现代大学英语精读3第二版知识点讲解.docx
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现代大学英语精读3第二版知识点讲解
Unit1
TextA课文内容全解
1.Hasiteverdawnedonyouthatcertaindevelopmentalchangeswilloccurinyourlifeasyoumovefromadolescencetoyoungadulthood?
(L.3,Para.1)
adulthood/ˈædʌlthʊd/n.thestateofbeinganadult成年:
Manypeopleareabletomaintainfriendshipsintoadulthood.很多人能够把友谊维持到成年。
2.Duringthistime,studentsaregoingthroughanidentitycrisisandareendeavoringtofindoutwhotheyareandwhattheirstrengthsandweaknessesare.(L.1,Para.2)
【英释】Duringthisperiod,studentsareexperiencinganidentitycrisisandaretryingtofindoutwhotheyareandwhattheirstrongandweakpointsare.
3.First,thereisfunctionalindependence,whichinvolvesthecapabilityofindividualstotakecareofpracticalandpersonalaffairs,suchashandlingfinances,choosingtheirownwardrobes,anddeterminingtheirdailyagenda.(L.3,Para.4)
【英释】First,thereisfunctionalindependence,whichincludeshowanindividualcanhandlehisorherpracticalandpersonalaffairs,suchaslearninghowtospendmoneywisely,choosinghisorherownclothes,anddecidingwhatheorsheisgoingtodoeveryday.
4.Fourthisfreedomfrom“excessiveguilt,anxiety,mistrust,responsibility,inhibition,resentment,andangerinrelationtothemotherandfather.”(L.12,Para.4)
【英释】Childrenoftenfeelveryguiltyinrelationtotheirparentsbecausetheythinktheyhavedonesomethingwrong;theyarealsoanxiousbecausetheyareeagertopleasetheirparents;theysometimesfeelunhappybecausetheythinkthattheirparentshavenotbeenfairtothem;theyfeelthattheyareresponsibletotheirparentsforeverythingtheydo;theyarealwaysafraidofnotsayingtherightthingornotbehavingproperly;allthesemaymakethemangrywiththeirparentsormakethemfeelresentful.Thesefeelingsreflecttheiremotionaldependenceontheirparents.Whentheygrowup,theyusuallystriveforfreedomfromthis.
5.Atthesametime,theseyoungadultsarelearninghowtogiveandreceiveaffectionintheadultworld.(L.1,Para.6)
affection/əˈfekʃn/n.①agentlefeelingofcaringandloving喜爱;钟爱:
Shehasgreataffectionforherlittlebrother.她很疼爱她的弟弟。
②[pl.]one’sfeelingsoflove爱情:
Shehastwomentryingtowinheraffections.她有两个男人追求。
【考】haveaffectionforsb./sth.喜欢…
【串】同族:
affectionatea.表示关爱的
形近:
affectationn.假装;装模作样
【辨】affection/love爱
affection指一种热烈、温柔、持久的感情,但不如love表示的感情那样强烈。
Hehasgreataffectionforhischildren.他深爱他的孩子们。
love为常用词,指更加强烈、更加倾心的感情,可用于亲情、友情、爱情等。
Theyfellinlovewitheachother.他们彼此相爱了。
【真题再现】[TEM-4,2006阅读]
Atanappropriatetimeitmightalsoexpressthekindofaffectionthatstimulatesattachmentandintimacy.
【译文】在适当时机,它(计算机)还会表达一种可以激发爱慕和亲密的情感。
6.Shewasdistressedbecauseshehadbeenputintoadormthathadpeoplefromavarietyofethnicbackgrounds.(L.8,Para.7)
distressed/dɪˈstrest/a.extremelyupsetorshocked烦恼的;忧虑的:
HeisdistressedtoknowthathefailedhisEnglishfinalexamination.得知没过英语期末考试,他感到很烦心。
【串】同族:
distressn.忧虑;悲伤‖v.使忧虑;使烦恼
同根:
stressn.压力;紧张
7.Asshefinishedhersenioryear,shehadgrowntorealizethatpeopleofotherraceswerenotonlyequaltoherbutwerepeoplewhocouldbeherfriendsandfromwhomshecouldlearn.
