeopleaskmewhatourprogramisabout，”shesays,“Ianswerthemwithoneword：
hope.”Eachyear，theMAPoffersyouthartprogramsandworkshops.SomeonetimegraffitiwritersevenhelppaintMAPmurals.
TheMAP'swork，saysGolden，isallaboutdevelopingasenseofcommunity（社区）．Whenaneighborhoodrequestsamural，theMAPworkswiththepeopletheretodevelopamessage.Somemessageshavebeen“SafeStreets，”“LoveandCare，”and“PeaceWalk.”
TheMAPreceivesupto50requestsformuralseachweek.Lastyear，theworkerspainted140murals.
“Themakingofamuralenterspeople'scollectivememoryasanextraordinary，pleasantmomentinneighborhoodhistory，”saysGolden，whobeganasamuralistinLosAngeles.
（1）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A．Love，fromGraffitiWriterstoMuralists
B．MAP，aNewCompanyinPhiladelphia
C．Jane，anExcellentMuralArtist
D．Hope，OneWallataTime
（2）WhatistheMuralArtsPrograminPhiladelphiaaimedat?
A．Helpingtheyoungfindjobs.
B．Protectingtheneighborhood.
C．Fightingagainstgraffiti.
D．Attractingmorevisitors.
（3）HowdoestheMAPdecideonthemessageforamural?
A．Byhavingdiscussionswithpeopleinthecommunity.
B．Byseekingadvicefromthecitygovernment.
C．Bylearningfromtheyounggraffitiwriters.
D．Bystudyingthehistoryofthecity.
（4）WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheworkoftheMAP?
A．Difficult. B．Dangerous.
C．Experimental. D．Successful.
答案
（1）D
主旨大意题。
根据第二段JaneGolden说的话可知，当人们问及该项目是关于什么的时候，她用一个词来概括，即Hope，故D项为最佳标题。
（2）C
推理判断题。
根据第一、二段可知，昔日曾经被涂鸦的墙壁正被美丽的壁画所覆盖，以使社区更具魅力，因此对抗涂鸦应是该项目的目的。
（3）A
细节理解题。
根据第三段第二句可知，当社区的居民请求画一张壁画时，该项目的工作人员就和当地的人们一起来拟定出一个主题，故选A项。
（4）D
推理判断题。
根据第一段及倒数第二段可知，该项目很成功，故选D项。
第2题（2011年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（全国卷Ⅱ））
题目
Thewaywedothingsroundhere
Someyearsago,IwashiredbyanAmericanbank.IreceivedaletterfromtheheadofthePersonnelDepartmentthatstarted,“DearJohn,Iamquitepleasedthatyouhavedecidedtojoinus.”That“quite”saddenedme.Ithoughthewassaying“we'rekindofpleasedyoudecidedtojoinusalthoughIwishwehadhiredsomeoneelse.”ThenIdiscoveredthatinAmericanEnglish“quite”sometimesmeans“very”,whileinBritishEnglishitmeans“fairly”.
SothefirstlessonaboutworkinginothercountriesistolearnthelanguageandbythatIdon'tjustmeanthewordspeoplespeak.Itisbodylanguage，dress，manners，ideasandsoon.Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmanyofthedifferencesweseebetweencultures（文化）．
Someofthesedifferencesmaybeonlyonthesurface—dress，foodandhoursofwork—whileothersmaybedeeperandtakelongertodealwith.Mostly，itisjustaquestionofgettingusedtothedifferencesandacceptingthem，liketheclimate（气候），whilegettingonwithbusiness.
Someofthedifferencesmaybeanimprovement.Peoplearemorepolite；theserviceisbetter；youaskforsomethingtobedoneandithappenswithouthavingtoaskagain.However，otherdifferencescanbetroubling，likepunctuality（准时）．Ifyouinvitepeopletoapartyat7o'clockyourguestswillconsideritpolitetoturnupexactlyontimeinGermany，fiveminutesearlyintheAmericanMidwest，anhourearlyinJapan,15minutesafterwardsintheUK，uptoanhourafterwardsinItalyandsometimeintheeveninginGreece.Iprefernottousetheword“late”becausethereisnothingwrongwiththetimespeoplearrive.Itissimplytheacceptedthingtodointheirowncountry.
（1）TheauthorwasunhappyasmentionedinParagraph1becausehethought______.
A．theAmericanbankdidn'tthinkmuchofhim
B．theAmericanbankmighthireanotherperson
C．it'sdifficulttogetusedtoAmericanculture
D．it'seasytomisunderstandAmericans
（2）Theword“highlights”inParagraph2probablymeans______.
A．encourages B．helpstonarrow
C．increases D．drawsattentionto
（3）Accordingtotheauthor，whatshouldwedowithmostculturaldifferences?
A．Askthenativepeopleforhelp.
B．Understandandacceptthem.
C．Dothingsinourownway.
D．Doindepthresearch.
（4）Wheninvitedtoapartythepeoplewhoareusuallypunctualare______.
