英语高考英语高中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

英语高考英语高中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

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英语高考英语高中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案

（英语）高考英语高中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题（含答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Nothinggoodgenerallycomesofaconversationthatstartwiththewords,"IthinkyoushouldprobablysitdownbeforeItellyouthis.”

   Andsoitcametopass.AwayforChristmas,wegotacallfromkindfriendsathome,ourneighbour'shousehadcaughtfirewhiletheywereout.Thefiredidn'tspreadtoourhousebutthesmokeverymuchdid.

   It'sweeksofeitherthrowingout,orsendingawayforspecialistcleaning,everysinglethingintowhichsmokecouldhavepermeated（渗透）becausetheparticles（微粒）areanongoinghealthriskandwashingisn'tenough.Anythingsoft—sofasandcarpetsandchildren'steddybears,clothes—issuspected.WewillbeseeingintheNewYearinadecidedlyminimalistfashion.

   WhatIdidn'texpecttofeel,however,isthislucky.Friendsandneighbourshavecometogetherwithincrediblegenerosity.Wewillneveragainunderestimatetheclosenessofthevillagecommunityinwhichwelive,ortheinnatekindnessthatismostpeople'snaturalreactiontotrouble,andaregratefultoberemindedofsomuchthatisgood.Butthat'snottheonlythingI'velearned.Forinasense,wehaveachancetostartagain.

   Thesurpriseonbeingforcedtothinkaboutwhatmighturgentlyneedreplacingishowshortthelistofessentialsseems;howmuchwemusthavebeenhangingontooutofhabit,andhowmuchwehavebeenconditionedtothinkwasimportant.

   It'salltooeasilyassumedthatfamilyhistorylivesintangible（有形的）things—oldphotographs,adressboughtdecadesagoforanightheavywithmemories—butthat'snotquiteright.Thesethingswereonlyremindersofwhatwealreadycarrywithusinheadandheart.

   Walkingthroughthehouse,sweepingupthebrokenglass,Irealisedthattheanswertotheoldquestionof"Whatwouldyousaveinafire?

"isactuallythatnothingreallymattersbuteachother.

（1）Whathappenedtotheauthor'shouse?

A.Itcaughtafire.

B.Itwasaffectedbyafire.

C.Itwasbrokenintobyfriends.

D.Itswindowswerebroken.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"suspected"inParagraph3referto?

A.somethingthatmaybedamaged.

B.somethingthatmaynotbegenuine.

C.somethingthatmaynotbesogood.

D.somethingthatmaybedangerous.

（3）Whatdidtheauthorexpecttofeel?

A.Peoplearoundhimwerecoldtoothers'trouble.

B.Hisfriendsandneighboursweresogenerous.

C.Peopleinhiscommunitywereclosetoeachother.

D.Hewassoluckytofindmuchthatwasgood.

（4）HowwilltheauthorprobablyfeelwhentheNewYearfinallycomes?

A.Worried.

B.Surprised.

C.Excited.

D.Contented.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者家房子受到火灾影响，物品受损，一切都需要清理，但朋友们和邻居们提供的帮助，让作者感受到了他们的善良，对他们感恩。

作者感受到拥有彼此才是最重要的。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“ourneighbour'shousehadcaughtfirewhiletheywereout.Thefiredidn'tspreadtoourhousebutthesmokeverymuchdid.”；第三段中的“everysinglethingintowhichsmokecouldhavepermeated”可知邻居家在外出时着火了，虽然火没有蔓延到作者家，但烟殃及了房子，作者家的房子受到了影响。

故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“everysinglethingintowhichsmokecouldhavepermeated（渗透）becausetheparticles（微粒）areanongoinghealthriskandwashingisn'tenough.”可知每件被烟雾渗透的物品都要专门清洗或扔掉，因为那些微粒威胁健康，有的仅清洗是不行的。

此句涉及的那些柔软的东西被认为可能是被污染损害的东西，suspected指的就是这些东西。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“WhatIdidn'texpecttofeel,however,isthislucky.”作者没想到的是自己家很幸运，下文提到朋友们和邻居们都提供了帮助，作者从中感受到了他们的善良。

由此推知作者原来认为的是人们会对别人家的困难很冷漠，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“WewillbeseeingintheNewYearinadecidedlyminimalistfashion.”可知作者家房子受到火灾影响，物品受损，一切都需要清理，作者认为即将到来的新年肯定是简约的。

但朋友们和邻居们提供的帮助，让作者感受到了他们的善良，对他们感恩；再根据最后一段中的“Irealisedthattheanswertotheoldquestionof‘Whatwouldyousaveinafire?

’isactuallythatnothingreallymattersbuteachother.”作者感受到拥有彼此才是最重要的。

这些说明作者是满足的，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   Manypeoplehavelongdreamedofbeingabletoflyaroundassimplyasridingabicycle.Yetthesafetyandstrengthofaflyingbikewasalwaysabigproblem.Overthepast10years,developmentsintechnologyhavemovedthedreamofpersonalflyingvehiclesclosertoreality.Now,twogroupsofinventorssaysuchvehiclesmaybeavailablesoon.