(L.11,Para.7)
【英释】Whenshefinishedherfourth-yearstudy,shehadlearnedthatpeopleofotherraceswerenotinferiortoher,andwhat’smore,shecouldmakefriendswithandlearnfromthem.
beequalto①相当;同等:
Itisridiculoustothinkoneraceisnotequaltoanotherjustbecauseithasadifferentskincolor.仅仅因为肤色不同就认为一个种族劣于另外一个种族是荒唐的。
②胜任:
Heisequaltothistask.他能够胜任这项任务。
8.Thesereligious,moral,andethicalvaluesthataresetduringthecollegeyearsoftenlastalifetime.(L.13,Para.7)
【英释】Thesevaluesthatareestablishedduringthecollegeyearsoftenlastalifetime.Itisacknowledgedthatourcharacterorbasicmoralprinciplesareformulatedduringthisperiodoftime.
Unit2
TextA课文内容全解
1.TheneighborhoodwhereIgrewupwasthesortofplaceinwhichpeopledreamofraisingchildren—asmallbutsatisfyingspreadofcenter-hallcolonials,oldroses,andquietroads.
(L.1,Para.1)
【英释】NeartheplaceIgrewupwasaniceplaceforpeopletoraisechildren.Althoughitissmallitisasatisfyingareawithcenter-hallcolonials,oldroseandquietroads.
spread/spred/n.arangeoranareaoverwhichbuildingsspread区域;一大片:
Thevastspreadofwater浩瀚的水域‖v.toopensth.outorarrangeagroupofthingssothattheycoveraflatsurface展开,摊开:
Hespreadthepaintingoutonthedesk.他将这幅画展开铺在书桌上。
2.Later,overastiffandawkwardlunchoftuna-fishsalad,someoftheothergirlsatmytablewereperplexedbythesourceofthequotationandwhatitmeant,andIwascertain,atthatmoment,thatthescholarshipwasmine.(L.3,Para.3)
【英释】Laterwhenwewerehavingalunchoftuna-fishsaladnervously,Igottoknowthatsomeoftheothergirlsatmytabledidn’tevenknowthesourceofthequotationanditsmeaning.WhereasIknewitquitewellandIwouldwinthescholarship.
3.Therewasaclubchairinourhouse,withcurledarmsandasquareottoman;itsatinonecornerofthelivingroom,withabarreltablenexttoit.(L.2,Para.5)
【解析】句中clubchair指低背安乐椅,有扶手且靠背很低;ottoman指软垫搁脚凳;barreltable指用一个啤酒桶和一块木板做成的桌子。
curl/kɜːl/v.toformormakesth.formintoatwistedorcurvedshape(使)卷曲:
Theboy’shaircurlsnaturally.这个男孩的头发天生卷曲。
【串】同族:
curleda.卷曲的
4.InmymindIamalwayssprawledonit,readingwithmyskinnylegsslungoveroneofitsarms.(L.4,Para.5)
【英释】IrememberthatIusedtostretchmyselfwithmyskinnylegshungoveroneofthearmsoftheclubchair.
5.Ididnotreadfromasenseofsuperiority,oradvancement,orevenlearning.(L.7,Para.9)
【英释】Ididnotreadbooksfromasenseofbeingbetterthanothers,orpromotion,orevengettingknowledge.
advancement/ədˈvɑːnsənt/n.①progressinone’sjob,socialclass,etc.(工作、社会等级等的)提升,晋升:
Hecaredtoomuchforsocialadvancement.他太在意社会地位的提升。
②theprocessofhelpingsth.tomakeprogressortheresultofitsprogress前进;进展;促进:
Theaimofauniversityshouldbetheadvancementoflearning.大学的目标应该是促进学术发展。
【串】同族:
advancev.进步;促进advanceda.先进的;高级的
同义:
promotionn.提升;晋升
6.ButinthefifteenthcenturyGutenberginventedtheprintingpress.(L.2,Para.14)
【解析】句中printingpress意为“印刷机”。
press经常用作“报章杂志;报刊;印刷媒体;出版社”等意思。
Unit3
TextA课文内容全解
1.Hedidn’tknowher.Shesmiled,hefrowned.(L.1,Para.2)
frown/fraʊn/v.tobringone’seyebrowsclosertogether皱眉;蹙额:
Hefrownedwithconcentration.他全神贯注,紧锁双眉。
【记】对比:
frown(皱眉)→反对;smile(微笑)→同意;赞成
【考】frownon/upon反对;不赞成:
Hefrownedonsmokingatoffice.他反对在办公室里吸烟。
【辨】frown/scowl皱眉;蹙额
frown指因注视某物或用心思考而双眉紧锁,但主要是因为不高兴所致。
Themotherfrownedwhenhersonfailedinhisexam.儿子考试不及格时,母亲皱起眉头。
scowl指发脾气、抑郁或不满意时表现出的皱眉,含有愁眉不展、怒形于色的意思。
Peopleusuallyscowlatapersontheydon’tlike.人们通常对他们不喜欢的人蹙眉头。
2.Herthoughtslingeredoverthelasttwowords.Andinthewarmth,asitwere,anothermemoryunfolded.(L.1,Para.16)
linger/ˈlɪŋɡə(r)/v.①tostaysomewhereforalongtimebecauseyouareunwillingtoleave逗留;徘徊;磨蹭:
Theattractivescenicspotsandhistoricsitesmakeforeigntouristslingeronandforgettoreturn.景色宜人的名胜古迹令外国游客流连忘返。
②tocontinuetoexist;todisappearslowly继续存留;缓慢消失:
Thesmelloftheroastedducklingered(on)intheroom.房间里仍飘溢着烤鸭的香味。
【记】形近+联想:
longer更长一些→linger逗留;继续存留
谐音:
离割(离别割舍)→恋恋不舍,不愿离去→逗留;继续存留
【考】lingeron停留;逗留
【串】同族:
lingeringa.拖延的;缓慢消失的
【真题再现】[TEM-4,2009完形]
ButrecentdevelopmentsinHongKongsuggestthatthediseasemightspreadthroughair,orthatthevirusmight_____fortwotothreehoursondoorknobsorothersurfaces.