A．Italians B．Germans
C．Greeks D．theBritish
答案
（1）A
细节理解题。
根据第一段中“Ithoughthewassaying‘we'rekindofpleasedyoudecidedtojoinusalthoughIwishwehadhiredsomeoneelse.”可知，作者以为信中表达的意思是自己并不是他们的最佳人选，因此认为这家银行对他评价不高，所以不高兴。
（2）D
词义猜测题。
此处指人们做事的方式使我们看到的许多文化差异更加明显，更加吸引人们的注意力，故选D项。
highlight表示“强调，突出，使显著”。
（3）B
细节理解题。
根据第三段最后一句“Mostly，itisjustaquestionofgettingusedtothedifferencesandacceptingthem...”可知，应对大部分文化差异的方法是习惯并接受它们，故选B项。
（4）B
细节理解题。
根据最后一段中“...yourguestswillconsideritpolitetoturnupexactlyontimeinGermany...”可知，德国人参加宴会时，通常是准时的。
第3题（2011年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（北京卷））
题目
StudentsandTechnologyintheClassroom
IlovemyBlackberry—it'smylittleconnectiontothelargerworldthatcangoanywherewithme.Ialsolovemylaptopcomputer，asitholdsallofmywritingandthoughts.
Despitethisloveoftechnology，IknowthattherearetimeswhenIneedtomoveawayfromthesedevices（设备）andtrulycommunicatewithothers.
Onoccasion，IteachacoursecalledHistoryMattersforagroupofhighereducationmanagers.Mygoalsfortheclassincludeafulldiscussionofhistoricalthemesandideas.BecauseIwantstudentstothoroughlystudythematerialandexchangetheirideaswitheachotherintheclassroom，Ihavearule—nolaptops，iPads，phones，etc.Whenstudentsweretoldmyruleinadvanceoftheclass，someofthemwerenothappy.
Moststudentsassumethatmyreasonsforthisruleincludeunpleasantexperiencesinthepastwithstudentsmisusingtechnology.There'sabitoftruthtothat.SomestudentsassumethatIamantitechnology.There'snotruthinthatatall.IlovetechnologyandtrytokeepupwithitsoIcanrelatetomystudents.
TherealreasonwhyIaskstudentstoleavetechnologyatthedooristhatIthinkthereareveryfewplacesinwhichwecanhavedeepconversationsandtrulyengagecomplexideas.Interruptionsbytechnologyoftenbreakconcentrationandallowfortoomuchdependenceonoutsideinformationforideas.Iwantstudentstodigdeepwithinthemselvesforinspirationandideas.Iwantthemtopusheachothertothinkdifferentlyandtomakeconnectionsbetweenthecoursematerialandtheclassdiscussion.
I'vebeenteachingmyhistoryclassinthiswayformanyyearsandtheevaluationsreflectstudentsatisfactionwiththeenvironmentthatIcreate.Studentsrealizethatwithdeepconversationandchallenge，theylearnatalevelthathelpsthemkeepthecoursematerialbeyondtheclassroom.
I'mnotsayingthatIwon'teverchangemymindabouttechnologyuseinmyhistoryclass，butuntilIhearareallygoodreasonforthechange，I'mstickingtomyplan.Afewhoursoftechnologyfreedialogueisjusttoosweettogiveup.
（1）Someofthestudentsinthehistoryclasswereunhappywith______.
A．thecoursematerial
B．others'misuseoftechnology
C．discussiontopics
D．theauthor'sclassregulations
（2）Theunderlinedword“engage”inPara.4probablymeans______.
A．explore B．accept
C．change D．reject
（3）Accordingtotheauthor，theuseoftechnologyintheclassroommay______.
A．keepstudentsfromdoingindependentthinking
B．encouragestudentstohaveindepthconversations
C．helpstudentstobetterunderstandcomplexthemes
D．affectstudents'concentrationoncourseevaluation
（4）Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthattheauthor______.
A．isquitestubborn
B．willgiveupteachinghistory
C．willchangehisteachingplansoon
D．valuestechnologyfreedialoguesinhisclass
答案
（1）D
细节理解题。
根据文章第二段最后一句“当上课前告诉他们我的要求之后，有些学生不高兴”可知D项正确。
（2）A
词义猜测题。
本句中and连接两个并列的动词，故engage的含义应与havedeepconversations意义接近，且根据本段第三句“...todigdeepwithinthemselves...”可推测出engage在此处与explore意义相近，故A项正确。
（3）A
细节理解题。
根据第四段最后一句“Iwantthemtopush...classdiscussion.”可知，在作者看来，使用高科技的手段会阻碍学生独立思考。
故选A项。
根据第四段第一句可知B、C两项错误，根据第四段的第二句可知D项错误。
（4）D
推理判断题。
根据文章最后一句可推出作者非常重视在教室中上课不用电脑等工具的教学方法。
故选D项。
第4题（2011年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（天津卷））
题目
HomestayprovidesEnglishlanguagestudentswiththeopportunitytospeakEnglishoutsidetheclassroomandtheexperienceofbeingpartofaBritishhome.
WhattoExpect
Thehostwillprovideaccommodationandmeals.Roomswillbecleanedandbedcoverschangedatleastonceaweek.Youwillbegiventhehousekeyandthehostistheretoofferhelpandadviceaswellastotakeaninterestinyourphysicalandmentalhealth.
AccommodationZones
HomestaysarelocatedinLondonmainlyinZones2,3and4ofthetransportsystem.MosthostsdonotliveinthetowncentreasmuchofcentralLondoniscommercialandnotresidential（居住的）．Zones3and4oftenofferlargeraccommodationinalesscrowdedarea.ItisveryconvenienttotravelinLondonbyUnderground.
MealPlansAvailable
◇ContinentalBreakfast
◇BreakfastandDinner
◇Breakfast，PackedLunchandDinner
It'simportanttonotethatfewEnglishfamiliesstillprovideatraditionalcookedbreakfast.YouraccommodationincludesContinentalBreakfastwhichnormallyconsistsoffruitjuice，cereal（谷物类食品），brea
升级会员 