   TheBritishcompanyMalloyAeronauticshasdevelopedaprototype（原型）ofitsflyingbicycle.GrantStapleton,marketingsalesdirectorofMalloyAeronautics,saystheHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly."Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked,"headds.

   Mr.Stapletonsayssafetywasthecompany'smainconcern.Hesaysthedesignerssolvedthesafetyissuebyusingoverlappingrotorstopowerthevehicle.

   Thecompanyistestingafull-sizeprototypeoftheHoverbike,whichwillmostlikelybeusedfirstbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams.

   InNewZealand,MartinAircraftCompanyisalsotestingafull-sizeprototypeofitspersonalflyingdevice,calledtheJetpack.Itcanflyformorethan30minutes,upto1,000metershighandreachaspeedof74kilometersperhour.

   PeterCokeristheCEOofMartinAircraftCompany.HesaidtheJetpack"isbuiltaroundsafetyfromthestart".Inhiswords,"Reliabilityisthemostimportantelementofit.Wehavesafetybuiltintotheactualstructureitself,verysimilartoaFormulaOneracingcar.

   TheJetpackusesagasoline-poweredenginethatproducestwopowerfuljetstreams.Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachutethatwouldbeused,ifthereshouldbeanemergency."Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitudeandactuallysavesboththeaircraftandthepilot,"headds.Mr.CokersaystheJetpackwillbereadyforsalesoon.

（1）WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheHoverbike________.

A. canhardlygetinandoutofsmallspacesquickly

B. canflyforover30minutes,upto1,000metershigh

C. hasbeenusedbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams

D. canbetransportedquicklyafterbeingfoldedandpacked

（2）PeterCokerusestheexampleofFormulaOneracingcartoshowthat________.

A. theJetpackisverysafeandreliable

B. theengineoftheJetpackispowerful

C. theactualstructureoftheJetpackisunique

D. theJetpackcanreachagreatspeedandheight

（3）Theunderlinedword"It"inthelastparagraphrefersto________.

A. thejetstream                  

B. theengine                  

C. theJetpack                  

D. theparachute

（4）Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?

A. Todescribetheproblemsofinventingflyingvehicles.

B. Tointroducethelatestdevelopmentofflyingvehicles.

C. Toshowthedifferencesbetweentwoflyingvehicles.

D. Toadvertisethetwopersonalflyingvehicles.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实，然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题，文中介绍了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位，并对产品进行了改进。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“theHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly.Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked.”可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。

它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。

可知，选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第六段PeterCoker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全可靠性是最重要的因素。

我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于FormulaOne赛车。

，故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据最后一段中的“Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachute（降落伞）thatcanbeusedshouldtherebeanemergency."Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitude….,”Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。

“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。

可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。

由此可知it指的是parachute（降落伞）。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样简单的飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。

然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。

接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   ResortsofeverykindhavesprunguptocatertotheEnglishmanneedtospendapartoftheyear,howeverbriefly,bytheseaside.NotowninBritainismorethaneightymilesfromtheseaandthereareseasideresortsallaroundthecoast.OnasummerSundaymostoftheroadsthatleadtotheseaaxecongestedwithcarsfullofpeopleeagertogetabreathofseaair.Intheeveningwheneveryoneisfulloffood,ice-creamandlollypops,thereisthelongslowdrivehomeonroadscrowdedwithreturningcars.

   Brighton

   Brightonisoneofthebest-knownsouthcoastresortsandisverypopularfordaytripexcursions.ItisonlyfiftymilesfromLondonandcanbereachedbyfasttraininanhour.Attheweekendthepebbledbeachesarethrongedwithpeoplesunbathingorpickingtheirwaytothewater'sedgeforadip.

   Bournemouth

   LocatedahundredmilesfromLondon,thebeachesarewideandsandy.WhiteHouseslinetheclifftopsandnarrowvalleys,denselywoodedwithpinetrees,reachdowntotheshore.TheareaneartothetownofTorquayontheDevoncoastissometimescalledBritainsRivieraandtheclimateissomildthatpalmtreesgrowalongtheseafront.

   Blackpool

   Onthenorth-westcoast,apopularresortforthepeopleintheindustrialnorth,Blackpoolisagay,noisytown,famousforitsamusementfacilitiesandthemagicallights.Atnightpeopletravelfrommilesaroundtoseetheextravaganzaoflightsdecoratingtheseafront.

   Southend

   OntheeastcoastatthemouthoftheThames,Southendis,likeBrighton,oneofthefavoriteresortsofLondoners.ThepierhereisthelongestinBritainandoffersagreatvarietyofdifferingentertainments.

（1）Whydopeopleoftenhavealongslowdrivehomeonroadsinsummer?

A. Becauseitisextremelyfarfromthesea.

B. Becausepeoplearefulloffood,ice-creamandlollypops.

C. Becausetoomanyreturningcarsoftenmakeatrafficjam.

D. Becausepeopleareattractedintheresortssotheyleaveslowly.

（2）Whichresortisfamousforitsentertainmentsandgrandlights?

A. Blackpool.                       B. Bournemouth.