A.continueB.lingerC.delayD.persist
【点拨】译文:
但是香港最近发生的病例表明,这一疾病可能通过空气传播,或者说这种病毒可能会在门把手上或其他物体表面存活两到三个小时。
continue意为“继续”;linger意为“继续存留”;delay意为“延迟”;persist意为“坚持”。
根据题意,答案为B。
unfold/ʌnˈfəʊld/v.①toopenorspreadoutfromafoldedstate展开;打开:
Thestoryunfoldsgraduallyasthefilmgoeson.随着影片的放映,故事情节逐渐展开。
②tomakesth.knowngradually;tobegraduallymadeknown(使)逐渐展现;展示;透露:
Theministergraduallyunfoldedhisplantoher.部长逐渐向她透露了他的计划。
un
fold
opposite
相反
bend
对折
【记】un(相反)+fold(对折)→与折叠相反的动作→展开;打开
【考】unfoldsth.tosb.向某人透露某事
【串】反义:
foldv.折叠;合拢
3....shefeltthestrangebeastthathadslumberedsolongwithinherbosomstir,stretchitself,yawn,prickupitsears,andsuddenlyboundtoitsfeet,andfixitslonging,hungrystareuponthosefarawayplaces.(L.1,Para.31)
【英释】...shefeltthatherlifelongdreamoftravelingaroundtheworld,whichhadbeenlyingatthebackofhermindalltheseyearsbecauseherhealthconditionshadnotallowedhertodothat,nowbegantowakeup.Itwasjustlikeastrangebeastwakingupwithlonginghungryeyesforthosewonderfulplaces.
stretch/stretʃ/v.①toputone’sarmsorlegsoutstraightandcontractone’smuscles伸展;舒展:
Shestretchedandyawnedlazily.她伸了个懒腰,打了个哈欠。
②tospreadoutoveradistanceoranarea绵延;延伸:
Theroadstretchesoutacrossthedesertintothedistance.这条路穿过沙漠伸向远方。
‖n.aperiodoftime一段时间:
Shefinishedreadingthebookatastretch.她一口气把这本书读完了。
【考】atastretch一口气地;不休息地‖atfullstretch竭尽全力;以最大财力物力:
Wemustworkatfullstretchtogetthejobfinishedintime.为了按时完成工作我们必须全力以赴。
bound/baʊnd/v.torunwithjumpingmovementsinacertaindirection跳跃着跑:
Sheboundedintotheroomandannouncedthatshewasengaged.她蹦蹦跳跳地跑进屋里,宣布她订婚了。
‖a.certainorlikelytohappen一定会;很可能会:
We’reboundtobelate.我们肯定要迟到了。
【考】beboundtodo/besth.一定会…;很可能会…
【警】bound与bind“捆绑;缠绕”的过去式和过去分词拼写一致,应注意区分。
Unit4
TextA课文内容全解
1.Hehadopenedhiseyeswiththesunatdawn,scratched,donehisbusinesslikeadogattheroadside,washedatthepublicfountain,beggedapieceofbreakfastbreadandafewolives,eatenthemsquattingontheground,andwashedthemdownwithafewhandfulsofwaterscoopedfromthespring.(L.2,Para.1)
【英